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Compare Guyana (2001) - Ukraine (2005)

Compare Guyana (2001) z Ukraine (2005)

 Guyana (2001)Ukraine (2005)
 GuyanaUkraine
Administrative divisions 10 regions; Barima-Waini, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Demerara-Mahaica, East Berbice-Corentyne, Essequibo Islands-West Demerara, Mahaica-Berbice, Pomeroon-Supenaam, Potaro-Siparuni, Upper Demerara-Berbice, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo 24 provinces (oblasti, singular - oblast'), 1 autonomous republic* (avtonomna respublika), and 2 municipalities (mista, singular - misto) with oblast status**; Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Chernivtsi, Crimea or Avtonomna Respublika Krym* (Simferopol'), Dnipropetrovs'k, Donets'k, Ivano-Frankivs'k, Kharkiv, Kherson, Khmel'nyts'kyy, Kirovohrad, Kiev (Kyyiv)**, Kyyiv, Luhans'k, L'viv, Mykolayiv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne, Sevastopol'**, Sumy, Ternopil', Vinnytsya, Volyn' (Luts'k), Zakarpattya (Uzhhorod), Zaporizhzhya, Zhytomyr


note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
Age structure 0-14 years:
28.19% (male 100,194; female 96,309)

15-64 years:
66.89% (male 234,976; female 231,360)

65 years and over:
4.92% (male 15,324; female 19,018) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 15.6% (male 3,783,725/female 3,619,754)


15-64 years: 68.8% (male 15,619,989/female 16,992,628)


65 years and over: 15.6% (male 2,497,851/female 4,911,389) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products sugar, rice, wheat, vegetable oils; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; forest and fishery potential not exploited grain, sugar beets, sunflower seeds, vegetables; beef, milk
Airports 51 (2000 est.) 656 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
6

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total: 174


over 3,047 m: 13


2,438 to 3,047 m: 57


1,524 to 2,437 m: 30


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 70 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
45

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
8

under 914 m:
36 (2000 est.)
total: 482


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 34


under 914 m: 428 (2004 est.)
Area total:
214,970 sq km

land:
196,850 sq km

water:
18,120 sq km
total: 603,700 sq km


land: 603,700 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Idaho slightly smaller than Texas
Background Guyana achieved independence from the UK in 1966 and became a republic in 1970. In 1989 Guyana launched an Economic Recovery Program, which marked a dramatic reversal from a state-controlled, socialist economy towards a more open, free market system. Results through the first decade have proven encouraging. Ukraine was the center of the first Slavic state, Kievan Rus, which during the 10th and 11th centuries was the largest and most powerful state in Europe. Weakened by internecine quarrels and Mongol invasions, Kievan Rus was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and eventually into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The cultural and religious legacy of Kievan Rus laid the foundation for Ukrainian nationalism through subsequent centuries. A new Ukrainian state, the Cossack Hetmanate, was established during the mid-17th century after an uprising against the Poles. Despite continuous Muscovite pressure, the Hetmanate managed to remain autonomous for well over 100 years. During the latter part of the 18th century, most Ukrainian ethnographic territory was absorbed by the Russian Empire. Following the collapse of czarist Russia in 1917, Ukraine was able to bring about a short-lived period of independence (1917-20), but was reconquered and forced to endure a brutal Soviet rule that engineered two artificial famines (1921-22 and 1932-33) in which over 8 million died. In World War II, German and Soviet armies were responsible for some 7 to 8 million more deaths. Although final independence for Ukraine was achieved in 1991 with the dissolution of the USSR, democracy remained elusive as the legacy of state control and endemic corruption stalled efforts at economic reform, privatization, and civil liberties. A peaceful mass protest "Orange Revolution" in the closing months of 2004 forced the authorities to overturn a rigged presidential election and to allow a new internationally monitored vote that swept into power a reformist slate under Viktor YUSHCHENKO. The new government presents its citizens with hope that the country may at last attain true freedom and prosperity.
Birth rate 17.92 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 10.49 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues:
$220.1 million

expenditures:
$286.4 million, including capital expenditures of $86.6 million (1998)
revenues: $13.57 billion


expenditures: $12.26 billion, including capital expenditures of NA; note - these estimates probably do not include the government's doubling of pensions in September of 2004 (2004 est.)
Capital Georgetown Kiev (Kyyiv)
Climate tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two rainy seasons (May to mid-August, mid-November to mid-January) temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern Crimean coast; precipitation disproportionately distributed, highest in west and north, lesser in east and southeast; winters vary from cool along the Black Sea to cold farther inland; summers are warm across the greater part of the country, hot in the south
Coastline 459 km 2,782 km
Constitution 6 October 1980 adopted 28 June 1996
Country name conventional long form:
Co-operative Republic of Guyana

conventional short form:
Guyana

former:
British Guiana
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Ukraine


local long form: none


local short form: Ukrayina


former: Ukrainian National Republic, Ukrainian State, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
Currency Guyanese dollar (GYD) -
Death rate 8.87 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 16.42 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $1.1 billion (2000) $16.37 billion (2004 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Ronald D. GODARD

embassy:
100 Young and Duke Streets, Kingston, Georgetown

mailing address:
P. O. Box 10507, Georgetown

telephone:
[592] (2) 54900 through 54909, 57960 through 57969

FAX:
[592] (2) 58497
chief of mission: Ambassador John E. HERBST


embassy: 10 Yuriia Kotsiubynskoho Street, 04053 Kiev


mailing address: 5850 Kiev Place, Washington, DC 20521-5850


telephone: [380] (44) 490-4000


FAX: [380] (44) 490-4085
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Dr. Ali Odeen ISHMAEL

chancery:
2490 Tracy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 265-6900

consulate(s) general:
New York
chief of mission: Ambassador Mykhailo B. REZNIK


chancery: 3350 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20007


telephone: [1] (202) 349-2920


FAX: [1] (202) 333-0817


consulate(s) general: Chicago, New York, San Francisco
Disputes - international all of the area west of the Essequibo (river) claimed by Venezuela; Suriname claims area between New (Upper Courantyne) and Courantyne/Kutari [Koetari] rivers (all headwaters of the Courantyne) 1997 boundary treaty with Belarus remains un-ratified due to unresolved financial claims, stalling demarcation and reducing border security; delimitation of land boundary with Russia is complete but the parties have agreed to defer demarcation; maritime boundary through the Sea of Azov and Kerch Strait remains unresolved despite a December 2003 framework agreement and on-going expert-level discussions; Moldova and Ukraine have established joint customs posts to monitor transit through Moldova's break-away Transnistria Region which remains under OSCE supervision; Ukraine and Romania have taken their dispute over Ukrainian-administered Zmiyinyy (Snake) Island and Black Sea maritime boundary to the ICJ for adjudication; Romania opposes Ukraine's reopening of a navigation canal from the Danube border through the Ukraine to the Black Sea
Economic aid - recipient $84 million (1995), Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiative (HIPC) $253 million (1997) $637.7 million (1995); IMF Extended Funds Facility $2.2 billion (1998)
Economy - overview Severe drought and political turmoil contributed to Guyana's negative growth of -1.8% for 1998 following six straight years of growth of 5% or better. Growth came back to a positive 1.8% in 1999 and 3% in 2000. Underlying growth factors have included expansion in the key agricultural and mining sectors, a more favorable atmosphere for business initiative, a more realistic exchange rate, a moderate inflation rate, and continued support by international organizations. President JAGDEO, the former finance minister, is taking steps to reform the economy, including drafting an investment code and restructuring the inefficient and unresponsive public sector. Problems include a shortage of skilled labor and a deficient infrastructure. The government must persist in efforts to manage its sizable external debt and attract new investment. After Russia, the Ukrainian republic was far and away the most important economic component of the former Soviet Union, producing about four times the output of the next-ranking republic. Its fertile black soil generated more than one-fourth of Soviet agricultural output, and its farms provided substantial quantities of meat, milk, grain, and vegetables to other republics. Likewise, its diversified heavy industry supplied the unique equipment (for example, large diameter pipes) and raw materials to industrial and mining sites (vertical drilling apparatus) in other regions of the former USSR. Ukraine depends on imports of energy, especially natural gas, to meet some 85% of its annual energy requirements. Shortly after independence in December 1991, the Ukrainian Government liberalized most prices and erected a legal framework for privatization, but widespread resistance to reform within the government and the legislature soon stalled reform efforts and led to some backtracking. Output by 1999 had fallen to less than 40% of the 1991 level. Loose monetary policies pushed inflation to hyperinflationary levels in late 1993. Ukraine's dependence on Russia for energy supplies and the lack of significant structural reform have made the Ukrainian economy vulnerable to external shocks. Ukrainian government officials have taken some steps to reform the country's Byzantine tax code, such as the implementation of lower tax rates aimed at bringing more economic activity out of Ukraine's large shadow economy, but more improvements are needed, including closing tax loopholes and eliminating tax privileges and exemptions. Reforms in the more politically sensitive areas of structural reform and land privatization are still lagging. Outside institutions - particularly the IMF - have encouraged Ukraine to quicken the pace and scope of reforms. GDP in 2000 showed strong export-based growth of 6% - the first growth since independence - and industrial production grew 12.9%. The economy continued to expand in 2001 as real GDP rose 9% and industrial output grew by over 14%. Growth of 4.6% in 2002 was more moderate, in part a reflection of faltering growth in the developed world. In general, growth has been undergirded by strong domestic demand, low inflation, and solid consumer and investor confidence. Growth was a sturdy 9.3% in 2003 and a remarkable 12% in 2004, despite a loss of momentum in needed economic reforms.
Electricity - consumption 423.2 million kWh (1999) 132 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 1.2 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 455 million kWh (1999) 180 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
98.9%

hydro:
1.1%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Roraima 2,835 m
lowest point: Black Sea 0 m


highest point: Hora Hoverla 2,061 m
Environment - current issues water pollution from sewage and agricultural and industrial chemicals; deforestation inadequate supplies of potable water; air and water pollution; deforestation; radiation contamination in the northeast from 1986 accident at Chornobyl' Nuclear Power Plant
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds
Ethnic groups East Indian 49%, black 32%, mixed 12%, Amerindian 6%, white and Chinese 1% Ukrainian 77.8%, Russian 17.3%, Belarusian 0.6%, Moldovan 0.5%, Crimean Tatar 0.5%, Bulgarian 0.4%, Hungarian 0.3%, Romanian 0.3%, Polish 0.3%, Jewish 0.2%, other 1.8% (2001 census)
Exchange rates Guyanese dollars per US dollar - 184.1 (November 2000), 182.2 (2000), 178.0 (1999), 150.5 (1998), 142.4 (1997), 140.4 (1996) hryvnia per US dollar - 5.3192 (2004), 5.3327 (2003), 5.3266 (2002), 5.3722 (2001), 5.4402 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Bharrat JAGDEO (since 11 August 1999); note - assumed presidency after resignation of President JAGAN

head of government:
Prime Minister Samuel HINDS (since NA December 1997)

cabinet:
Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, responsible to the legislature

elections:
president elected by the majority party in the National Assembly following legislative elections, which must be held at least every five years; elections last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held NA); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
President Bharrat JAGDEO reelected; percent of legislative vote - NA%
chief of state: President Viktor A. YUSHCHENKO (since 23 January 2005)


head of government: Prime Minister Yuriy YEKHANUROV (since 22 September 2005); First Deputy Prime Minister - Stanislav STASHEVSKYY (since 27 September 2005)


cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president and approved by the Supreme Council


note: there is also a National Security and Defense Council or NSDC originally created in 1992 as the National Security Council, but significantly revamped and strengthened under former-President KUCHMA; the NSDC staff is tasked with developing national security policy on domestic and international matters and advising the president; a Presidential Administration that helps draft presidential edicts and provides policy support to the president; and a Council of Regions that serves as an advisory body


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; note - a special repeat runoff presidential election between Viktor YUSHCHENKO and Viktor YANUKOVYCH took place on 26 December 2004 after the earlier 21 November 2004 contest - won by Mr. YANUKOVYCH - was invalidated by the Ukrainian Supreme Court because of widespread and significant violations; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president and approved by the Supreme Council


election results: Viktor YUSHCHENKO elected president; percent of vote - Viktor YUSHCHENKO 51.99%, Viktor YANUKOVYCH 44.2%
Exports $570 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Exports - commodities sugar, gold, bauxite/alumina, rice, shrimp, molasses, rum, timber ferrous and nonferrous metals, fuel and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery and transport equipment, food products
Exports - partners US 22%, Canada 22%, UK 18%, Netherlands Antilles 11%, Jamaica (1999) Russia 18%, Germany 5.8%, Turkey 5.7%, Italy 5%, US 4.6% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description green, with a red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a long, yellow arrowhead; there is a narrow, black border between the red and yellow, and a narrow, white border between the yellow and the green two equal horizontal bands of azure (top) and golden yellow represent grainfields under a blue sky
GDP purchasing power parity - $3.4 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
34.7%

industry:
32.5%

services:
32.8% (1998 est.)
agriculture: 18%


industry: 45.1%


services: 36.9% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,800 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $6,300 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2000 est.) 12% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 5 00 N, 59 00 W 49 00 N, 32 00 E
Geography - note - strategic position at the crossroads between Europe and Asia; second-largest country in Europe
Heliports - 8 (2004 est.)
Highways total:
7,970 km

paved:
590 km

unpaved:
7,380 km (1996)
total: 169,679 km


paved: 164,249 km


unpaved: 5,430 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 3.7%


highest 10%: 23.2% (1999)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for narcotics from South America - primarily Venezuela - to Europe and the US; producer of cannabis limited cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy, mostly for CIS consumption; some synthetic drug production for export to the West; limited government eradication program; used as transshipment point for opiates and other illicit drugs from Africa, Latin America, and Turkey to Europe and Russia; Ukraine has improved anti-money-laundering controls, resulting in its removal from the Financial Action Task Force's (FATF's) Noncooperative Countries and Territories List in February 2004; Ukraine's anti-money-laundering regime continues to be monitored by FATF
Imports $660 million (c.i.f., 2000 est.) NA
Imports - commodities manufactures, machinery, petroleum, food energy, machinery and equipment, chemicals
Imports - partners US 29%, Trinidad and Tobago 18%, Netherlands Antilles 16%, UK 7%, Japan (1999) Russia 41.8%, Germany 9.6%, Turkmenistan 6.7% (2004)
Independence 26 May 1966 (from UK) 24 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union)
Industrial production growth rate 7.1% (1997 est.) 16.5% (2004 est.)
Industries bauxite, sugar, rice milling, timber, fishing (shrimp), textiles, gold mining coal, electric power, ferrous and nonferrous metals, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food processing (especially sugar)
Infant mortality rate 38.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 20.34 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.55 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 19.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 5.9% (2000 est.) 12% (2004 est.)
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CCC, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OIC, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO BSEC, CE, CEI, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, GUUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMEE, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNMOVIC, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer), ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 3 (2000) -
Irrigated land 1,300 sq km (1993 est.) 24,540 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Judicature; Judicial Court of Appeal; High Court Supreme Court; Constitutional Court
Labor force 245,492 (1992) 21.11 million (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% agriculture 24%, industry 32%, services 44% (1996)
Land boundaries total:
2,462 km

border countries:
Brazil 1,119 km, Suriname 600 km, Venezuela 743 km
total: 4,663 km


border countries: Belarus 891 km, Hungary 103 km, Moldova 939 km, Poland 526 km, Romania (south) 169 km, Romania (west) 362 km, Russia 1,576 km, Slovakia 97 km
Land use arable land:
2%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
84%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
arable land: 56.21%


permanent crops: 1.61%


other: 42.18% (2001)
Languages English, Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu Ukrainian (official) 67%, Russian 24%; small Romanian-, Polish-, and Hungarian-speaking minorities
Legal system based on English common law with certain admixtures of Roman-Dutch law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (65 seats, 53 elected by popular vote, 10 elected by the ten Regional Democratic Councils, and 2 elected by the National Congress of Local Democratic Organs; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2006)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPP/C 34, PNC 27, GAP and WPA 2, ROAR 1, TUF 1
unicameral Supreme Council or Verkhovna Rada (450 seats; under recent amendments to Ukraine's election law, the Rada's seats are allocated on a proportional basis to those parties that gain 3% or more of the national electoral vote; members serve five-year terms beginning with the next election in 2006)


elections: last held 31 March 2002 (next to be held March 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party/bloc - Our Ukraine 24%, CPU 20%, United Ukraine 12%, SPU 7%, Yuliya Tymoshenko Bloc 7%, United Social Democratic Party 6%, other 24%; seats by party/bloc - Our Ukraine 101, Regions of Ukraine 61, CPU 59, Working Ukraine 14, United Social Democratic Party 33, Agrarian Party 22, SPU 20, Yuliya Tymoshenko Bloc 19, United Ukraine 19, People's Democratic Party-Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs 16, Center Group 15, Democratic Initiatives 14, unaffiliated 57 (December 2004)


note: following the election, United Ukraine splintered into the Agrarian Party, European Choice, People's Choice, People's Democratic Party, Regions of Ukraine, and Working Ukraine-Industrialists and Entrepreneurs; these factions have since undergone a number of changes
Life expectancy at birth total population:
63.31 years

male:
60.52 years

female:
66.24 years (2001 est.)
total population: 69.68 years


male: 64.39 years


female: 75.31 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
98.1%

male:
98.6%

female:
97.5% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99.7%


male: 99.8%


female: 99.6% (2003 est.)
Location Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Suriname and Venezuela Eastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Poland, Romania, and Moldova in the west and Russia in the east
Map references South America Asia, Europe
Maritime claims continental shelf:
200 NM or to the outer edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m or to the depth of exploitation
Merchant marine total:
2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,929 GRT/4,507 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 2 (2000 est.)
total: 201 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 675,904 GRT/709,802 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 6, cargo 148, container 4, passenger 7, passenger/cargo 6, petroleum tanker 10, refrigerated cargo 11, roll on/roll off 7, specialized tanker 2


foreign-owned: 1 (Russia 1)


registered in other countries: 113 (2005)
Military branches Guyana Defense Force (GDF; includes Ground Forces, Coast Guard, and Air Corps), Guyana People's Militia (GPM), Guyana National Service (GNS), Guyana Police Force Ground Forces, Naval Forces, Air Forces (Viyskovo-Povitryani Syly), Air Defense Forces (2002)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $7 million (FY94) $617.9 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.7% (FY94) 1.4% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
204,938 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
154,259 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Republic Day, 23 February (1970) Independence Day, 24 August (1991); the date of 22 January (1918), the day Ukraine first declared its independence (from Soviet Russia), is now celebrated as Unity Day
Nationality noun:
Guyanese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Guyanese
noun: Ukrainian(s)


adjective: Ukrainian
Natural hazards flash floods are a constant threat during rainy seasons NA
Natural resources bauxite, gold, diamonds, hardwood timber, shrimp, fish iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas, oil, salt, sulfur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber, arable land
Net migration rate -8.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
People - note - the sex trafficking of Ukrainian women is a serious problem that has only recently been addressed
Pipelines - gas 20,069 km; oil 4,540 km; refined products 4,169 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders Alliance for Guyana or AFG (includes Guyana Labor Party or GLP and Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPNARINE]; Guyana Action Party or GAP [leader NA]; Guyana Labor Party or GLP [leader NA]; People's National Congress or PNC [Hugh Desmond HOYTE]; People's Progressive Party or PPP [Janet JAGEN]; Rise, Organize and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; The United Force or TUF [Manzoor NADIR]; Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPARNINE] Agrarian Party [Volodymyr LYTVYN]; Communist Party of Ukraine or CPU [Petro SYMONENKO]; Democratic Initiatives [Stepan HAVRYSH]; Industrialists and Entrepreneurs [Anatoliy KINAKH]; Our Ukraine bloc (comprised of several parties the most prominent of which are Rukh, the Ukrainian People's Party, Reforms and Order, and Solidarity) [Viktor YUSHCHENKO]; People's Democratic Party or PDP [Valeriy PUSTOVOYTENKO]; Regions of Ukraine [Viktor YANUKOVYCH]; Socialist Party of Ukraine or SPU [Oleksandr MOROZ, chairman]; United Social Democratic Party [Viktor MEDVEDCHUK]; Working Ukraine [Serhiy TYHYPKO]; Yuliya Tymoshenko Bloc [Yuliya TYMOSHENKO]


note: as well as numerous smaller parties; United Ukraine and Center Group are not actual political parties, but rather deputy groups (factions not based on a party)
Political pressure groups and leaders Civil Liberties Action Committee or CLAC; Guyana Council of Indian Organizations or GCIO; Rise, Organize and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; Trades Union Congress or TUC

note:
the GCIO and the CLAC are small and active but not well organized
NA
Population 697,181

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
47,425,336 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 29% (2003 est.)
Population growth rate 0.07% (2001 est.) -0.63% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Bartica, Georgetown, Linden, New Amsterdam, Parika Feodosiya, Kerch, Kherson, Mariupol', Mykolayiv, Odesa, Reni, Yuzhnyy
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 134, FM 289, shortwave 4 (1998)
Radios 420,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
187 km (all dedicated to ore transport)

standard gauge:
139 km 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge:
48 km 0.914-m gauge
total: 22,473 km


broad gauge: 22,473 km 1.524-m gauge (9,250 km electrified) (2004)
Religions Christian 50%, Hindu 33%, Muslim 9%, other 8% Ukrainian Orthodox - Kiev Patriarchate 19%, Orthodox (no particular jurisdiction) 16%, Ukrainian Orthodox - Moscow Patriarchate 9%, Ukrainian Greek Catholic 6%, Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox 1.7%, Protestant, Jewish, none 38% (2004 est.)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.81 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.51 male(s)/female


total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
fair system for long-distance calling

domestic:
microwave radio relay network for trunk lines

international:
tropospheric scatter to Trinidad; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: Ukraine's telecommunication development plan, running through 2005, emphasizes improving domestic trunk lines, international connections, and the mobile cellular system


domestic: at independence in December 1991, Ukraine inherited a telephone system that was antiquated, inefficient, and in disrepair; more than 3.5 million applications for telephones could not be satisfied; telephone density is now rising slowly and the domestic trunk system is being improved; the mobile cellular telephone system is expanding at a high rate


international: country code - 380; two new domestic trunk lines are a part of the fiber-optic Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) system and three Ukrainian links have been installed in the fiber-optic Trans-European Lines (TEL) project that connects 18 countries; additional international service is provided by the Italy-Turkey-Ukraine-Russia (ITUR) fiber-optic submarine cable and by earth stations in the Intelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik satellite systems
Telephones - main lines in use 70,000 (2000) 10,833,300 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 6,100 (2000) 4.2 million (2002)
Television broadcast stations 3 (one public station; two private stations which relay US satellite services) (1997) at least 33 (plus 21 repeaters that relay broadcasts from Russia) (1997)
Terrain mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south most of Ukraine consists of fertile plains (steppes) and plateaus, mountains being found only in the west (the Carpathians), and in the Crimean Peninsula in the extreme south
Total fertility rate 2.1 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.4 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 12% (1992 est.) 3.5% officially registered; large number of unregistered or underemployed workers; the International Labor Organization calculates that Ukraine's real unemployment level is around 9-10 percent (2004 est.)
Waterways 5,900 km (total length of navigable waterways)

note:
Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km, respectively
1,672 km (most on Dnieper River) (2004)
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