Compare Lesotho (2002) - Mayotte (2005)

Compare Lesotho (2002) z Mayotte (2005)

	Lesotho (2002)	Mayotte (2005)

Administrative divisions	10 districts; Berea, Butha-Buthe, Leribe, Mafeteng, Maseru, Mohales Hoek, Mokhotlong, Qacha's Nek, Quthing, Thaba-Tseka	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Age structure	0-14 years: 39% (male 433,229; female 427,926) 15-64 years: 56.3% (male 600,476; female 642,538) 65 years and over: 4.7% (male 43,691; female 60,094) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 46.2% (male 44,926/female 44,521) 15-64 years: 52.1% (male 54,713/female 46,156) 65 years and over: 1.7% (male 1,666/female 1,651) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	corn, wheat, pulses, sorghum, barley; livestock	vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra
Airports	28 (2001)	1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2002)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 24 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 20 (2002)	-
Area	total: 30,355 sq km land: 30,355 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 374 sq km land: 374 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Maryland	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background	Basutoland was renamed the Kingdom of Lesotho upon independence from the UK in 1966. King MOSHOESHOE was exiled in 1990. Constitutional government was restored in 1993 after 23 years of military rule.	Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence.
Birth rate	30.72 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	41.58 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $76 million expenditures: $80 million, including capital expenditures of $15 million	revenues: NA expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1991 est.)
Capital	Maseru	Mamoutzou
Climate	temperate; cool to cold, dry winters; hot, wet summers	tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	185.2 km
Constitution	2 April 1993	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Kingdom of Lesotho conventional short form: Lesotho former: Basutoland	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte conventional short form: Mayotte
Currency	loti (LSL); South African rand (ZAR)	-
Death rate	16.81 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	7.9 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$715 million (2001 est.)	$NA
Dependency status	-	territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Robert G. LOFTIS embassy: 254 Kingsway, Maseru West (Consular Section) mailing address: P. O. Box 333, Maseru 100, Lesotho telephone: [266] 312666 FAX: [266] 310116	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Lebohang Kenneth MOLEKO chancery: 2511 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 797-5533 through 5536 FAX: [1] (202) 234-6815	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	none	claimed by Comoros
Economic aid - recipient	$123.7 million (1995) (1995)	$107.7 million; note - extensive French financial assistance (1995)
Economy - overview	Small, landlocked, and mountainous, Lesotho's primary natural resource is water. Its economy is based on subsistence agriculture, livestock, remittances from miners employed in South Africa, and a rapidly growing apparel-assembly sector. The number of mineworkers has declined steadily over the past several years. A small manufacturing base depends largely on farm products that support the milling, canning, leather, and jute industries. Agricultural products are exported primarily to South Africa. Proceeds from membership in a common customs union with South Africa form the majority of government revenue. Although drought has decreased agricultural activity over the past few years, completion of a major hydropower facility in January 1998 now permits the sale of water to South Africa, generating royalties for Lesotho. The pace of privatization has increased in recent years. In December 1999, the government embarked on a nine-month IMF staff-monitored program aimed at structural adjustment and stabilization of macroeconomic fundamentals. The government is in the process of applying for a three-year successor program with the IMF under its Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility. Lesotho has a marked inequality in income distribution and serious unemployment/underemployment problems that will not yield to short-run solutions.	Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism.
Electricity - consumption	100 million kWh (2000)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - imports	100 million kWh note: electricity supplied by South Africa (2000)	-
Electricity - production	0 kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2000)	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: junction of the Orange and Makhaleng Rivers 1,400 m highest point: Thabana Ntlenyana 3,482 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Benara 660 m
Environment - current issues	population pressure forcing settlement in marginal areas results in overgrazing, severe soil erosion, and soil exhaustion; desertification; Highlands Water Project controls, stores, and redirects water to South Africa	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping	-
Ethnic groups	Sotho 99.7%, Europeans, Asians, and other 0.3%,	NA
Exchange rates	maloti per US dollar - 11.58786 (January 2002), 8.60918 (2001), 6.93983 (2000), 6.10948 (1999), 5.52828 (1998), 4.60796 (1997); note - the Lesotho loti is at par with the South African rand which is also legal tender; maloti is the plural form of loti	euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: King LETSIE III (since 7 February 1996); note - King LETSIE III formerly occupied the throne from November 1990 to February 1995, while his father was in exile head of government: Prime Minister Pakalitha MOSISILI (since 23 May 1998) cabinet: Cabinet elections: none; according to the constitution, the leader of the majority party in the Assembly automatically becomes prime minister; the monarch is hereditary, but, under the terms of the constitution which came into effect after the March 1993 election, the monarch is a "living symbol of national unity" with no executive or legislative powers; under traditional law the college of chiefs has the power to determine who is next in the line of succession, who shall serve as regent in the event that the successor is not of mature age, and may even depose the monarch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Jean-Paul KIHL (since 17 January 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Said Omar OILI (since NA 2004) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term
Exports	$250 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)	$3.44 million f.o.b. (1997)
Exports - commodities	manufactures 75% (clothing, footwear, road vehicles), wool and mohair, food and live animals	ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon
Exports - partners	South African Customs Union 53.9%, North America 45.6% (1999)	France 80%, Comoros 15%, Reunion (2000)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	divided diagonally from the lower hoist side corner; the upper half is white, bearing the brown silhouette of a large shield with crossed spear and club; the lower half is a diagonal blue band with a green triangle in the corner	the flag of France is used
GDP	purchasing power parity - $5.3 billion (2001 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 18% industry: 38% services: 44% (2001)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,450 (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $2,600 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2.6% (2001 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	29 30 S, 28 30 E	12 50 S, 45 10 E
Geography - note	landlocked, completely surrounded by South Africa; mountainous, more than 80% of the country is 1,800 meters above sea level	part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands
Highways	total: 4,955 km paved: 887 km unpaved: 4,068 km (1996)	total: 93 km paved: 72 km unpaved: 21 km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 1% highest 10%: 43% (1986-87)	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$720 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)	$141.3 million f.o.b. (1997)
Imports - commodities	food; building materials, vehicles, machinery, medicines, petroleum products	food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals
Imports - partners	South African Customs Union 89.5%, Asia 7% (1999)	France 66%, Africa 14%, Southeast Asia 11% (2000 est.)
Independence	4 October 1966 (from UK)	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Industrial production growth rate	15.5% (1999 est.)	NA%
Industries	food, beverages, textiles, apparel assembly, handicrafts; construction; tourism	newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction
Infant mortality rate	82.57 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	total: 62.4 deaths/1,000 live births male: 68.51 deaths/1,000 live births female: 56.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	6.9% (2001 est.)	NA%
International organization participation	ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO	UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	10 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	High Court (chief justice appointed by the monarch); Court of Appeal; Magistrate's Court; customary or traditional court	Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force	700,000 economically active	48,800 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	86% of resident population engaged in subsistence agriculture; roughly 35% of the active male wage earners work in South Africa	-
Land boundaries	total: 909 km border countries: South Africa 909 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 10.71% permanent crops: 0% other: 89.29% (1998 est.)	arable land: NA% permanent crops: NA% other: NA%
Languages	Sesotho (southern Sotho), English (official), Zulu, Xhosa	Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population
Legal system	based on English common law and Roman-Dutch law; judicial review of legislative acts in High Court and Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	French law
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (33 members - 22 principal chiefs and 11 other members appointed by the ruling party) and the Assembly (120 seats, 80 by direct popular vote and 40 by proportional vote; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms); note - number of seats in the Assembly rose from 80 to 120 in the May 2002 election elections: last held 25 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - LCD 54%, BNP 21%, LPC 7%, other 18%; seats by party - LCD 76, BNP 21, LPC 5, other 18	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 21 and 28 March 2004 (next to be held NA 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - MDM 23.3%, UMP 22.8%, PS 10.2%, MRC 8.9%, FRAP 6.5%, MPM 1.2%; seats by party - MDM 6, UMP 9, MRC 2, MPM 1, diverse left 1 note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held as a special election in June 2005); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.08%, UDF 44.92%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 47 years male: 46.3 years female: 47.8 years (2002 est.)	total population: 61.39 years male: 59.22 years female: 63.62 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 83% male: 72% female: 93% (1999 est.)	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Southern Africa, an enclave of South Africa	Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique
Map references	Africa	Africa
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	The Lesotho Government in 1999 began an open debate on the future structure, size, and role of the armed forces, especially considering the Lesotho Defense Force's (LDF) history of intervening in political affairs.	defense is the responsibility of France; small contingent of French forces stationed on the island
Military branches	Lesotho Defense Force (LDF; including Army and Air Wing), Royal Lesotho Mounted Police	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$34 million (1999)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 526,332 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 283,203 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 4 October (1966)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Mosotho (singular), Basotho (plural) adjective: Basotho	noun: Mahorais (singular and plural) adjective: Mahoran
Natural hazards	periodic droughts	cyclones during rainy season
Natural resources	water, agricultural and grazing land, some diamonds and other minerals	NEGL
Net migration rate	-0.63 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	5.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Basotho Congress Party or BCP [Tseliso MAKHAKHE]; Basotho National Party or BNP [Maj. Gen. Justine Metsing LEKHANYA]; Lesotho Congress for Democracy or LCD [Phebe MOTEBANO, chairwoman; Pakalitha MOSISILI, leader] - the governing party; Lesotho People's Congress or LPC [Kelebone MAOPE]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Charles MOFELI]; Marematlou Freedom Party or MFP and Setlamo Alliance [Vincent MALEBO]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Chief Peete Nkoebe PEETE]; Sefate Democratic Party or SDP [Bofihla NKUEBE]	Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; FARC [leader NA]; Federation of Mahorans or RPR (UMP) [Mansour KAMARDINE]; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Mouhoutar SALIM]; Renewed Communist Party of Mayotte or MRC [Omar SIMBA]; Socialist Party or PS (local branch of French Parti Socialiste) [Ibrahim ABUBACAR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	2,207,954 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)	193,633 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	49% (1999 est.)	NA%
Population growth rate	1.33% (2002 est.)	3.93% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	none	Dzaoudzi
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (1998)	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001)
Radios	NA (2002)	-
Railways	total: 2.6 km; note - owned by, operated by, and included in the statistics of South Africa narrow gauge: 2.6 km 1.067-m gauge (1995)	-
Religions	Christian 80%, indigenous beliefs 20%	Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.18 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/female total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: rudimentary system domestic: consists of a few landlines, a small microwave radio relay system, and a minor radiotelephone communication system; a cellular mobile telephone system is growing international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications domestic: NA international: country code - 269; microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros (2001)
Telephones - main lines in use	22,200 (2000)	10,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	21,600 (2000)	21,700 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	1 (2000)	3 (2001)
Terrain	mostly highland with plateaus, hills, and mountains	generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks
Total fertility rate	4.01 children born/woman (2002 est.)	5.89 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	45% (2000 est.)	38% (1999)
Waterways	none	-

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