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Compare Kuwait (2008) - Mozambique (2001)

Compare Kuwait (2008) z Mozambique (2001)

 Kuwait (2008)Mozambique (2001)
 KuwaitMozambique
Administrative divisions 6 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Al Ahmadi, Al 'Asimah, Al Farwaniyah, Al Jahra', Hawalli, Mubarak Al Kabir 10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia
Age structure 0-14 years: 26.7% (male 340,814/female 328,663)


15-64 years: 70.5% (male 1,128,231/female 636,967)


65 years and over: 2.8% (male 44,542/female 26,342) (2007 est.)
0-14 years:
42.72% (male 4,124,093; female 4,152,135)

15-64 years:
54.53% (male 5,222,477; female 5,339,615)

65 years and over:
2.75% (male 221,678; female 311,059) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products practically no crops; fish cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca), corn, rice, coconuts, sisal, tropical fruits; beef, poultry
Airports 7 (2007) 168 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
total:
22

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
10

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
5 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2007)
total:
146

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
16

914 to 1,523 m:
37

under 914 m:
92 (2000 est.)
Area total: 17,820 sq km


land: 17,820 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total:
801,590 sq km

land:
784,090 sq km

water:
17,500 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than New Jersey slightly less than twice the size of California
Background Britain oversaw foreign relations and defense for the ruling Kuwaiti AL-SABAH dynasty from 1899 until independence in 1961. Kuwait was attacked and overrun by Iraq on 2 August 1990. Following several weeks of aerial bombardment, a US-led, UN coalition began a ground assault on 23 February 1991 that liberated Kuwait in four days. Kuwait spent more than $5 billion to repair oil infrastructure damaged during 1990-91. The AL-SABAH family has ruled since returning to power in 1991, and reestablished an elected legislature that in recent years has become increasingly assertive. Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration by whites, economic dependence on South Africa, a severe drought, and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development. The ruling party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989, and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement with rebel forces ended the fighting in 1992.
Birth rate 21.95 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) 37.2 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $66.92 billion


expenditures: $36.39 billion (2007 est.)
revenues:
$466.9 million

expenditures:
$1.004 billion, including capital expenditures of $502.5 million (2000 est.)
Capital name: Kuwait


geographic coordinates: 29 22 N, 47 58 E


time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Maputo
Climate dry desert; intensely hot summers; short, cool winters tropical to subtropical
Coastline 499 km 2,470 km
Constitution approved and promulgated 11 November 1962 30 November 1990
Country name conventional long form: State of Kuwait


conventional short form: Kuwait


local long form: Dawlat al Kuwayt


local short form: Al Kuwayt
conventional long form:
Republic of Mozambique

conventional short form:
Mozambique

local long form:
Republica de Mocambique

local short form:
Mocambique

former:
Portuguese East Africa
Currency - metical (MZM)
Death rate 2.39 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) 24.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $33.61 billion (31 December 2007 est.) $1.4 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Alan MISENHEIMER


embassy: Bayan 36302, Area 14, Al-Masjed Al-Aqsa Street (near the Bayan palace), Kuwait City


mailing address: P. O. Box 77 Safat 13001 Kuwait; or PSC 1280 APO AE 09880-9000


telephone: [965] 259-1001


FAX: [965] 538-0282
chief of mission:
Ambassador Sharon P. WILKINSON

embassy:
Avenida Kenneth Kuanda 193, Maputo

mailing address:
P. O. Box 783, Maputo

telephone:
[258] (1) 492797

FAX:
[258] (1) 490114
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador SALIM al-Abdallah al-Jabir al-Sabah


chancery: 2940 Tilden Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 966-0702


FAX: [1] (202) 966-0517
chief of mission:
Ambassador Marcos Geraldo NAMASHULUA

chancery:
Suite 570, 1990 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 293-7146

FAX:
[1] (202) 835-0245
Disputes - international Kuwait and Saudi Arabia continue negotiating a joint maritime boundary with Iran; no maritime boundary exists with Iraq in the Persian Gulf none
Economic aid - recipient $2.6 million (2004) $1.04 billion (1998)
Economy - overview Kuwait is a small, rich, relatively open economy with self-reported crude oil reserves of about 104 billion barrels - 10% of world reserves. Petroleum accounts for nearly half of GDP, 95% of export revenues, and 80% of government income. High oil prices in recent years have helped build Kuwait's budget and trade surpluses and foreign reserves. As a result of this positive fiscal situation, the need for economic reforms is less urgent and the government has not earnestly pushed through new initiatives. Despite its vast oil reserves, Kuwait experienced power outages during the summer months in 2006 and 2007 because demand exceeded power generating capacity. Power outages are likely to worsen, given its high population growth rates, unless the government can increase generating capacity. In May 2007 Kuwait changed its currency peg from the US dollar to a basket of currencies in order to curb inflation and to reduce its vulnerability to external shocks. Before the peace accord of October 1992, Mozambique's economy was devastated by a protracted civil war and socialist mismanagement. In 1994, it ranked as one of the poorest countries in the world. Since then, Mozambique has undertaken a series of economic reforms. Almost all aspects of the economy have been liberalized to some extent. More than 900 state enterprises have been privatized. A value-added tax, introduced in 1999, launched the government's comprehensive tax reform program. Pending are much needed commercial code reform and greater private sector involvement in the transportation, telecommunications, and energy sectors. Since 1996, inflation has been low and foreign exchange rates relatively stable. Albeit from a small base, Mozambique's economy grew at an annual 10% rate in 1997-99, one of the highest growth rates in the world. Growth slowed and inflation rose in 2000 due to devastating flooding in the early part of the year. Both indicators should recover in 2001. The country depends on foreign assistance to balance the budget and to pay for a trade imbalance in which imports greatly outnumber exports. The trade situation should improve in the medium term, however, as trade and transportation links to South Africa and the rest of the region have been improved and sizeable foreign investments are beginning to materialize. Among these investments are metal production (aluminum, steel), natural gas, power generation, agriculture, fishing, timber, and transportation services. Mozambique has received a formal cancellation of a large portion of its external debt through an IMF initiative and is scheduled to receive additional relief.
Electricity - consumption 36.28 billion kWh (2005) 307 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2005) 1.9 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2005) 68 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 41.11 billion kWh (2005) 2.3 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
13.04%

hydro:
86.96%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 306 m
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Monte Binga 2,436 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources; some of world's largest and most sophisticated desalination facilities provide much of the water; air and water pollution; desertification a long civil war and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: Marine Dumping
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Kuwaiti 45%, other Arab 35%, South Asian 9%, Iranian 4%, other 7% indigenous tribal groups 99.66% (Shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika, Sena, Makua, and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08%
Exchange rates Kuwaiti dinars per US dollar - 0.2844 (2007), 0.29 (2006), 0.292 (2005), 0.2947 (2004), 0.298 (2003) meticais per US dollar - 17,331.0 (January 2001), 5,199.8 (2000), 12,775.1 (1999), 11,874.6 (1998), 11.543.6 (1997), 11,293.8 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Amir SABAH al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah (since 29 January 2006); Crown Prince NAWAF al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah


head of government: Prime Minister NASIR MUHAMMAD al-Ahmad al-Sabah (since 3 April 2007); First Deputy Prime Minister JABIR Mubarak al-Hamad al-Sabah (since 9 February 2006); Deputy Prime Ministers MUHAMMAD al-Sabah al-Salim al-Sabah (since 9 February 2006) and Faysal al-HAJJI (since 5 April 2007)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister and approved by the amir


elections: none; the amir is hereditary; the amir appoints the prime minister and deputy prime ministers
chief of state:
President Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO (since 6 November 1986); note - before being popularly elected, CHISSANO was elected president by Frelimo's Central Committee 4 November 1986 (reelected by the Committee 30 July 1989)

head of government:
Prime Minister Pascoal MOCUMBI (since NA December 1994)

cabinet:
Cabinet

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 3-5 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO reelected president; percent of vote - Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO 52.29%, Afonso DHLAKAMA 47.71%
Exports 2.2 million bbl/day (2004) $390 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities oil and refined products, fertilizers prawns 40%, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; bulk electricity (2000)
Exports - partners Japan 20.4%, South Korea 16.2%, Taiwan 10.8%, Singapore 9.7%, US 9%, Netherlands 5.3%, China 4.1% (2006) EU 27%, South Africa 26%, Zimbabwe 15%, India 12%, US 5%, Japan 4% (1999 est.)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a black trapezoid based on the hoist side; design, which dates to 1961, based on the Arab revolt flag of World War I three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book
GDP - purchasing power parity - $19.1 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 0.4%


industry: 54.7%


services: 44.9% (2007 est.)
agriculture:
44%

industry:
19%

services:
37% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5.6% (2007 est.) 3.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 29 30 N, 45 45 E 18 15 S, 35 00 E
Geography - note strategic location at head of Persian Gulf -
Heliports 4 (2007) -
Highways - total:
30,400 km

paved:
5,685 km

unpaved:
24,715 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
2.5%

highest 10%:
31.7% (1996-97)
Illicit drugs - Southern African transit point for South Asian hashish, South Asian heroin, and South American cocaine probably destined for the European and South African markets; producer of cannabis (for local consumption) and methaqualone (for export to South Africa)
Imports 2,611 bbl/day (2004) $1.4 billion (c.i.f., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities food, construction materials, vehicles and parts, clothing machinery and equipment, mineral products, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs, textiles (2000)
Imports - partners US 14.1%, Germany 7.9%, Japan 7.8%, Saudi Arabia 6.8%, China 5.7%, UK 5.4%, Italy 4.6% (2006) South Africa 44%, EU 16%, US 6.5%, Japan 6.5%, Pakistan 3%, India 3% (1999 est.)
Independence 19 June 1961 (from UK) 25 June 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate 0.8% (2007 est.) 7.2% (1999)
Industries petroleum, petrochemicals, cement, shipbuilding and repair, water desalination, food processing, construction materials food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), petroleum products, textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco
Infant mortality rate total: 9.47 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 10.48 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 8.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
139.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.9% (2007 est.) 11.4% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, BDEAC, CAEU, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNTAET, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 8 (2000)
Irrigated land 130 sq km (2003) 1,200 sq km (2000 est.)
Judicial branch High Court of Appeal Supreme Court (the court of final appeal; some of its professional judges are appointed by the president and some are elected by the Assembly); other courts include an Administrative Court, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courts

note:
although the constitution provides for the creation of a separate Constitutional Court, one has never been established; in its absence the Supreme Court reviews constitutional cases
Labor force 1.167 million


note: non-Kuwaitis represent about 80% of the labor force (2007 est.)
7.4 million (1997 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture 81%, industry 6%, services 13% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries total: 462 km


border countries: Iraq 240 km, Saudi Arabia 222 km
total:
4,571 km

border countries:
Malawi 1,569 km, South Africa 491 km, Swaziland 105 km, Tanzania 756 km, Zambia 419 km, Zimbabwe 1,231 km
Land use arable land: 0.84%


permanent crops: 0.17%


other: 98.99% (2005)
arable land:
4%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
56%

forests and woodland:
18%

other:
22% (1993 est.)
Languages Arabic (official), English widely spoken Portuguese (official), indigenous dialects
Legal system civil law system with Islamic law significant in personal matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly or Majlis al-Umma (50 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms; all cabinet ministers are also ex officio voting members of the National Assembly)


elections: last held 29 June 2006 (next election to be held in 2010)


election results: percent of vote by bloc - NA; seats by bloc - Islamic Bloc (Sunni) 17, Popular Bloc 9, National Action Bloc (liberals) 8, independents 16
unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (250 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote on a secret ballot to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 3-5 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - Frelimo 48.54%, Renamo-UE 38.81%; seats by party - Frelimo 133, Renamo-UE 117

note:
Renamo-UE ran as a multiparty coalition; none of the other opposition parties received the 5% required to win parliamentary seats
Life expectancy at birth total population: 77.36 years


male: 76.25 years


female: 78.52 years (2007 est.)
total population:
36.45 years

male:
37.25 years

female:
35.62 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 93.3%


male: 94.4%


female: 91% (2005 census)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
42.3%

male:
58.4%

female:
27% (1998 est.)
Location Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf, between Iraq and Saudi Arabia Southern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and Tanzania
Map references Middle East Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 38 ships (1000 GRT or over) 2,195,831 GRT/3,566,308 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 2, cargo 1, container 6, liquefied gas 5, livestock carrier 3, petroleum tanker 21


registered in other countries: 28 (Bahrain 3, Comoros 1, Liberia 1, Libya 1, Panama 1, Qatar 7, Saudi Arabia 6, UAE 8) (2007)
total:
3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,125 GRT/7,024 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 3 (2000 est.)
Military branches Land Forces, Kuwaiti Navy, Kuwaiti Air Force (Al-Quwwat al-Jawwiya al-Kuwaitiya), National Guard (2007) Army, Naval Command, Air and Air Defense Forces, Militia
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $35.1 million (2000 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 5.3% (2006) 1% (2000 est.)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
4,627,052 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
2,670,933 (2001 est.)
National holiday National Day, 25 February (1950) Independence Day, 25 June (1975)
Nationality noun: Kuwaiti(s)


adjective: Kuwaiti
noun:
Mozambican(s)

adjective:
Mozambican
Natural hazards sudden cloudbursts are common from October to April and bring heavy rain, which can damage roads and houses; sandstorms and dust storms occur throughout the year, but are most common between March and August severe droughts and floods occur in central and southern provinces; devastating cyclones
Natural resources petroleum, fish, shrimp, natural gas coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, graphite
Net migration rate 16.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines gas 269 km; oil 540 km; refined products 57 km (2007) crude oil 306 km; petroleum products 289 km

note:
not operating
Political parties and leaders none; formation of political parties is in practice illegal, but is not forbidden by law Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or Frelimo [Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO, chairman]; Mozambique National Resistance - Electoral Union (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana - Uniao Eleitoral) or Renamo-UE [Afonso DHLAKAMA, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders a number of political groups act as de facto parties; several legislative blocs operate in the National Assembly: tribal groups, merchants, Shi'a activists, Islamists, secular liberals and pro-government deputies; in mid-2006, a coalition of Islamists, liberals, and Shia campaigned successfully for electoral reform to reduce corruption NA
Population 2,505,559


note: includes 1,291,354 non-nationals (July 2007 est.)
19,371,057

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected; the 1997 Mozambican census reported a population of 16,099,246 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 70% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate 3.561%


note: this rate reflects a return to pre-Gulf crisis immigration of expatriates (2007 est.)
1.3% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Beira, Inhambane, Maputo, Nacala, Pemba, Quelimane
Radio broadcast stations AM 6, FM 11, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 13, FM 16, shortwave 12 (2000)
Radios - 730,000 (1997)
Railways - total:
3,131 km

narrow gauge:
2,988 km 1.067-m gauge; 143 km 0.762-m gauge (1994)
Religions Muslim 85% (Sunni 70%, Shi'a 30%), other (includes Christian, Hindu, Parsi) 15% indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 30%, Muslim 20%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.037 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.771 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.691 male(s)/female


total population: 1.526 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.71 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage NA years of age; universal (adult); note - males in the military or police are not allowed to vote; adult females were allowed to vote as of 16 May 2005; all voters must have been citizens for 20 years 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: the quality of service is excellent


domestic: new telephone exchanges provide a large capacity for new subscribers; trunk traffic is carried by microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, and open-wire and fiber-optic cable; a cellular telephone system operates throughout Kuwait, and the country is well supplied with pay telephones


international: country code - 965; linked to international submarine cable Fiber-Optic Link Around the Globe (FLAG); linked to Bahrain, Qatar, UAE via the Fiber-Optic Gulf (FOG) cable; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 2 Indian Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean), and 2 Arabsat
general assessment:
fair system but not available generally (telephone density is only 3.5 telephones for each 1,000 persons)

domestic:
the system consists of open-wire lines and trunk connection by microwave radio relay and tropospheric scatter

international:
satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 510,300 (2005) 65,354 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular 2.536 million (2006) 18,500 (2000)
Television broadcast stations 13 (plus several satellite channels) (1997) 1 (2000)
Terrain flat to slightly undulating desert plain mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west
Total fertility rate 2.86 children born/woman (2007 est.) 4.82 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 2.2% (2004 est.) 21% (1997 est.)
Waterways - 3,750 km (navigable routes)
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