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Compare Kiribati (2002) - Monaco (2001)
Compare Kiribati (2002) z Monaco (2001)
| Kiribati (2002) | Monaco (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina) | none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 40.2% (male 19,588; female 19,092)
15-64 years: 56.6% (male 26,905; female 27,625) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 1,339; female 1,786) (2002 est.) |
0-14 years:
15.32% (male 2,503; female 2,375) 15-64 years: 62.23% (male 9,731; female 10,083) 65 years and over: 22.45% (male 2,921; female 4,229) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish | none |
| Airports | 21 (2001) | linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 4
1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 (2002) |
- |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 16
914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 4 (2002) |
- |
| Area | total: 811 sq km
land: 811 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands |
total:
1.95 sq km land: 1.95 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | four times the size of Washington, DC | about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | The Gilbert Islands were granted self-rule by the UK in 1971 and complete independence in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island groups in a 1979 treaty of friendship with Kiribati. | Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center. |
| Birth rate | 31.58 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 9.74 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $28.4 million
expenditures: $37.2 million, including capital expenditures of $NA million (2000 est.) (2000 est.) |
revenues:
$518 million expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995) |
| Capital | Tarawa | Monaco |
| Climate | tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds | Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers |
| Coastline | 1,143 km | 4.1 km |
| Constitution | 12 July 1979 | 17 December 1962 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati
conventional short form: Kiribati note: pronounced kir-ih-bahss former: Gilbert Islands |
conventional long form:
Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) |
| Death rate | 8.76 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $10 million (1999 est.) | $NA |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati; the ambassador to the Marshall Islands is accredited to Kiribati | the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | Kiribati does not have an embassy in the US; there is an honorary consulate in Honolulu | Monaco does not have an embassy in the US
consulate(s) general: New York |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $15.5 million (1995), largely from UK and Japan | $NA |
| Economy - overview | A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few national resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence from the UK in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets. Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. The financial sector is at an early stage of development as is the expansion of private sector initiatives. Foreign financial aid, from UK, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and China, is a critical supplement to GDP, equal to 25%-50% of GDP in recent years. Remittances from workers abroad account for more than $5 million each year. | Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough. |
| Electricity - consumption | 6.51 million kWh (2000) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2000) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2000) | NA kWh
note: electricity supplied by France (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 7 million kWh (2000) | - |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m |
lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mont Agel 140 m |
| Environment - current issues | heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; ground water at risk | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
| Ethnic groups | predominantly Micronesian with some Polynesian | French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21% |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997) | euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Teburoro TITO (since 1 October 1994); Vice President Beniamina TIINGA (since NA December 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Teburoro TITO (since 1 October 1994); Vice President Beniamina TIINGA (since NA December 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: 12-member Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the House of Parliament elections: the House of Parliament chooses the presidential candidates from among their members and then those candidates compete in a general election; president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 25 February 2003 (next to be held by November 2007); vice president appointed by the president election results: Teburoro TITO reelected president; percent of vote - Teburoro TITO 50.4%, Taberannang TIMEON 48.4%, Bakeua Bakeua TEKITA 1.2% |
chief of state:
Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958) head of government: Minister of State Patrick LECLERQUE (since 5 January 2000) cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government |
| Exports | $6 million f.o.b. (1998) | $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France |
| Exports - commodities | copra 62%, coconuts, seaweed, fish | - |
| Exports - partners | Japan, Bangladesh, US, Australia, Brazil, Poland (2000) | - |
| Fiscal year | NA | calendar year |
| Flag description | the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean | two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $79 million (2001 est.), supplemented by a nearly equal amount from external sources (2001 est.) | purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 30%
industry: 7% services: 63% (1998 est.) |
agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $840 (2001 est.) | purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 1.5% (2001 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 1 25 N, 173 00 E | 43 44 N, 7 24 E |
| Geography - note | 21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru | second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban |
| Heliports | - | 1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille) |
| Highways | total: 670 km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km note: 27 km are paved in South Tarawa (2001) |
total:
50 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $44 million c.i.f. (1999) | $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France |
| Imports - commodities | foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous manufactured goods, fuel | - |
| Imports - partners | Australia, Japan, Fiji, Poland, US (2000) | - |
| Independence | 12 July 1979 (from UK) | 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 0.7% (1991 est.) | NA% |
| Industries | fishing, handicrafts | tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products |
| Infant mortality rate | 52.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) | 5.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.5% (2001 est.) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WTrO (applicant) | ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges at all levels are appointed by the president | Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council) |
| Labor force | 7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (1985 est.) | 30,540 (January 1994) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total:
4.4 km border countries: France 4.4 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 50.68% other: 49.32% (1998 est.) |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (urban area) |
| Languages | I-Kiribati, English (official) | French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque |
| Legal system | NA | based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | unicameral House of Parliament or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (42 seats; 39 elected by popular vote, one ex officio member - the attorney general, one appointed to represent Banaba, and one other; members serve four-year terms)
elections: first round elections last held 29 November 2002; second round elections held 6 December 2002 (next to be held by November 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - BTK 17, MTM 16, independents 7, other 2 (includes attorney general) |
unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 1 and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UND 18 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 60.54 years
male: 57.61 years female: 63.62 years (2002 est.) |
total population:
78.98 years male: 75.04 years female: 83.12 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
definition:
NA total population: 99% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | Oceania, group of 33 coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the equator; the capital Tarawa is about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia; note - on 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its territory lies in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (GMT +12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its jurisdiction lie on the other side of the International Date Line | Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy |
| Map references | Oceania | Europe |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea:
12 NM |
| Merchant marine | total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,291 GRT/1,295 DWT
ships by type: passenger/cargo 1 (2002 est.) |
none (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts are on all islands) | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $NA | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA% | - |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 12 July (1979) | National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November |
| Nationality | noun: I-Kiribati (singular and plural)
adjective: I-Kiribati |
noun:
Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s) adjective: Monegasque or Monacan |
| Natural hazards | typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level | NA |
| Natural resources | phosphate (production discontinued in 1979) | none |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 7.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON]; Maneaban Te Mauri Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; National Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG]
note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures |
National and Democratic Union or UND [leader NA]; National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA]; Rally for the Monegasque Family [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 96,335 (July 2002 est.) | 31,842 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 2.28% (2002 est.) | 0.46% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Banaba, Betio, English Harbour, Kanton | Monaco |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1
note: the shortwave station may be inactive (2002) |
AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998) |
| Radios | 17,000 (1997) | 34,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | total:
1.7 km standard gauge: 1.7 km 1.435-m gauge |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 52%, Protestant (Congregational) 40%, some Seventh-Day Adventist, Muslim, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, and Church of God (1999) | Roman Catholic 90% |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 21 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) note: Kiribati is being linked to the Pacific Ocean Cooperative Telecommunications Network, which should improve telephone service |
general assessment:
modern automatic telephone system domestic: NA international: no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 3,800 (1999) | 31,027 (1995) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (not reported to be active) (2002) | 5 (1998) |
| Terrain | mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs | hilly, rugged, rocky |
| Total fertility rate | 4.32 children born/woman (2002 est.) | 1.76 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 2%; underemployment 70% (1992 est.) | 3.1% (1998) |
| Waterways | 5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) | none |
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