Compare Guyana (2005) - Lesotho (2005)

Compare Guyana (2005) z Lesotho (2005)

	Guyana (2005)	Lesotho (2005)

Administrative divisions	10 regions; Barima-Waini, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Demerara-Mahaica, East Berbice-Corentyne, Essequibo Islands-West Demerara, Mahaica-Berbice, Pomeroon-Supenaam, Potaro-Siparuni, Upper Demerara-Berbice, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo	10 districts; Berea, Butha-Buthe, Leribe, Mafeteng, Maseru, Mohale's Hoek, Mokhotlong, Qacha's Nek, Quthing, Thaba-Tseka
Age structure	0-14 years: 26.4% (male 103,054/female 99,279) 15-64 years: 68.5% (male 263,953/female 260,000) 65 years and over: 5.1% (male 16,801/female 22,196) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 36.9% (male 346,930/female 342,459) 15-64 years: 57.6% (male 526,642/female 548,096) 65 years and over: 5.5% (male 42,003/female 60,905) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	sugarcane, rice, wheat, vegetable oils; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish, shrimp	corn, wheat, pulses, sorghum, barley; livestock
Airports	49 (2004 est.)	28 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)	total: 3 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 41 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 8 under 914 m: 32 (2004 est.)	total: 25 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 21 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 214,970 sq km land: 196,850 sq km water: 18,120 sq km	total: 30,355 sq km land: 30,355 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Idaho	slightly smaller than Maryland
Background	Originally a Dutch colony in the 17th century, by 1815 Guyana had become a British possession. The abolition of slavery led to black settlement of urban areas and the importation of indentured servants from India to work the sugar plantations. This ethnocultural divide has persisted and has led to turbulent politics. Guyana achieved independence from the UK in 1966, but until the early 1990s it was ruled mostly by socialist-oriented governments. In 1992, Cheddi JAGAN was elected president, in what is considered the country's first free and fair election since independence. Upon his death five years later, he was succeeded by his wife Janet, who resigned in 1999 due to poor health. Her successor, Bharrat JAGDEO, was reelected in 2001.	Basutoland was renamed the Kingdom of Lesotho upon independence from the UK in 1966. King MOSHOESHOE was exiled in 1990, but returned to Lesotho in 1992 and reinstated in 1995. Constitutional government was restored in 1993 after 23 years of military rule. In 1998, violent protests and a military mutiny following a contentious election prompted a brief but bloody intervention by South African and Botswanan military forces under the aegis of the Southern African Development Community. Constitutional reforms have since restored political stability; peaceful parliamentary elections were held in 2002.
Birth rate	18.45 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	26.53 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $287.6 million expenditures: $371.6 million, including capital expenditures of $93.4 million (2004 est.)	revenues: $698.5 million expenditures: $697.6 million, including capital expenditures of $15 million (2004 est.)
Capital	Georgetown	Maseru
Climate	tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two rainy seasons (May to mid-August, mid-November to mid-January)	temperate; cool to cold, dry winters; hot, wet summers
Coastline	459 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	6 October 1980	2 April 1993
Country name	conventional long form: Co-operative Republic of Guyana conventional short form: Guyana former: British Guiana	conventional long form: Kingdom of Lesotho conventional short form: Lesotho former: Basutoland
Death rate	8.32 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	25.03 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$1.2 billion (2002)	$735 million (2002)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Roland BULLEN embassy: 100 Young and Duke Streets, Kingston, Georgetown mailing address: P. O. Box 10507, Georgetown telephone: [592] 225-4900 through 4909 FAX: [592] 225-8497	chief of mission: Ambassador June Carter PERRY embassy: 254 Kingsway, Maseru West (Consular Section) mailing address: P. O. Box 333, Maseru 100, Lesotho telephone: [266] 22 312666 FAX: [266] 22 310116
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Bayney KARRAN chancery: 2490 Tracy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 265-6900 FAX: [1] (202) 232-1297 consulate(s) general: New York	chief of mission: Ambassador Molelekeng E. RAPOLAKI chancery: 2511 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 797-5533 through 5536 FAX: [1] (202) 234-6815
Disputes - international	all of the area west of the Essequibo (river) is claimed by Venezuela preventing any discussion of a maritime boundary; Guyana has expressed its intention to join Barbados in asserting claims before UNCLOS that Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into their waters; Suriname claims a triangle of land between the New and Kutari/Koetari rivers in a historic dispute over the headwaters of the Courantyne; Guyana seeks UNCLOS arbitration to resolve the long-standing dispute with Suriname over the axis of the territorial sea boundary in potentially oil-rich waters	none
Economic aid - donor	-	ODA $4.4 million
Economic aid - recipient	$84 million (1995), Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiative (HIPC) $253 million (1997)	$41.5 million (2000)
Economy - overview	The Guyanese economy exhibited moderate economic growth in 2001-02, based on expansion in the agricultural and mining sectors, a more favorable atmosphere for business initiatives, a more realistic exchange rate, fairly low inflation, and the continued support of international organizations. Growth then slowed in 2003 and came back gradually in 2004, buoyed largely by increased export earnings. Chronic problems include a shortage of skilled labor and a deficient infrastructure. The government is juggling a sizable external debt against the urgent need for expanded public investment. The bauxite mining sector should benefit in the near term from restructuring and partial privatization.	Small, landlocked, and mountainous, Lesotho relies on remittances from miners employed in South Africa and customs duties from the Southern Africa Customs Union for the majority of government revenue, but the government has strengthened its tax system to reduce dependency on customs duties. Completion of a major hydropower facility in January 1998 now permits the sale of water to South Africa, also generating royalties for Lesotho. As the number of mineworkers has declined steadily over the past several years, a small manufacturing base has developed based on farm products that support the milling, canning, leather, and jute industries and a rapidly growing apparel-assembly sector. The garment industry has grown significantly, mainly due to Lesotho qualifying for the trade benefits contained in the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act. The economy is still primarily based on subsistence agriculture, especially livestock, although drought has decreased agricultural activity. The extreme inequality in the distribution of income remains a major drawback. Lesotho has signed an Interim Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility with the IMF.
Electricity - consumption	751.4 million kWh (2002)	308 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	16 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2002)
Electricity - production	808 million kWh (2002)	314 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Roraima 2,835 m	lowest point: junction of the Orange and Makhaleng Rivers 1,400 m highest point: Thabana Ntlenyana 3,482 m
Environment - current issues	water pollution from sewage and agricultural and industrial chemicals; deforestation	population pressure forcing settlement in marginal areas results in overgrazing, severe soil erosion, and soil exhaustion; desertification; Highlands Water Project controls, stores, and redirects water to South Africa
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94 signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	East Indian 50%, black 36%, Amerindian 7%, white, Chinese, and mixed 7%	Sotho 99.7%, Europeans, Asians, and other 0.3%,
Exchange rates	Guyanese dollars per US dollar - 198.33 (2004), 193.88 (2003), 190.67 (2002), 187.32 (2001), 182.43 (2000)	maloti per US dollar - 6.4597 (2004), 7.5648 (2003), 10.5407 (2002), 8.6092 (2001), 6.9398 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Bharrat JAGDEO (since 11 August 1999); note - assumed presidency after resignation of President Janet JAGAN head of government: Prime Minister Samuel HINDS (since December 1997) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, responsible to the legislature elections: president elected by the majority party in the National Assembly following legislative elections, which must be held at least every five years; elections last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held by March 2006); prime minister appointed by the president election results: President Bharrat JAGDEO reelected; percent of legislative vote - NA%	chief of state: King LETSIE III (since 7 February 1996); note - King LETSIE III formerly occupied the throne from November 1990 to February 1995, while his father was in exile head of government: Prime Minister Pakalitha MOSISILI (since 23 May 1998) cabinet: Cabinet elections: none; according to the constitution, the leader of the majority party in the Assembly automatically becomes prime minister; the monarch is hereditary, but, under the terms of the constitution, which came into effect after the March 1993 election, the monarch is a "living symbol of national unity" with no executive or legislative powers; under traditional law the college of chiefs has the power to determine who is next in the line of succession, who shall serve as regent in the event that the successor is not of mature age, and may even depose the monarch
Exports	NA	NA
Exports - commodities	sugar, gold, bauxite/alumina, rice, shrimp, molasses, rum, timber	manufactures 75% (clothing, footwear, road vehicles), wool and mohair, food and live animals (2000)
Exports - partners	Canada 23.2%, US 19.2%, UK 10.9%, Portugal 9%, Belgium 6.4%, Jamaica 5.2% (2004)	US 97%, Canada 2.1%, UK 0.3% (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	green, with a red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a long, yellow arrowhead; there is a narrow, black border between the red and yellow, and a narrow, white border between the yellow and the green	divided diagonally from the lower hoist side corner; the upper half is white, bearing the brown silhouette of a large shield with crossed spear and club; the lower half is a diagonal blue band with a green triangle in the corner
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 38.3% industry: 19.9% services: 41.8% (2004 est.)	agriculture: 15.2% industry: 43.9% services: 40.9% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $3,800 (2004 est.)	purchasing power parity - $3,200 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	1.9% (2004 est.)	3.3% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates	5 00 N, 59 00 W	29 30 S, 28 30 E
Geography - note	the third-smallest country in South America after Suriname and Uruguay; substantial portions of its western and eastern territories are claimed by Venezuela and Suriname respectively	landlocked, completely surrounded by South Africa; mountainous, more than 80% of the country is 1,800 meters above sea level
Highways	total: 7,970 km paved: 590 km unpaved: 7,380 km (1999 est.)	total: 5,940 km paved: 1,087 km unpaved: 4,853 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: 0.9% highest 10%: 43.4%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for narcotics from South America - primarily Venezuela - to Europe and the US; producer of cannabis	-
Imports	NA	NA
Imports - commodities	manufactures, machinery, petroleum, food	food; building materials, vehicles, machinery, medicines, petroleum products (2000)
Imports - partners	Trinidad and Tobago 24.8%, US 24.5%, Cuba 6.8%, UK 5.4% (2004)	Hong Kong 46.8%, China 25.5%, South Korea 5.6%, Germany 4.8% (2004)
Independence	26 May 1966 (from UK)	4 October 1966 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	7.1% (1997 est.)	15.5% (1999)
Industries	bauxite, sugar, rice milling, timber, textiles, gold mining	food, beverages, textiles, apparel assembly, handicrafts; construction; tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 33.26 deaths/1,000 live births male: 36.94 deaths/1,000 live births female: 29.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	total: 84.23 deaths/1,000 live births male: 89.11 deaths/1,000 live births female: 79.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4.5% (2004 est.)	5.3% (2004 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, CSN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OIC, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO	ACP, AfDB, AU, C, The Commonwealth, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land	1,500 sq km (1998 est.)	10 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of Judicature; Judicial Court of Appeal; High Court	High Court (chief justice appointed by the monarch acting on the advice of the Prime Minister); Court of Appeal; Magistrate's Court; customary or traditional court
Labor force	418,000 (2001 est.)	838,000 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%	86% of resident population engaged in subsistence agriculture; roughly 35% of the active male wage earners work in South Africa
Land boundaries	total: 2,462 km border countries: Brazil 1,119 km, Suriname 600 km, Venezuela 743 km	total: 909 km border countries: South Africa 909 km
Land use	arable land: 2.44% permanent crops: 0.15% other: 97.41% (2001)	arable land: 10.87% permanent crops: 0.13% other: 89% (2001)
Languages	English, Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu	Sesotho (southern Sotho), English (official), Zulu, Xhosa
Legal system	based on English common law with certain admixtures of Roman-Dutch law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	based on English common law and Roman-Dutch law; judicial review of legislative acts in High Court and Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly (68 seats, 65 elected by popular vote, 1 elected Speaker of the National Assembly, and 2 nonvoting members appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held March 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPP/C 34, PNC 27, GAP and WPA 2, ROAR 1, TUF 1	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (33 members - 22 principal chiefs and 11 other members appointed by the ruling party) and the Assembly (120 seats, 80 by direct popular vote and 40 by proportional vote; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms); note - number of seats in the Assembly rose from 80 to 120 in the May 2002 election elections: last held 25 May 2002 (next to be held May 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - LCD 54%, BNP 21%, LPC 7%, other 18%; seats by party - LCD 76, BNP 21, LPC 5, other 18
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 65.5 years male: 62.86 years female: 68.28 years (2005 est.)	total population: 34.47 years male: 35.49 years female: 33.42 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98.8% male: 99.1% female: 98.5% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 84.8% male: 74.5% female: 94.5% (2003 est.)
Location	Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Suriname and Venezuela	Southern Africa, an enclave of South Africa
Map references	South America	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the outer edge of the continental margin	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 7,475 GRT/8,758 DWT by type: cargo 5, refrigerated cargo 1 registered in other countries: 3 (2005)	-
Military - note	-	the Lesotho Government in 1999 began an open debate on the future structure, size, and role of the armed forces, especially considering the Lesotho Defense Force's (LDF) history of intervening in political affairs
Military branches	Guyana Defense Force: Ground Forces, Coast Guard, Air Corps, Guyana People's Militia	Lesotho Defense Force (LDF): Army and Air Wing
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$6.5 million (2003)	$32.3 million (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	0.9% (2004)	2.3% (2004)
National holiday	Republic Day, 23 February (1970)	Independence Day, 4 October (1966)
Nationality	noun: Guyanese (singular and plural) adjective: Guyanese	noun: Mosotho (singular), Basotho (plural) adjective: Basotho
Natural hazards	flash floods are a constant threat during rainy seasons	periodic droughts
Natural resources	bauxite, gold, diamonds, hardwood timber, shrimp, fish	water, agricultural and grazing land, diamonds, sand, clay, building stone
Net migration rate	-7.51 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-0.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Alliance for Guyana or AFG (includes Guyana Labor Party or GLP and Working People's Alliance or WPA) [Rupert ROOPNARAINE]; Guyana Action Party or GAP [Paul HARDY]; Guyana Labor Party or GLP [leader NA]; People's National Congress or PNC [Robert Herman Orlando CORBIN]; People's Progressive Party/Civic or PPP/C [Bharrat JAGDEO]; Rise, Organize, and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; The United Force or TUF [Manzoor NADIR]; Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPNARAINE]	Basotholand African Congress or BAC [Khauhelo RALITAPOLE]; Basotholand Congress Party or BCP [Ntsukunyane MPHANYA]; Basotho National Party or BNP [Maj. Gen. Justine Metsing LEKHANYA]; Lesotho Congress for Democracy or LCD [Pakalitha MOSISILI] - the governing party; Lesotho People's Congress or LPC [Kelebone MAOPE]; Lesotho Workers Party of LWP [Macaefa BILLY]; Marematlou Freedom Party or MFP [Vincent MALEBO]; National Independent Party or NIP [Anthony MANYELI]; National Progressive Party or NPP [Chief Peete Nkoebe PEETE]; Popular Front for Democracy or PFD [Lekhetho RAKUOANE]; Sefate Democratic Party or SDP [Bofihla NKUEBE]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Civil Liberties Action Committee or CLAC; Guyana Council of Indian Organizations or GCIO; Trades Union Congress or TUC note: the GCIO and the CLAC are small and active but not well organized	NA
Population	765,283 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.)	1,867,035 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	49% (1999)
Population growth rate	0.26% (2005 est.)	0.08% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Georgetown	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (1998)
Railways	total: 187 km standard gauge: 139 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 48 km 0.914-m gauge note: all dedicated to ore transport (2001 est.)	-
Religions	Christian 50%, Hindu 35%, Muslim 10%, other 5%	Christian 80%, indigenous beliefs 20%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: fair system for long-distance service domestic: microwave radio relay network for trunk lines international: country code - 592; tropospheric scatter to Trinidad; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: rudimentary system domestic: consists of a modest but growing number of landlines, a small microwave radio relay system, and a minor radiotelephone communication system; a cellular mobile telephone system is growing international: country code - 266; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	80,400 (2002)	28,600 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	87,300 (2002)	92,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	3 (one public station; two private stations which relay US satellite services) (1997)	1 (2000)
Terrain	mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south	mostly highland with plateaus, hills, and mountains
Total fertility rate	2.05 children born/woman (2005 est.)	3.35 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	9.1% (understated) (2000)	45% (2002)
Waterways	1,077 km note: Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km respectively (2004)	-

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