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Compare Kyrgyzstan (2004) - Aruba (2001)

Compare Kyrgyzstan (2004) z Aruba (2001)

 Kyrgyzstan (2004)Aruba (2001)
 KyrgyzstanAruba
Administrative divisions 7 provinces (oblastlar, singular - oblasty) and 1 city* (shaar); Batken Oblasty, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblasty (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblasty, Naryn Oblasty, Osh Oblasty, Talas Oblasty, Ysyk-Kol Oblasty (Karakol)


note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Age structure 0-14 years: 32.3% (male 835,599; female 804,384)


15-64 years: 61.6% (male 1,535,447; female 1,594,972)


65 years and over: 6.1% (male 120,555; female 190,472) (2004 est.)
0-14 years:
21.29% (male 7,709; female 7,193)

15-64 years:
68.52% (male 23,111; female 24,859)

65 years and over:
10.19% (male 2,954; female 4,181) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products tobacco, cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool aloes; livestock; fish
Airports 61 (2003 est.) 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 17


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 11


under 914 m: 2 (2003 est.)
total:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 44


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 37 (2003 est.)
-
Area total: 198,500 sq km


land: 191,300 sq km


water: 7,200 sq km
total:
193 sq km

land:
193 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than South Dakota slightly larger than Washington, DC
Background A Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions, Kyrgyzstan was annexed by Russia in 1864; it achieved independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Current concerns include: privatization of state-owned enterprises, expansion of democracy and political freedoms, interethnic relations, and combating terrorism. Discovered and claimed for Spain in 1499, Aruba was acquired by the Dutch in 1636. The island's economy has been dominated by three main industries. A 19th century gold rush was followed by prosperity brought on by the opening in 1924 of an oil refinery. The last decades of the 20th century saw a boom in the tourism industry. Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles in 1986 and became a separate, autonomous member of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Movement toward full independence was halted at Aruba's request in 1990.
Birth rate 22.13 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 12.64 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $371.5 million


expenditures: $387.1 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$541 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital Bishkek Oranjestad
Climate dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 68.5 km
Constitution adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by President AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 2 February 2003 significantly expands the powers of the president at the expense of the legislature 1 January 1986
Country name conventional long form: Kyrgyz Republic


conventional short form: Kyrgyzstan


local long form: Kyrgyz Respublikasy


local short form: none


former: Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Aruba
Currency Kyrgyzstani som (KGS) Aruban guilder/florin (AWG)
Death rate 7.19 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 6.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $1.5 billion (2002 est.) $285 million (1996)
Dependency status - part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Stephen M. YOUNG


embassy: 171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720016


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [996] (312) 551-241, (517) 777-217


FAX: [996] (312) 551-264
chief of mission:
Consul General Barbara J. STEPHENSON

embassy:
J. B. Gorsiraweg #1, Curacao

mailing address:
P. O. Box 158, Willemstad, Curacao

telephone:
[599] (9) 461-3066

FAX:
[599] (9) 461-6489
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Bakyt ABDRISAYEV


chancery: 1732 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007


telephone: [1] (202) 338-5141


FAX: [1] (202) 338-5139


consulate(s): New York
none (represented by the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Disputes - international boundary with China is fully demarcated; delimitation with Kazakhstan is largely complete with only minor disputed areas; disputes in Isfara Valley delay completion of delimitation with Tajikistan; delimitation is underway with Uzbekistan but serious disputes around enclaves and elsewhere continue to mar progress for some 130 km of border none
Economic aid - recipient $50 million from the US (2001) $26 million (1995); note - the Netherlands provided a $127 million aid package to Aruba and Suriname in 1996
Economy - overview Kyrgyzstan is a poor, mountainous country with a predominantly agricultural economy. Cotton, tobacco, wool, and meat are the main agricultural products, although only tobacco and cotton are exported in any quantity. Industrial exports include gold, mercury, uranium, and natural gas and electricity. Kyrgyzstan has been fairly progressive in carrying out market reforms, such as an improved regulatory system and land reform. Kyrgyzstan was the first CIS country to be accepted into the World Trade Organization. With fits and starts, inflation has been lowered to an estimated 7% in 2001, 2.1% in 2002, and 4.0% in 2003. Much of the government's stock in enterprises has been sold. Drops in production had been severe after the breakup of the Soviet Union in December 1991, but by mid-1995 production began to recover and exports began to increase. Kyrgyzstan has distinguished itself by adopting relatively liberal economic policies. The drop in output at the Kumtor gold mine sparked a 0.5% decline in GDP in 2002, but GDP growth bounced back to 6% in 2003. The government has made steady strides in controlling its substantial fiscal deficit and aims to reduce the deficit to 4.4 percent of GDP in 2004. The government and the international financial institutions have been engaged in a comprehensive medium-term poverty reduction and economic growth strategy. Further restructuring of domestic industry and success in attracting foreign investment are keys to future growth. Tourism is the mainstay of the Aruban economy, although offshore banking and oil refining and storage are also important. The rapid growth of the tourism sector over the last decade has resulted in a substantial expansion of other activities. Construction has boomed, with hotel capacity five times the 1985 level. In addition, the reopening of the country's oil refinery in 1993, a major source of employment and foreign exchange earnings, has further spurred growth. Aruba's small labor force and less than 1% unemployment rate have led to a large number of unfilled job vacancies, despite sharp rises in wage rates in recent years.
Electricity - consumption 10.46 billion kWh (2001) 418.5 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 2.25 billion kWh (2001) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 200 million kWh (2001) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 13.45 billion kWh (2001) 450 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m


highest point: Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m
lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mount Jamanota 188 m
Environment - current issues water pollution; many people get their water directly from contaminated streams and wells; as a result, water-borne diseases are prevalent; increasing soil salinity from faulty irrigation practices NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
-
Ethnic groups Kyrgyz 64.9%, Uzbek 13.8%, Russian 12.5%, Dungan 1.1%, Ukrainian 1%, Uygur 1%, other 5.7% (1999 census) mixed white/Caribbean Amerindian 80%
Exchange rates soms per US dollar - 43.6484 (2003), 46.9371 (2002), 48.378 (2001), 47.7038 (2000), 39.0077 (1999) Aruban guilders/florins per US dollar - 1.7900 (fixed rate since 1986)
Executive branch chief of state: President Askar AKAYEV (since 28 October 1990)


head of government: Prime Minister Nikolay TANAYEV (since 22 May 2002); note - Prime Minister Kurmanbek BAKIYEV resigned on 22 May 2002 when five demonstrators were killed in a clash with police in March of 2002; First Deputy Prime Minister Kubanychbek JUMALIYEV (since 19 March 2004)


cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: president reelected by popular vote for a five-year term; elections last held 29 October 2000 (next to be 30 October 2005); prime minister appointed by the president; note - President AKAYEV has publicly stated that he will not seek reelection when his current term expires in 2005


election results: Askar AKAYEV reelected president; percent of vote - Askar AKAYEV 74%, Omurbek TEKEBAYEV 14%, other candidates 12%; note - election marred by serious irregularities
chief of state:
Queen BEATRIX Wilhelmina Armgard of the Netherlands (since 30 April 1980), represented by Governor General Olindo KOOLMAN (since 1 January 1992)

head of government:
Prime Minister Jan (Henny) H. EMAN (since 29 July 1994) and Deputy Prime Minister Lili BEKE-MARTINEZ

cabinet:
Council of Ministers (elected by the Staten)

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed for a six-year term by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by the Staten for four-year terms; election last held 12 July 1997 (next to be held by December 2001)

election results:
Jan (Henny) H. EMAN elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA%; Lili BEKE-MARTINEZ elected deputy prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA%
Exports NA (2001) $2.2 billion (including oil reexports) (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities cotton, wool, meat, tobacco; gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, hydropower; machinery; shoes live animals and animal products, art and collectibles, machinery and electrical equipment, transport equipment
Exports - partners UAE 24.7%, Switzerland 20.3%, Russia 16.7%, Kazakhstan 9.8%, Canada 5.3%, China 4% (2003) US 42%, Colombia 20%, Netherlands 12% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description red field with a yellow sun in the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Kyrgyz tribes; on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise; in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of the roof of the traditional Kyrgyz yurt blue, with two narrow, horizontal, yellow stripes across the lower portion and a red, four-pointed star outlined in white in the upper hoist-side corner
GDP purchasing power parity - $7.808 billion (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $2 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 38.7%


industry: 22.9%


services: 38.4% (2003 est.)
agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $28,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 6.7% (2003 est.) 3.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 41 00 N, 75 00 E 12 30 N, 69 58 W
Geography - note landlocked; entirely mountainous, dominated by the Tien Shan range; many tall peaks, glaciers, and high-altitude lakes -
Highways total: 18,500 km


paved: 16,854 km (including 140 km of expressways)


unpaved: 1,646 km (1999 est.)
total:
800 km

paved:
513 km

unpaved:
287 km

note:
most coastal roads are paved, while unpaved roads serve large tracts of the interior (1995)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 3.2%


highest 10%: 27.7% (1999)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs limited illicit cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy for CIS markets; limited government eradication of illicit crops; transit point for Southwest Asian narcotics bound for Russia and the rest of Europe drug-money-laundering center and transit point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe
Imports NA (2001) $2.5 billion (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities oil and gas, machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs machinery and electrical equipment, crude oil for refining and reexport, chemicals; foodstuffs
Imports - partners Russia 24.7%, Kazakhstan 24%, China 10.3%, US 6.7%, Uzbekistan 5.5%, Germany 5.3% (2003) US 63%, Netherlands 11%, Netherlands Antilles 3%, Japan (1999)
Independence 31 August 1991 (from Soviet Union) none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Industrial production growth rate 6% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement, shoes, sawn logs, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, rare earth metals tourism, transshipment facilities, oil refining
Infant mortality rate total: 36.81 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 42.23 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 31.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
6.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.5% (2003 est.) 4.2% (2000 est.)
International organization participation AsDB, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMIL, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO Caricom (observer), ECLAC (associate), Interpol, IOC, UNESCO (associate), WCL, WToO (associate)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - NA
Irrigated land 10,740 sq km (1998 est.) 0.01 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges are appointed for 10-year terms by the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president); Constitutional Court; Higher Court of Arbitration Joint High Court of Justice (judges are appointed by the monarch)
Labor force 2.7 million (2000) 41,501 (1997 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 55%, industry 15%, services 30% (2000 est.) most employment is in wholesale and retail trade and repair, followed by hotels and restaurants; oil refining
Land boundaries total: 3,878 km


border countries: China 858 km, Kazakhstan 1,051 km, Tajikistan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,099 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 7.3%


permanent crops: 0.35%


other: 92.35%


note: Kyrgyzstan has the world's largest natural growth walnut forest (2001)
arable land:
7% (including aloe 0.01%)

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
93% (1993 est.)
Languages Kyrgyz - official language, Russian - official language


note: in December 2001, the Kyrgyzstani legislature made Russian an official language, equal in status to Kyrgyz
Dutch (official), Papiamento (a Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, English dialect), English (widely spoken), Spanish
Legal system based on civil law system based on Dutch civil law system, with some English common law influence
Legislative branch bicameral Supreme Council or Jorgorku Kenesh consists of the Assembly of People's Representatives (70 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Legislative Assembly (35 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - in accordance with a 2003 referendum, the Parliament is slated to become unicameral with 75 deputies after the 27 February 2005 elections


elections: Assembly of People's Representatives - last held 20 February and 12 March 2000 (next to be held NA February 2005); Legislative Assembly - last held 20 February and 12 March 2000; elections for the new unicameral body or Jorgorku Kenesh are to be held 27 February 2005)


election results: Assembly of People's Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; and Legislative Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - total seats by party in the Supreme Council were as follows: Union of Democratic Forces 12, Communists 6, My Country Party of Action 4, independents 73, other 10


note: the legislature became bicameral for the 5 February 1995 elections; the 2000 election results include both the Assembly of People's Representatives and the Legislative Assembly
unicameral Legislature or Staten (21 seats; members elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 12 December 1997 (next to be held by NA December 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - AVP 43%, MEP 39%, OLA 9% PPA 4%, ADN 2%, PARA 1%, MAS 0.5%; seats by party - AVP 10, MEP 9, OLA 2
Life expectancy at birth total population: 67.84 years


male: 63.84 years


female: 72.05 years (2004 est.)
total population:
78.52 years

male:
75.16 years

female:
82.04 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 99%


female: 96% (1989 est.)
definition:
NA

total population:
97%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Central Asia, west of China Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Venezuela
Map references Asia Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,120 GRT/3,635 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Military branches Army, Air and Air Defense, Security Forces, Border Troops Royal Dutch Navy and Marines, Coast Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure $19.2 million (FY01) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.4% (FY01) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 1,347,312 (2004 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 1,091,548 (2004 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 59,759 (2004 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 31 August (1991) Flag Day, 18 March
Nationality noun: Kyrgyzstani(s)


adjective: Kyrgyzstani
noun:
Aruban(s)

adjective:
Aruban; Dutch
Natural hazards NA lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt
Natural resources abundant hydropower; significant deposits of gold and rare earth metals; locally exploitable coal, oil, and natural gas; other deposits of nepheline, mercury, bismuth, lead, and zinc NEGL; white sandy beaches
Net migration rate -2.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) NEGL
Pipelines gas 367 km; oil 13 km (2004) -
Political parties and leaders Adilet (Justice) Party [Toychubek KASYMOV]; Agrarian Labor Party of Kyrgyzstan [Uson SYDYKOV]; Agrarian Party of Kyrgyzstan [Erkin ALIYEV]; Alga, Kyrgyzstan (Forward, Kyrgyzstan) [Bolot BEGALIYEV]; Ar-Namys (Dignity) Party [Emil ALIYEV]; Asaba (Banner National Revival Party) [Azimbek BEKNAZAROV]; Ata-Meken (Fatherland) [Omurbek TEKEBAYEV]; Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan [Klara ADZHIBEKOVA]; Democratic Movement of Kyrgyzstan or DDK [Jypar JEKSHEYEV]; Erkin Kyrgyzstan Progressive and Democratic Party [Bektur ASANOV]; Erkindik (Freedom) Party [Topchubek TURGUNALIYEV]; Future of Kyrgyzstan [Balbak TULEBAYEV]; Jany Kyrgyzstan (New Kyrgyzstan) [Dosbol NUR UULU]; Kairan El [Dooronbek SADYKOV]; Kyrgyz National Party [Bakyt BESHIMOV]; Kyrgyzstan Kelechegi [Ruslan CHYNYBAYEV]; Manas El (Party of Spiritual Restoration) [Chingiz AITMATOV]; Moya Strana (My Country Party of Action) [Joomart OTORBAYEV]; Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan or KCP [Bakytbek BEKBOYEV]; Party of Justice and Progress [Muratbek IMANALIEV]; Party of Peasants [Esengul ISAKOV] Aruba Solidarity Movement or MAS [leader NA]; Aruban Democratic Party or PDA [Leo BERLINSKI]; Aruban Liberal Party or OLA [Glenbert CROES]; Aruban Patriotic Party or PPA [Benny NISBET]; Aruban People's Party or AVP [Tico CROES]; Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Nelson ODUBER]; For a Restructured Aruba Now or PARA [leader NA]; National Democratic Action or ADN [Pedro Charro KELLY]
Political pressure groups and leaders Council of Free Trade Unions; Kyrgyz Committee on Human Rights [Ramazan DYRYLDAYEV]; National Unity Democratic Movement; Union of Entrepreneurs NA
Population 5,081,429 (July 2004 est.) 70,007 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 50% (2003 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 1.25% (2004 est.) 0.64% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Balykchy (Ysyk-Kol or Rybach'ye) Barcadera, Oranjestad, Sint Nicolaas
Radio broadcast stations AM 12 (plus 10 repeater stations), FM 14, shortwave 2 (1998) AM 4, FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 50,000 (1997)
Railways total: 470 km


broad gauge: 470 km 1.520-m gauge (2003)
0 km
Religions Muslim 75%, Russian Orthodox 20%, other 5% Roman Catholic 82%, Protestant 8%, Hindu, Muslim, Confucian, Jewish
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female


total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.07 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.93 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.71 male(s)/female

total population:
0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: poorly developed; about 100,000 unsatisfied applications for household telephones


domestic: principally microwave radio relay; one cellular provider, probably limited to Bishkek region


international: country code - 996; connections with other CIS countries by landline or microwave radio relay and with other countries by leased connections with Moscow international gateway switch and by satellite; satellite earth stations - 1 Intersputnik and 1 Intelsat; connected internationally by the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic line
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
more than adequate

international:
1 submarine cable to Sint Maarten (Netherlands Antilles); extensive interisland microwave radio relay links
Telephones - main lines in use 394,800 (2002) 33,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 53,100 (2002) 3,402 (1997)
Television broadcast stations NA (repeater stations throughout the country relay programs from Russia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Turkey) (1997) 1 (1997)
Terrain peaks of Tien Shan and associated valleys and basins encompass entire nation flat with a few hills; scant vegetation
Total fertility rate 2.71 children born/woman (2004 est.) 1.8 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 7.2% (1999 est.) 0.6% (1999 est.)
Waterways 600 km (2004) none
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