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Compare Martinique (2002) - Malawi (2002)
Compare Martinique (2002) z Malawi (2002)
| Martinique (2002) | Malawi (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (overseas department of France) | 27 districts; Balaka, Blantyre, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Chitipa, Dedza, Dowa, Karonga, Kasungu, Likoma, Lilongwe, Machinga (Kasupe), Mangochi, Mchinji, Mulanje, Mwanza, Mzimba, Ntcheu, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Nsanje, Ntchisi, Phalombe, Rumphi, Salima, Thyolo, Zomba |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 23% (male 49,261; female 47,843)
15-64 years: 66.8% (male 140,616; female 141,460) 65 years and over: 10.2% (male 19,274; female 23,823) (2002 est.) |
0-14 years: 44% (male 2,358,730; female 2,347,017)
15-64 years: 53.2% (male 2,810,478; female 2,884,601) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 120,761; female 180,237) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane | tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea, corn, potatoes, cassava (tapioca), sorghum, pulses; cattle, goats, groundnuts, Macadamia nuts |
| Airports | 2 (2001) | 44 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
over 3,047 m: 1 (2002) |
total: 6
over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
total: 37
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 14 under 914 m: 22 (2002) |
| Area | total: 1,100 sq km
land: 1,060 sq km water: 40 sq km |
total: 118,480 sq km
land: 94,080 sq km water: 24,400 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than Pennsylvania |
| Background | Colonized by France in 1635, the island has subsequently remained a French possession except for three brief periods of foreign occupation. | Established in 1891, the British protectorate of Nyasaland became the independent nation of Malawi in 1964. After three decades of one-party rule, the country held multiparty elections in 1994 under a provisional constitution, which took full effect the following year. National multiparty elections were held again in 1999. |
| Birth rate | 15.37 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 37.13 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $900 million
expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $140 million (1996) (1996) |
revenues: $490 million
expenditures: $523 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY99/00 est.) |
| Capital | Fort-de-France | Lilongwe |
| Climate | tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid | sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May to November) |
| Coastline | 350 km | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Constitution | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) | 18 May 1994 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Department of Martinique
conventional short form: Martinique local long form: Departement de la Martinique local short form: Martinique |
conventional long form: Republic of Malawi
conventional short form: Malawi former: British Central African Protectorate, Nyasaland Protectorate, Nyasaland |
| Currency | euro (EUR); French franc (FRF) | Malawian kwacha (MWK) |
| Death rate | 6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 23.2 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $180 million (1994) (1994) | $2.8 billion (2001 est.) |
| Dependency status | overseas department of France | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas department of France) | chief of mission: Ambassador Roger A. MEECE
embassy: Area 40, Plot 24, Kenyatta Road mailing address: P. O. Box 30016, Lilongwe 3, Malawi telephone: [265] (1) 773 166 FAX: [265] (1) 770 471 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas department of France) | chief of mission: Ambassador Paul Tony Steven KANDIERO
chancery: 2408 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 797-1007 FAX: [1] (202) 265-0976 |
| Disputes - international | none | Malawi and Tanzania maintain a largely dormant dispute over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and current location of historical boundary in meandering Songwe River |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA; note - substantial annual aid from France | $427 million (1999) (1999) |
| Economy - overview | The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism, which employs more than 11,000 people, has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange. The majority of the work force is employed in the service sector and in administration. | Landlocked Malawi ranks among the world's least developed countries. The economy is predominately agricultural, with about 90% of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for 40% of GDP and 88% of export revenues. The economy depends on substantial inflows of economic assistance from the IMF, the World Bank, and individual donor nations. In late 2000, Malawi was approved for relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) program. The government faces strong challenges, e.g., to fully develop a market economy, to improve educational facilities, to face up to environmental problems, and to deal with the rapidly growing problem of HIV/AIDS. The performance of the tobacco sector is key to short-term growth. |
| Electricity - consumption | 1.046 billion kWh (2000) | 767.25 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2000) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2000) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | 1.125 billion kWh (2000) | 825 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
fossil fuel: 3%
hydro: 97% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Montagne Pelee 1,397 m |
lowest point: junction of the Shire River and international boundary with Mozambique 37 m
highest point: Sapitwa (Mount Mlanje) 3,002 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | deforestation; land degradation; water pollution from agricultural runoff, sewage, industrial wastes; siltation of spawning grounds endangers fish populations |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | African and African-white-Indian mixture 90%, white 5%, East Indian, Chinese less than 5% | Chewa, Nyanja, Tumbuka, Yao, Lomwe, Sena, Tonga, Ngoni, Ngonde, Asian, European |
| Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997) | Malawian kwachas per US dollar - 67.3111 (December 2001), 72.1973 (2001), 59.5438 (2000), 44.0881 (1999), 31.0727 (1998), 16.4442 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995); Prefect Michel CADOT (since 21 June 2000)
head of government: President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992); President of the Regional Council Alfred MARIE-JEANNE (since NA March 1998) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils |
chief of state: President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: 38-member Cabinet named by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: Bakili MULUZI reelected president; percent of vote - Bakili MULUZI (UDF) 51.4%, Gwandaguluwe CHAKUAMBA (MCP-AFORD) 44.3% |
| Exports | $250 million f.o.b. (1997) | $415.5 million f.o.b. (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | refined petroleum products, bananas, rum, pineapples | tobacco, tea, sugar, cotton, coffee, peanuts, wood products, apparel |
| Exports - partners | France 45%, Guadeloupe 28% (1997) | South Africa 18%, Germany 13%, US 13%, UK 10%, Japan 7%, Netherlands 3% (2000) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | a light blue background is divided into four quadrants by a white cross; in the center of each rectangle is a white snake; the flag of France is used for official occasions | three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green with a radiant, rising, red sun centered in the black band |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $4.39 billion (1997 est.) | purchasing power parity - $7 billion (2001 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 6%
industry: 11% services: 83% (1997 est.) |
agriculture: 40%
industry: 19% services: 41% (2000 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1997 est.) | purchasing power parity - $660 (2001 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | 1.7% (2001 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 14 40 N, 61 00 W | 13 30 S, 34 00 E |
| Geography - note | the island is dominated by Mount Pelee, which on 8 May 1902 erupted and completely destroyed the city of Saint Pierre, killing 30,000 inhabitants | landlocked; Lake Nyasa, some 580 km long, is the country's most prominent physical feature |
| Government - note | - | the executive exerts considerable influence over the legislature |
| Highways | total: 2,105 km (2000)
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
total: 14,594 km
paved: 2,773 km unpaved: 11,821 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe | - |
| Imports | $2 billion c.i.f. (1997) | $463.6 million f.o.b. (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods | food, petroleum products, semimanufactures, consumer goods, transportation equipment |
| Imports - partners | France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3% (1997) | South Africa 40%, UK 11%, Zimbabwe 7%, Japan 5%, Germany 2%, US 1.8%, Zambia (2000) |
| Independence | none (overseas department of France) | 6 July 1964 (from UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | 2.5% (2001 est.) |
| Industries | construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism | tobacco, tea, sugar, sawmill products, cement, consumer goods |
| Infant mortality rate | 7.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) | 119.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3.9% (1990) (1990) | 28.6% (2001 est.) |
| International organization participation | FZ, WCL, WFTU | ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | 7 (2001) |
| Irrigated land | 30 sq km (1998 est.) | 280 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel | Supreme Court of Appeal; High Court (chief justice appointed by the president, puisne judges appointed on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission); magistrate's courts |
| Labor force | 170,000 (1997) (1997) | 4.5 million (2001 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 10%, industry 17%, services 73% (1997) (1997) | agriculture 86% (1997 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total: 2,881 km
border countries: Mozambique 1,569 km, Tanzania 475 km, Zambia 837 km |
| Land use | arable land: 9.43%
permanent crops: 11.32% other: 79.25% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 19.93%
permanent crops: 1.33% other: 78.74% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | French, Creole patois | English (official), Chichewa (official), other languages important regionally |
| Legal system | French legal system | based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | unicameral General Council or Conseil General (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Assembly or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Assembly - last held on 15 March 1998 (next to be held by March 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - left-wing candidates 13, PPM 11, RPR 6, right-wing candidates 5, PCM 3, UDF 3, PMS 2, independents 2; note - the PPM won a plurality; Regional Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR-UDF 14, MIM 13, PPM 7, left parties 4, PMS 3 note: Martinique elects 2 seats to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 2001 (next to be held September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPM 2; Martinique also elects 4 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, PMS 1, MIM 1, left-wing candidate 1 |
unicameral National Assembly (193 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - UDF 48%, MCP 34%, AFORD 15%, others 3%; seats by party - UDF 96, MCP 61, AFORD 30, others 6 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 78.56 years
male: 79.19 years female: 77.92 years (2002 est.) |
total population: 36.59 years
male: 36.05 years female: 37.15 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 93% male: 92% female: 93% (1982 est.) |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 58% male: 72.8% female: 43.4% (1999 est.) |
| Location | Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago | Southern Africa, east of Zambia |
| Map references | Central America and the Caribbean | Africa |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
none (landlocked) |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | - |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of France | - |
| Military branches | no regular indigenous military forces; French Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie | Army (including Air Wing and Naval Detachment), Police (including paramilitary Mobile Force Unit) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $9.5 million (FY00/01) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 0.76% (FY00/01) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49: 2,535,207 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49: 1,301,625 (2002 est.) |
| National holiday | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) | Independence Day (Republic Day), 6 July (1964) |
| Nationality | noun: Martiniquais (singular and plural)
adjective: Martiniquais |
noun: Malawian(s)
adjective: Malawian |
| Natural hazards | hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years) | NA |
| Natural resources | coastal scenery and beaches, cultivable land | limestone, arable land, hydropower, unexploited deposits of uranium, coal, and bauxite |
| Net migration rate | -0.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Martinique Communist Party or PCM [Pierre SUEDILLE]; Martinique Independence Movement or MIM [Alfred MARIE-JEANNE]; Martinique Progressive Party or PPM [Camille DARSIERES]; note - may no longer be in existence; Martinique Socialist Party or PMS [Ernest WAN-AJOUHU]; Movement of Democrats and Ecologists for a Sovereign Martinique or Modemas [Garcin MALSA]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Michel CHARLONE]; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe PIERRE-CHARLES]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Jean MAREN] | Alliance for Democracy or AFORD [Chakufwa CHIHANA, president]; Malawi Congress Party or MCP [Gwanda CHAKUAMBA, president, John TEMBO, vice president]; Malawi Democratic Party or MDP [Kampelo KALUA, president]; United Democratic Front or UDF [Bakili MULUZI] - governing party |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP | National Democratic Alliance [Brown MPINGANJIRA] |
| Population | 422,277 (July 2002 est.) | 10,701,824
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | 54% (FY90/91 est. ) |
| Population growth rate | 0.89% (2002 est.) | 1.39% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Fort-de-France, La Trinite | Chipoka, Monkey Bay, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Chilumba |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 9, FM 5 (plus 15 repeater stations), shortwave 2 (plus a third station held in standby status) (2001) |
| Radios | 82,000 (1997) | 2.6 million (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km (2002) | total: 797 km
narrow gauge: 797 km 1.067-m gauge (2001) |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 95%, Hindu and pagan African 5% | Protestant 55%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 20%, indigenous beliefs 3%, other 2% |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: domestic facilities are adequate
domestic: NA international: microwave radio relay to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
general assessment: NA
domestic: system employs open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and radiotelephone communications stations international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 170,000 (1997) | 38,000 (1999) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 15,000 (1997) | 49,000 (2000) |
| Television broadcast stations | 11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997) | 1 (2001) |
| Terrain | mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano | narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains |
| Total fertility rate | 1.79 children born/woman (2002 est.) | 5.04 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 27.2% (1998) (1998) | NA% |
| Waterways | none | 144 km
note: on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire Riverall |
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