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Compare Martinique (2006) - Mauritius (2001)
Compare Martinique (2006) z Mauritius (2001)
| Martinique (2006) | Mauritius (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (overseas department of France) | 9 districts and 3 dependencies*; Agalega Islands*, Black River, Cargados Carajos Shoals*, Flacq, Grand Port, Moka, Pamplemousses, Plaines Wilhems, Port Louis, Riviere du Rempart, Rodrigues*, Savanne |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 22.1% (male 48,988/female 47,525)
15-64 years: 67.3% (male 147,082/female 146,470) 65 years and over: 10.6% (male 20,791/female 25,275) (2006 est.) |
0-14 years:
25.53% (male 153,691; female 150,094) 15-64 years: 68.24% (male 404,940; female 407,056) 65 years and over: 6.23% (male 29,588; female 44,456) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane | sugarcane, tea, corn, potatoes, bananas, pulses; cattle, goats; fish |
| Airports | 2 (2006) | 5 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
over 3,047 m: 1 (2006) |
total:
2 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2006) |
total:
3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 1,100 sq km
land: 1,060 sq km water: 40 sq km |
total:
1,860 sq km land: 1,850 sq km water: 10 sq km note: includes Agalega Islands, Cargados Carajos Shoals (Saint Brandon), and Rodrigues |
| Area - comparative | slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC | almost 11 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | The French began to settle this island in 1635, overcoming resistance from the local Carib inhabitants. In 1660, the suviving natives were rounded up and permanently expelled. The island has subsequently remained a French possession except for three brief periods of foreign occupation. | Discovered by the Portuguese in 1505, Mauritius was subsequently held by the Dutch, French, and British before independence was attained in 1968. A stable democracy with regular free elections and a positive human rights record, the country has attracted considerable foreign investment and has earned one of Africa's highest per capita incomes. Recent poor weather and declining sugar prices have slowed economic growth leading to some protests over standards of living in the Creole community. |
| Birth rate | 13.74 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) | 16.5 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $317.5 million
expenditures: $317.5 million; including capital expenditures of $140 million (1996) |
revenues:
$1.1 billion expenditures: $1.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.) |
| Capital | name: Fort-de-France
geographic coordinates: 14 36 N, 61 05 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
Port Louis |
| Climate | tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid | tropical, modified by southeast trade winds; warm, dry winter (May to November); hot, wet, humid summer (November to May) |
| Coastline | 350 km | 177 km |
| Constitution | 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) | 12 March 1968; amended 12 March 1992 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Department of Martinique
conventional short form: Martinique local long form: Departement de la Martinique local short form: Martinique |
conventional long form:
Republic of Mauritius conventional short form: Mauritius |
| Currency | - | Mauritian rupee (MUR) |
| Death rate | 6.48 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) | 6.82 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $180 million (1994) | $1.9 billion (1998 est.) |
| Dependency status | overseas department of France | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas department of France) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Mark W. ERWIN embassy: 4th Floor, Rogers House, John Kennedy Street, Port Louis mailing address: international mail: P. O. Box 544, Port Louis; US mail: American Embassy, Port Louis, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2450 telephone: [230] 208-2347, 208-2354, 208-9763 through 9767 FAX: [230] 208-9534 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas department of France) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Usha JEETAH chancery: Suite 441, 4301 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 244-1491, 1492 FAX: [1] (202) 966-0983 |
| Disputes - international | none | claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory); claims French-administered Tromelin Island |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA; note - substantial annual aid from France (1998) | $42 million (1997) |
| Economy - overview | The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism, which employs more than 11,000 people, has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange. | Since independence in 1968, Mauritius has developed from a low-income, agriculturally based economy to a middle-income diversified economy with growing industrial, financial, and tourist sectors. For most of the period, annual growth has been in the order of 5% to 6%. This remarkable achievement has been reflected in increased life expectancy, lowered infant mortality, and a much-improved infrastructure. Sugarcane is grown on about 90% of the cultivated land area and accounts for 25% of export earnings. The government's development strategy centers on foreign investment. Mauritius has attracted more than 9,000 offshore entities, many aimed at commerce in India and South Africa, and investment in the banking sector alone has reached over $1 billion. Economic performance since 1991 has continued strong with solid growth and low unemployment. |
| Electricity - consumption | 1.12 billion kWh (2003) | 1.172 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2003) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2003) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 1.205 billion kWh (2003) | 1.26 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
91.27% hydro: 8.73% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Montagne Pelee 1,397 m |
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Piton 828 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | water pollution, degradation of coral reefs |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | African and African-white-Indian mixture 90%, white 5%, East Indian and Chinese less than 5% | Indo-Mauritian 68%, Creole 27%, Sino-Mauritian 3%, Franco-Mauritian 2% |
| Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001) | Mauritian rupees per US dollar - 27.900 (January 2001), 26.250 (2000), 25.186 (1999), 22.993 (1998), 21.057 (1997), 17.948 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995); Prefect Yves DASSONVILLE (since 14 January 2004); note - took office 8 February 2004
head of government: President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992); President of the Regional Council Alfred MARIE-JEANNE (since NA March 1998) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils for six-year terms |
chief of state:
President Cassam UTEEM (since 1 July 1992) and Vice President Angidi Verriah CHETTIAR (since 28 June 1997) head of government: Prime Minister Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH (since 17 September 2000) and Deputy Prime Minister Paul BERENGER (since 17 September 2000) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president and vice president elected by the National Assembly for five-year terms; election last held 28 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president and are responsible to the National Assembly election results: Cassam UTEEM reelected president and Angidi Verriah CHETTIAR elected vice president; percent of vote by the National Assembly - NA% |
| Exports | NA bbl/day | $1.6 billion (f.o.b., 1999) |
| Exports - commodities | refined petroleum products, bananas, rum, pineapples | clothing and textiles, sugar, cut flowers, molasses |
| Exports - partners | France 45%, Guadeloupe 28% (2004) | UK 32%, France 19%, US 15%, Germany 6%, Italy 4% (1999 est.) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | unofficial flag, derives from the civil ensign flown by French merchant ships and dates to 1766; a blue field quartered by a white cross; in the center of each rectangle is a white, coiled snake representing the venomous Fer-de-lance; the flag of France is used for official occasions | four equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, yellow, and green |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $12.3 billion (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 6%
industry: 11% services: 83% (1997 est.) |
agriculture:
10% industry: 29% services: 61% (1996) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $10,400 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | 7.5% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 14 40 N, 61 00 W | 20 17 S, 57 33 E |
| Geography - note | the island is dominated by Mount Pelee, which on 8 May 1902 erupted and completely destroyed the city of Saint Pierre, killing 30,000 inhabitants | - |
| Highways | - | total:
1,910 km paved: 1,834 km (including 36 km of expressways) unpaved: 76 km (1998) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe | minor consumer and transshipment point for heroin from South Asia; small amounts of cannabis produced and consumed locally |
| Imports | NA bbl/day | $2.3 billion (f.o.b., 1999) |
| Imports - commodities | petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods | manufactured goods, capital equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals (1996) |
| Imports - partners | France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3% (2004) | France 14%, South Africa 11%, India 8%, UK 5% (1999 est.) |
| Independence | none (overseas department of France) | 12 March 1968 (from UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | 8% (2000 est.) |
| Industries | construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism | food processing (largely sugar milling), textiles, clothing; chemicals, metal products, transport equipment, nonelectrical machinery; tourism |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 6.95 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.68 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.) |
17.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA | 5.3% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | UPU, WCL, WFTU | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, InOC, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 70 sq km (2003) | 170 sq km (1993 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel | Supreme Court |
| Labor force | 165,900 (1998) | 514,000 (1995) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 10%
industry: 17% services: 73% (1997) |
construction and industry 36%, services 24%, agriculture and fishing 14%, trade, restaurants, hotels 16%, transportation and communication 7%, finance 3% (1995) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 9.09%
permanent crops: 10% other: 80.91% (2005) |
arable land:
49% permanent crops: 3% permanent pastures: 3% forests and woodland: 22% other: 23% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | French, Creole patois | English (official), Creole, French, Hindi, Urdu, Hakka, Bojpoori |
| Legal system | French legal system | based on French civil law system with elements of English common law in certain areas |
| Legislative branch | unicameral General Council or Conseil General (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: General Council - last held March 2000 (next to be held in 2006); Regional Council - last held on 28 March 2004 (next to be held by March 2010) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - left-wing candidates 13, PPM 11, RPR 6, right-wing candidates 5, PCM 3, UDF 3, PMS 2, independents 2; note - the PPM won a plurality; Regional Council (second round) - percent of vote by party - MIM 53.8%, PPM 30.6%; seats by party - MIM 28, PPM 9, other 4 note: Martinique elects 2 seats to the French Senate; elections last held September 2004 (next to be held September 2008); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PPM 1, left-wing candidate 1; Martinique also elects 4 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held not later than June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, PMS 1, MIM 1, left-wing candidate 1 (candidacy of the left-wing candidate was found invalid by the Constitutional Council; new elections will be called) |
unicameral National Assembly (66 seats - 62 elected by popular vote, 4 appointed by the election commission from the losing political parties to give representation to various ethnic minorities; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 11 September 2000 (next to be held by September 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - MSM/MMM 52.3%, MLP/PMSD 36.9%, OPR 10.8%; seats by party - MSM/MMM 54, MLP/PMSD 6, OPR 2 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 79.18 years
male: 79.5 years female: 78.85 years (2006 est.) |
total population:
71.25 years male: 67.26 years female: 75.31 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97.7% male: 97.4% female: 98.1% (2003 est.) |
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 82.9% male: 87.1% female: 78.8% (1995 est.) |
| Location | Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago | Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar |
| Map references | Central America and the Caribbean | World |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | total:
9 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 61,909 GRT/87,313 DWT ships by type: cargo 2, combination bulk 2, container 2, liquefied gas 1, refrigerated cargo 2 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: India 1 (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of France | - |
| Military branches | no regular military forces; Gendarmerie | National Police Force (includes the paramilitary Special Mobile Force or SMF and National Coast Guard) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $11 million (FY97/98) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 0.3% (FY97/98) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49:
339,473 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49:
171,206 (2001 est.) |
| National holiday | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) | Independence Day, 12 March (1968) |
| Nationality | noun: Martiniquais (singular and plural)
adjective: Martiniquais |
noun:
Mauritian(s) adjective: Mauritian |
| Natural hazards | hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years) | cyclones (November to April); almost completely surrounded by reefs that may pose maritime hazards |
| Natural resources | coastal scenery and beaches, cultivable land | arable land, fish |
| Net migration rate | -0.03 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) | -0.92 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Martinique Communist Party or PCM [Georges ERICHOT]; Martinique Independence Movement or MIM [Alfred MARIE-JEANNE]; Martinique Progressive Party or PPM [Pierre SUEDILE]; Martinique Socialist Party or PMS [Ernest WAN-AJOUHU]; Movement of Democrats and Ecologists for a Sovereign Martinique or Modemas [Garcin MALSA]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Michel CHARLONE]; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe PIERRE-CHARLES]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Jean MAREN] | Hizbullah [Cehl Mohamed FAKEEMEEAH]; Mauritian Labor Party or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]; Mauritian Militant Movement or MMM [Paul BERENGER] - in coalition with MSM; Mauritian Militant Renaissance or MMR [Dr. Paramhansa NABABSING]; Mauritian Social Democrat Party or PMSD [Charles Xavier-Luc DUVAL]; Militant Socialist Movement or MSM [Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH] - governing party; Rodrigues Movement or OPR [Joseph (Nicholas) Von MALLY] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP | various labor unions |
| Population | 436,131 (July 2006 est.) | 1,189,825 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | 10.6% (1992 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 0.72% (2006 est.) | 0.88% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | - | Port Louis |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 5, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 420,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 10.5%, Muslim 0.5%, Hindu 0.5%, other 3.5% (1997) | Hindu 52%, Christian 28.3% (Roman Catholic 26%, Protestant 2.3%), Muslim 16.6%, other 3.1% |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2006 est.) |
at birth:
1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: domestic facilities are adequate
domestic: NA international: country code - 596; microwave radio relay to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
general assessment:
small system with good service domestic: primarily microwave radio relay international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); new microwave link to Reunion; HF radiotelephone links to several countries |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 172,000 (2001) | 223,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 319,900 (2002) | 37,000 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | 11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997) | 2 (plus 11 repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano | small coastal plain rising to discontinuous mountains encircling central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | 1.79 children born/woman (2006 est.) | 2.01 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 27.2% (1998) | 6.4% (1999 est.) |
| Waterways | - | none |
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