Compare Mayotte (2004) - Lesotho (2004)

Compare Mayotte (2004) z Lesotho (2004)

	Mayotte (2004)	Lesotho (2004)

Administrative divisions	none (territorial collectivity of France)	10 districts; Berea, Butha-Buthe, Leribe, Mafeteng, Maseru, Mohale's Hoek, Mokhotlong, Qacha's Nek, Quthing, Thaba-Tseka
Age structure	0-14 years: 46.4% (male 43,301; female 42,934) 15-64 years: 51.9% (male 52,534; female 44,100) 65 years and over: 1.7% (male 1,579; female 1,578) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 37.3% (male 350,288; female 345,815) 15-64 years: 57.2% (male 521,434; female 545,183) 65 years and over: 5.5% (male 41,903; female 60,417) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra	corn, wheat, pulses, sorghum, barley; livestock
Airports	1 (2003 est.)	28 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 3 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 25 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 21 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 374 sq km land: 374 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 30,355 sq km land: 30,355 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than Maryland
Background	Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence.	Basutoland was renamed the Kingdom of Lesotho upon independence from the UK in 1966. King MOSHOESHOE was exiled in 1990. Constitutional government was restored in 1993 after 23 years of military rule. In 1998, violent protests and a military mutiny following a contentious election prompted a brief but bloody South African military intervention. Constitutional reforms have since restored political stability; peaceful parliamentary elections were held in 2002.
Birth rate	42.19 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	26.91 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: NA expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1991 est.)	revenues: $625.4 million expenditures: $675.2 million, including capital expenditures of $15 million (2003 est.)
Capital	Mamoutzou	Maseru
Climate	tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)	temperate; cool to cold, dry winters; hot, wet summers
Coastline	185.2 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)	2 April 1993
Country name	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte conventional short form: Mayotte	conventional long form: Kingdom of Lesotho conventional short form: Lesotho former: Basutoland
Currency	euro (EUR)	loti (LSL); South African rand (ZAR)
Death rate	8.11 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	24.79 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	NA	$735 million (2002)
Dependency status	territorial collectivity of France	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	chief of mission: Ambassador Robert G. LOFTIS embassy: 254 Kingsway, Maseru West (Consular Section) mailing address: P. O. Box 333, Maseru 100, Lesotho telephone: [266] 312666 FAX: [266] 310116
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	chief of mission: Ambassador Molelekeng E. RAPOLAKI chancery: 2511 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 797-5533 through 5536 FAX: [1] (202) 234-6815
Disputes - international	claimed by Comoros	none
Economic aid - donor	-	ODA $4.4 million
Economic aid - recipient	$107.7 million; note - extensive French financial assistance (1995)	$41.5 million (2000)
Economy - overview	Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism.	Small, landlocked, and mountainous, Lesotho relies on remittances from miners employed in South Africa and customs duties from the Southern Africa Customs Union for the majority of government revenue, but the government has strengthened its tax system to reduce dependency on customs duties. Completion of a major hydropower facility in January 1998 now permits the sale of water to South Africa, also generating royalties for Lesotho. As the number of mineworkers has declined steadily over the past several years, a small manufacturing base has developed based on farm products that support the milling, canning, leather, and jute industries and a rapidly growing apparel-assembly sector. The economy is still primarily based on subsistence agriculture, especially livestock, although drought has decreased agricultural activity. The extreme inequality in the distribution of income remains a major drawback. Lesotho has signed an Interim Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility with the IMF.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	40 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	40 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2001)
Electricity - production	NA kWh	0 kWh NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Benara 660 m	lowest point: junction of the Orange and Makhaleng Rivers 1,400 m highest point: Thabana Ntlenyana 3,482 m
Environment - current issues	NA	population pressure forcing settlement in marginal areas results in overgrazing, severe soil erosion, and soil exhaustion; desertification; Highlands Water Project controls, stores, and redirects water to South Africa
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	NA	Sotho 99.7%, Europeans, Asians, and other 0.3%,
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8860 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999)	maloti per US dollar - 7.5648 (2003), 10.5407 (2002), 8.6092 (2001), 6.9398 (2000), 6.1095 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Jean-Paul KIHL (since 17 January 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Younoussa BAMANA (since NA 1977) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term	chief of state: King LETSIE III (since 7 February 1996); note - King LETSIE III formerly occupied the throne from November 1990 to February 1995, while his father was in exile head of government: Prime Minister Pakalitha MOSISILI (since 23 May 1998) cabinet: Cabinet elections: none; according to the constitution, the leader of the majority party in the Assembly automatically becomes prime minister; the monarch is hereditary, but, under the terms of the constitution, which came into effect after the March 1993 election, the monarch is a "living symbol of national unity" with no executive or legislative powers; under traditional law the college of chiefs has the power to determine who is next in the line of succession, who shall serve as regent in the event that the successor is not of mature age, and may even depose the monarch
Exports	$3.44 million f.o.b. (1997)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon	manufactures 75% (clothing, footwear, road vehicles), wool and mohair, food and live animals (2000)
Exports - partners	France 80%, Comoros 15%, Reunion (2000)	US 97.6%, Canada 1.5%, France 0.5% (2003)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of France is used	divided diagonally from the lower hoist side corner; the upper half is white, bearing the brown silhouette of a large shield with crossed spear and club; the lower half is a diagonal blue band with a green triangle in the corner
GDP	purchasing power parity - $466.8 million (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $5.583 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA (2001 est.)	agriculture: 15.3% industry: 43.3% services: 41.4% (2003)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,600 (1998 est.)	purchasing power parity - $3,000 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA	4% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates	12 50 S, 45 10 E	29 30 S, 28 30 E
Geography - note	part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands	landlocked, completely surrounded by South Africa; mountainous, more than 80% of the country is 1,800 meters above sea level
Highways	total: 93 km paved: 72 km unpaved: 21 km	total: 5,940 km paved: 1,087 km unpaved: 4,853 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: 0.9% highest 10%: 43.4%
Imports	$141.3 million f.o.b. (1997)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals	food; building materials, vehicles, machinery, medicines, petroleum products (2000)
Imports - partners	France 66%, Africa 14%, Southeast Asia 11% (2000 est.)	Hong Kong 36.6%, Taiwan 36.2%, China 12%, Germany 9.9% (2003)
Independence	none (territorial collectivity of France)	4 October 1966 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	15.5% (1999)
Industries	newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction	food, beverages, textiles, apparel assembly, handicrafts; construction; tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 64.19 deaths/1,000 live births male: 70.42 deaths/1,000 live births female: 57.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: 85.22 deaths/1,000 live births male: 90.19 deaths/1,000 live births female: 80.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA	6.1% (2003 est.)
International organization participation	UPU	ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land	NA sq km	10 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel	High Court (chief justice appointed by the monarch); Court of Appeal; Magistrate's Court; customary or traditional court
Labor force	48,800 (2000)	838,000 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	-	86% of resident population engaged in subsistence agriculture; roughly 35% of the active male wage earners work in South Africa
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 909 km border countries: South Africa 909 km
Land use	arable land: NA permanent crops: NA other: NA (2001)	arable land: 10.87% permanent crops: 0.13% other: 89% (2001)
Languages	Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population	Sesotho (southern Sotho), English (official), Zulu, Xhosa
Legal system	French law	based on English common law and Roman-Dutch law; judicial review of legislative acts in High Court and Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 7 October 2000 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held as a special election on NA June 2005); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.08%, UDF 44.92%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (33 members - 22 principal chiefs and 11 other members appointed by the ruling party) and the Assembly (120 seats, 80 by direct popular vote and 40 by proportional vote; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms); note - number of seats in the Assembly rose from 80 to 120 in the May 2002 election elections: last held 25 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - LCD 54%, BNP 21%, LPC 7%, other 18%; seats by party - LCD 76, BNP 21, LPC 5, other 18
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 60.99 years male: 58.85 years female: 63.2 years (2004 est.)	total population: 36.81 years male: 36.81 years female: 36.81 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 84.8% male: 74.5% female: 94.5% (2003 est.)
Location	Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique	Southern Africa, an enclave of South Africa
Map references	Africa	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	none	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France; small contingent of French forces stationed on the island	the Lesotho Government in 1999 began an open debate on the future structure, size, and role of the armed forces, especially considering the Lesotho Defense Force's (LDF) history of intervening in political affairs
Military branches	-	Lesotho Defense Force (LDF; with Army and Air Wing)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$32.5 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	2.6% (2003)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 465,827 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 253,974 (2004 est.)
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Independence Day, 4 October (1966)
Nationality	noun: Mahorais (singular and plural) adjective: Mahoran	noun: Mosotho (singular), Basotho (plural) adjective: Basotho
Natural hazards	cyclones during rainy season	periodic droughts
Natural resources	NEGL	water, agricultural and grazing land, some diamonds and other minerals
Net migration rate	6.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-0.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; Federation of Mahorans or RPR [Mansour KAMARDINE]; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Mouhoutar SALIM]; Socialist Party or PS (local branch of French Parti Socialiste) [Ibrahim ABUBACAR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]	Basotho Congress Party or BCP [Tseliso MAKHAKHE]; Basotho National Party or BNP [Maj. Gen. Justine Metsing LEKHANYA]; Lesotho Congress for Democracy or LCD [Phebe MOTEBANO, chairwoman; Pakalitha MOSISILI, leader] - the governing party; Lesotho People's Congress or LPC [Kelebone MAOPE]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Charles MOFELI]; Marematlou Freedom Party or MFP and Setlamo Alliance [Vincent MALEBO]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Chief Peete Nkoebe PEETE]; Sefate Democratic Party or SDP [Bofihla NKUEBE]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	186,026 (July 2004 est.)	1,865,040 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	49% (1999)
Population growth rate	4.09% (2004 est.)	0.14% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	Dzaoudzi	none
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (1998)
Religions	Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic)	Christian 80%, indigenous beliefs 20%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.19 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications domestic: NA international: country code - 269; microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros (2001)	general assessment: rudimentary system domestic: consists of a few landlines, a small microwave radio relay system, and a minor radiotelephone communication system; a cellular mobile telephone system is growing international: country code - 266; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	10,000 (2001)	28,600 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	21,700 (2002)	92,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	3 (2001)	1 (2000)
Terrain	generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks	mostly highland with plateaus, hills, and mountains
Total fertility rate	5.98 children born/woman (2004 est.)	3.44 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	38% (1999)	45% (2002)

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