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Compare Kenya (2002) - Qatar (2005)

Compare Kenya (2002) z Qatar (2005)

 Kenya (2002)Qatar (2005)
 KenyaQatar
Administrative divisions 7 provinces and 1 area*; Central, Coast, Eastern, Nairobi Area*, North Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley, Western 10 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Sa'id, Umm Salal
Age structure 0-14 years: 41.1% (male 6,462,430; female 6,327,457)


15-64 years: 56.1% (male 8,769,546; female 8,694,329)


65 years and over: 2.8% (male 385,361; female 499,612) (2002 est.)
0-14 years: 23.7% (male 104,453/female 100,295)


15-64 years: 72.9% (male 437,118/female 191,830)


65 years and over: 3.4% (male 21,599/female 7,756) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, tea, corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruit, vegetables; dairy products, beef, pork, poultry, eggs fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish
Airports 231 (2001) 4 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 19


over 3,047 m: 4


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 10


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 2


over 3,047 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 211


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 113


under 914 m: 83 (2002)
total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 582,650 sq km


land: 569,250 sq km


water: 13,400 sq km
total: 11,437 sq km


land: 11,437 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than twice the size of Nevada slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background Founding president and liberation struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led Kenya from independence until his death in 1978, when current President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI took power in a constitutional succession. The country was a de facto one-party state from 1969 until 1982 when the ruling Kenya African National Union (KANU) made itself the sole legal party in Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and external pressure for political liberalization in late 1991. The ethnically fractured opposition failed to dislodge KANU from power in elections in 1992 and 1997, which were marred by violence and fraud, but are viewed as having generally reflected the will of the Kenyan people. President MOI stepped down in December of 2002 following fair and peaceful elections. Mwai KIBAKI of the Democratic Party of Kenya defeated KANU candidate Uhuru KENYATTA and assumed the presidency following a campaign centered on an anticorruption platform. Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the amir, who had ruled the country since 1972. His son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, overthrew him in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Oil and natural gas revenues enable Qatar to have one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.
Birth rate 27.61 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 15.54 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues: $2.91 billion


expenditures: $2.97 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) (2000 est.)
revenues: $10.17 billion


expenditures: $7.61 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.2 billion (2004 est.)
Capital Nairobi Doha
Climate varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
Coastline 536 km 563 km
Constitution 12 December 1963, amended as a republic 1964; reissued with amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1997, and 2001 ratified by public referendum on 29 April 2003, endorsed by the Emir on 8 June 2004, effective on 9 June 2005
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Kenya


conventional short form: Kenya


former: British East Africa
conventional long form: State of Qatar


conventional short form: Qatar


local long form: Dawlat Qatar


local short form: Qatar


note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar
Currency Kenyan shilling (KES) -
Death rate 14.68 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 4.61 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $8 billion (2001 est.) $18.62 billion (2004 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Johnnie CARSON


embassy: US Embassy, P. O. Box 30137 Mombasa Road (near St. James Hospital), Nairobi


mailing address: Box 21A, Unit 64100, APO AE 09831


telephone: [254] (2) 537-800


FAX: [254] (2) 537-810
chief of mission: Ambassador Chase UNTERMEYER


embassy: Al-Luqta District, 22 February Road, Doha


mailing address: P. O. Box 2399, Doha


telephone: [974] 488 4101


FAX: [974] 488 4298
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Yusuf Abdulraham NZIBO


chancery: 2249 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 387-6101


FAX: [1] (202) 462-3829


consulate(s) general: offices in Los Angeles and New York are closed; mission to the UN remains open
chief of mission: Ambassador Nasir bin Hamad bin Mubarak al-KHALIFA


chancery: 4200 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600 and 274-1603


FAX: [1] (202) 237-0061


consulate(s) general: Houston
Disputes - international since colonial times, Kenya's administrative boundary has extended beyond its treaty boundary into Sudan creating the "Ilemi Triangle"; arms smuggling and Oromo rebel activities prompt strict border regime with Somalia none
Economic aid - recipient $457 million (1997) (1997) NA
Economy - overview Kenya, the regional hub for trade and finance in East Africa, is hampered by corruption and reliance upon several primary goods whose prices continue to decline. Following strong economic growth in 1995 and 1996, Kenya's economy has stagnated, with GDP growth failing to keep up with the rate of population growth. In 1997, the IMF suspended Kenya's Enhanced Structural Adjustment Program due to the government's failure to maintain reforms and curb corruption. A severe drought from 1999 to 2000 compounded Kenya's problems, causing water and energy rationing and reducing agricultural output. As a result, GDP contracted by 0.3% in 2000. The IMF, which had resumed loans in 2000 to help Kenya through the drought, again halted lending in 2001 when the government failed to institute several anticorruption measures. Despite the return of strong rains in 2001, weak commodity prices, endemic corruption, and low investment limited Kenya's economic growth to 1%, and Kenya is unlikely to see growth above 2% in 2002. Substantial IMF and other foreign support is essential to prevent a further decline in real per capita output. Oil and gas account for more than 55% of GDP, roughly 85% of export earnings, and 70% of government revenues. Oil and gas have given Qatar a per capita GDP about 80% of that of the leading West European industrial countries. Proved oil reserves of 16 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for 23 years. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 14 trillion cubic meters, more than 5% of the world total and third largest in the world. Long-term goals feature the development of offshore natural gas reserves to offset the ultimate decline in oil production. In recent years, Qatar has consistently posted trade surpluses largely because of high oil prices and increased natural gas exports, becoming one of the world's fastest growing and highest per-capita income countries.
Electricity - consumption 4.433 billion kWh (2000) 9.046 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 140 million kWh (2000) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 4.616 billion kWh (2000) 9.727 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 22%


hydro: 70%


nuclear: 0%


other: 8% (2000)
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Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Kenya 5,199 m
lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m


highest point: Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m
Environment - current issues water pollution from urban and industrial wastes; degradation of water quality from increased use of pesticides and fertilizers; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; poaching limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-African (Asian, European, and Arab) 1% Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14%
Exchange rates Kenyan shillings per US dollar - 78.597 (January 2002), 78.563 (2001), 76.176 (2000), 70.326 (1999), 60.367 (1998), 58.732 (1997) Qatari rials per US dollar - 3.64 (2004), 3.64 (2003), 3.64 (2002), 3.64 (2001), 3.64 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state: President Mwai KIBAKI (since 30 December 2002) and Vice President Michael Kijana WAMALWA (since 3 January 2003) note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Mwai KIBAKI (since 30 December 2002) and Vice President Michael Kijana WAMALWA (since 3 January 2003) note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; in addition to receiving the largest number of votes in absolute terms, the presidential candidate must also win 25% or more of the vote in at least five of Kenya's seven provinces and one area to avoid a runoff; election last held 27 December 2002 (next to be held NA December 2007); vice president appointed by the president


election results: President Mwai KIBAKI elected; percent of vote - Mwai KIBAKI 63%, Uhuru KENYATTA 30%
chief of state: Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa al-Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as crown prince, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad al-Thani, in a bloodless coup); Crown Prince TAMIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, third son of the monarch (selected Heir Apparent by the monarch on 5 August 2003); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of Minister of Defense and Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces


head of government: Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Khalifa al-Thani, brother of the monarch (since 30 October 1996); Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Khalifa al-Thani, brother of the monarch (since 20 January 1998); First Deputy Prime Minister HAMAD bin JASIM bin JABIR al-Thani (since 16 September 2003; also Foreign Minister since 1992); Second Deputy Prime Minister Abdallah bin Hamad al-ATTIYAH (since 16 September 2003; also Energy Minister since NA 1992)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary


note: in April 2003, Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Council (CMC), which has consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services; the first election for the CMC was held in March 1999
Exports $1.8 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.) NA
Exports - commodities tea, horticultural products, coffee, petroleum products, fish, cement liquefied natural gas (LNG), petroleum products, fertilizers, steel
Exports - partners UK 13.5%, Tanzania 12.5%, Uganda 12.0%, Germany 5.5% (2000) Japan 41.9%, South Korea 15.8%, Singapore 9.1%, India 5.4% (2004)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June 1 April - 31 March
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green; the red band is edged in white; a large warrior's shield covering crossed spears is superimposed at the center maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side
GDP purchasing power parity - $31 billion (2001 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 24%


industry: 13%


services: 63% (2000 est.)
agriculture: 0.3%


industry: 58.2%


services: 41.5% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $23,200 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 1% (2001 est.) 8.7% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 1 00 N, 38 00 E 25 30 N, 51 15 E
Geography - note the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa; glaciers are found on Mount Kenya, Africa's second highest peak; unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits
Heliports - 1 (2004 est.)
Highways total: 63,300 km


paved: 8,940 km


unpaved: 54,360 km (2001)
total: 1,230 km


paved: 1,107 km


unpaved: 123 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 2%


highest 10%: 37% (2000)
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs widespread harvesting of small plots of marijuana; transit country for South Asian heroin destined for Europe and North America; Indian methaqualone also transits on way to South Africa; significant potential for money-laundering activity given the country's status as a regional financial center, massive corruption, and relatively high levels of narcotics-associated activities -
Imports $3.1 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.) NA
Imports - commodities machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum products, motor vehicles, iron and steel, resins and plastics machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals
Imports - partners UK 12%, UAE 9.8%, Japan 6.5%, India 4.4% (2000) France 26.6%, US 9.5%, Saudi Arabia 9.4%, UAE 6.3%, Germany 5.2%, Japan 5.2%, UK 5.1% (2004)
Independence 12 December 1963 (from UK) 3 September 1971 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate -0.7% (2001 est.) 10% (2003 est.)
Industries small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour), agricultural products processing; oil refining, cement; tourism crude oil production and refining, ammonia, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement, commercial ship repair
Infant mortality rate 67.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) total: 18.61 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.95 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 15.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.3% (2001 est.) 3% (2004 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNU, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WToO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 65 (2001) -
Irrigated land 670 sq km (1998 est.) 130 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal (chief justice is appointed by the president); High Court Court of Appeal


note: under the new judiciary law issued in 2003, the former two court systems, civil and Islamic law, were merged under a higher court, the Court of Cassation, established for appeals
Labor force 10 million (2001 est.) 140,000 (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 75%-80% -
Land boundaries total: 3,477 km


border countries: Ethiopia 861 km, Somalia 682 km, Sudan 232 km, Tanzania 769 km, Uganda 933 km
total: 60 km


border countries: Saudi Arabia 60 km
Land use arable land: 7.03%


permanent crops: 0.91%


other: 92.06% (1998 est.)
arable land: 1.64%


permanent crops: 0.27%


other: 98.09% (2001)
Languages English (official), Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous languages Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language
Legal system based on Kenyan statutory law, Kenyan and English common law, tribal law, and Islamic law; judicial review in High Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; constitutional amendment of 1982 making Kenya a de jure one-party state repealed in 1991 discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law dominates family and personal matters
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (224 seats; 210 members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms, 12 so-called "nominated" members who are appointed by the president but selected by the parties in proportion to their parliamentary vote totals, 2 ex-officio members)


elections: last held 27 December 2002 (next to be held by early 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NARC 125, KANU 64, FORD-P 14, other 7; ex-officio 2; seats appointed by the president - NARC 7, KANU 4, FORD-P 1
unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats; members appointed)


note: no legislative elections have been held since 1970 when there were partial elections to the body; Council members have had their terms extended every four years since; the new constitution, which came into force on 8 June 2004, provides for a 45-member Consultative Council, or Majlis al-Shura; the public would elect two-thirds of the Majlis al-Shura; the amir would appoint the remaining members
Life expectancy at birth total population: 47.02 years


male: 46.2 years


female: 47.85 years (2002 est.)
total population: 73.67 years


male: 71.15 years


female: 76.32 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 78.1%


male: 86.3%


female: 70% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 89%


male: 89.1%


female: 88.6% (2004 est.)
Location Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia
Map references Africa Middle East
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line
Merchant marine total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,893 GRT/6,320 DWT


ships by type: petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1 (2002 est.)
total: 22 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 525,051 GRT/772,635 DWT


by type: cargo 3, chemical tanker 5, container 8, liquefied gas 2, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 1


foreign-owned: 6 (Kuwait 6) (2005)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force Qatari Amiri Land Force (QALF), Qatari Amiri Navy (QAN), Qatari Amiri Air Force (QAAF)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $179.2 million (FY01) $723 million (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.8% (FY01) 10% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 7,938,865 (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 4,915,090 (2002 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 12 December (1963) Independence Day, 3 September (1971)
Nationality noun: Kenyan(s)


adjective: Kenyan
noun: Qatari(s)


adjective: Qatari
Natural hazards recurring drought; flooding during rainy seasons haze, dust storms, sandstorms common
Natural resources gold, limestone, soda ash, salt barites, rubies, fluorspar, garnets, wildlife, hydropower petroleum, natural gas, fish
Net migration rate -1.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population


note: according to UNHCR, by the end of 2001 Kenya was host to 220,000 refugees from neighboring countries, including: Somalia 145,000 and Sudan 68,000 (2002 est.)
15.17 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines petroleum products 483 km condensate 319 km; condensate/gas 209 km; gas 1,024 km; liquid petroleum gas 87 km; oil 702 km; oil/gas/water 41 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-People or FORD-People [Kimaniwa NYOIKE, chairman]; Kenya African National Union or KANU [Uhuru KENYATTA]; National Rainbow Coalition or NARC [Mwai KIBAKI] - the governing party none
Political pressure groups and leaders human rights groups; labor unions; Muslim organizations; National Convention Executive Council or NCEC, a proreform coalition of political parties and nongovernment organizations [Kivutha KIBWANA]; Protestant National Council of Churches of Kenya or NCCK [Mutava MUSYIMI]; Roman Catholic and other Christian churches; Supreme Council of Kenya Muslims or SUPKEM [Shaykh Abdul Gafur al-BUSAIDY, chairman] none
Population 31,138,735


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)
863,051 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line 50% (2000 est.) NA
Population growth rate 1.15% (2002 est.) 2.61% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Kisumu, Lamu, Mombasa Doha
Radio broadcast stations AM 24, FM 18, shortwave 6 (2001) AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios 3.07 million (1997) -
Railways total: 2,778 km


narrow gauge: 2,778 km 1.000-m gauge


note: the line connecting Nairobi with the port of Mombasa is the most important in the country
-
Religions Protestant 45%, Roman Catholic 33%, indigenous beliefs 10%, Muslim 10%, other 2%


note: a large majority of Kenyans are Christian, but estimates for the percentage of the population that adheres to Islam or indigenous beliefs vary widely
Muslim 95%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 2.28 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 2.78 male(s)/female


total population: 1.88 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: unreliable; little attempt to modernize except for service to business


domestic: trunks are primarily microwave radio relay; business data commonly transferred by a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system


international: satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat
general assessment: modern system centered in Doha


domestic: NA


international: country code - 974; tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat
Telephones - main lines in use 310,000 (2001) 184,500 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular 540,000 (2001) 376,500 (2003)
Television broadcast stations 8 (2002) 1 (plus three repeaters) (2001)
Terrain low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel
Total fertility rate 3.34 children born/woman (2002 est.) 2.87 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 40% (2001 est.) 2.7% (2001)
Waterways NA


note: part of the Lake Victoria system is within the boundaries of Kenya
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