Compare Guatemala (2002) - Georgia (2002)

Compare Guatemala (2002) z Georgia (2002)

	Guatemala (2002)	Georgia (2002)

Administrative divisions	22 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango, Chiquimula, El Progreso, Escuintla, Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Izabal, Jalapa, Jutiapa, Peten, Quetzaltenango, Quiche, Retalhuleu, Sacatepequez, San Marcos, Santa Rosa, Solola, Suchitepequez, Totonicapan, Zacapa	9 regions, (mkharebi, singular - mkhare), 9 cities* (k'alak'ebi, singular - k'alak'i), and 2 autonomous republics (avtomnoy respubliki, singular - avtom respublika); Abkhazia or Ap'khazet'is Avtonomiuri Respublika (Sokhumi), Ajaria or Acharis Avtonomiuri Respublika** (Bat'umi), Chiat'ura, Gori, Guria, Imereti, Kakheti, K'ut'aisi, Kvemo Kartli, Mtskheta-Mtianeti, P'ot'i, Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, Rust'avi, Samegrelo and Zemo Svaneti, Samtskhe-Javakheti, Shida Kartli, T'bilisi, Tqibuli, Tsqaltubo, Zugdidi* note: the administrative centers of the 2 autonomous republics are shown in parentheses
Age structure	0-14 years: 41.8% (male 2,841,486; female 2,725,343) 15-64 years: 54.5% (male 3,629,363; female 3,630,273) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 227,369; female 260,245) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 19% (male 481,669; female 462,966) 15-64 years: 68.2% (male 1,631,351; female 1,752,230) 65 years and over: 12.8% (male 246,663; female 386,072) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	sugarcane, corn, bananas, coffee, beans, cardamom; cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens	citrus, grapes, tea, vegetables, potatoes; livestock
Airports	475 (2001)	31 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 11 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 2 (2002)	total: 16 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 3 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 455 464 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 9 914 to 1,523 m: 9 123 under 914 m: 115 331 (2002)	total: 15 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 6 (2002)
Area	total: 108,890 sq km land: 108,430 sq km water: 460 sq km	total: 69,700 sq km land: 69,700 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Tennessee	slightly smaller than South Carolina
Background	Guatemala was freed of Spanish colonial rule in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which had led to the death of more than 100,000 people and had created some 1 million refugees.	Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR until the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. Ethnic separation in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, poor governance, and Russian military bases deny the government effective control over the entirety of the state's internationally recognized territory. Despite myriad problems, progress on market reforms and democratization support the country's goal of greater integration with Western political, economic, and security institutions.
Birth rate	34.17 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	11.48 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $2.1 billion expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)	revenues: $499 million expenditures: $554 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
Capital	Guatemala	Tbilisi
Climate	tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands	warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast
Coastline	400 km	310 km
Constitution	31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986; note - suspended 25 May 1993 by former President SERRANO; reinstated 5 June 1993 following ouster of president; amended November 1993	adopted 17 October 1995
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Guatemala conventional short form: Guatemala local long form: Republica de Guatemala local short form: Guatemala	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Georgia local long form: none local short form: Sak'art'velo former: Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
Currency	quetzal (GTQ), US dollar (USD), others allowed	lari (GEL)
Death rate	6.67 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	14.61 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$4.5 billion (2001 est.)	$1.7 billion (2001)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador John Randle HAMILTON embassy: 7-01 Avenida Reforma, Zone 10, Guatemala City mailing address: APO AA 34024 telephone: [502] 331-1541/55 FAX: [502] 334-8477	chief of mission: Ambassador Richard MILES embassy: #25 Atoneli Street, T'bilisi 380026 mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [995] (32) 989-967/68 FAX: [995] (32) 933-759
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Antonio Fernando ARENALES Forno chancery: 2220 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 745-4952 FAX: [1] (202) 745-1908 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, and San Francisco	chief of mission: Ambassador Levan MIKELADZE chancery: Suite 300, 1615 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 387-2390 FAX: [1] (202) 393-6060
Disputes - international	the "Line of Adjacency", established as an agreed limit in 2000 to check squatters settling in Belize, remains in place while OAS assists states to resolve Guatemalan territorial claims in Belize and Guatemalan maritime access to the Caribbean Sea	Chechen and other insurgents transit Pankisi Gorge to infiltrate Akhmeti region; boundary with Russia has been largely delimited, but not demarcated; several small, strategic segments remain in dispute
Economic aid - recipient	$212 million (1995) (1995)	ODA $150 million (2000 est.)
Economy - overview	The agricultural sector accounts for about one-fourth of GDP, two-thirds of exports, and half of the labor force. Coffee, sugar, and bananas are the main products. Former President ARZU (1996-2000) worked to implement a program of economic liberalization and political modernization. The 1996 signing of the peace accords, which ended 36 years of civil war, removed a major obstacle to foreign investment. In 1998, Hurricane Mitch caused relatively little damage to Guatemala compared to its neighbors. Ongoing challenges include increasing government revenues, negotiating further assistance from international donors, and increasing the efficiency and openness of both government and private financial operations. Despite low international prices for Guatemala's main commodities, the economy grew by 3% in 2000 and 2.3% in 2001. Guatemala, along with Honduras and El Salvador, recently concluded a free trade agreement with Mexico and has moved to protect international property rights. However, the PORTILLO administration has undertaken a review of privatizations under the previous administration, thereby creating some uncertainty among investors.	Georgia's main economic activities include the cultivation of agricultural products such as citrus fruits, tea, hazelnuts, and grapes; mining of manganese and copper; and output of a small industrial sector producing alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages, metals, machinery, and chemicals. The country imports the bulk of its energy needs, including natural gas and oil products. Its only sizable internal energy resource is hydropower. Despite the severe damage the economy has suffered due to civil strife, Georgia, with the help of the IMF and World Bank, has made substantial economic gains since 1995, achieving positive GDP growth and curtailing inflation. However, the Georgian government suffers from limited resources due to a chronic failure to collect tax revenues. Georgia also suffers from energy shortages; it privatized the T'bilisi distribution network in 1998, but collection rates are low, making the venture unprofitable. The country is pinning its hopes for long-term growth on its role as a transit state for pipelines and trade. The start of construction on the Baku-T'bilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and the Baku-T'bilisi-Erzerum gas pipeline will bring much-needed investment and job opportunities in 2003.
Electricity - consumption	4.797 billion kWh (2000)	7.886 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	840 million kWh (2000)	200 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	123 million kWh (2000)	1.2 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	5.929 billion kWh (2000)	7.404 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 50% hydro: 45% nuclear: 0% other: 5% (2000)	fossil fuel: 21% hydro: 79% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Volcan Tajumulco 4,211 m	lowest point: Black Sea 0 m highest point: Mt'a Shkhara 5,201 m
Environment - current issues	deforestation in the Peten rainforest; soil erosion; water pollution	air pollution, particularly in Rust'avi; heavy pollution of Mtkvari River and the Black Sea; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil pollution from toxic chemicals
Environment - international agreements	party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol	party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Mestizo (mixed Amerindian-Spanish or assimilated Amerindian - in local Spanish called Ladino), approximately 55%, Amerindian or predominantly Amerindian, approximately 43%, whites and others 2%	Georgian 70.1%, Armenian 8.1%, Russian 6.3%, Azeri 5.7%, Ossetian 3%, Abkhaz 1.8%, other 5%
Exchange rates	quetzales per US dollar - 8.0165 (January 2002), 7.8586 (2001), 7.7632 (2000), 7.3856 (1999), 6.3947 (1998), 6.0653 (1997)	lari per US dollar - 2.1888 (January 2002), 2.0730 (2001), 1.9762 (2000), 2.0245 (1999), 1.3898 (1998), 1.2975 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Alfonso Antonio PORTILLO Cabrera (since 14 January 2000); Vice President Juan Francisco REYES Lopez (since 14 January 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Alfonso Antonio PORTILLO Cabrera (since 14 January 2000); Vice President Juan Francisco REYES Lopez (since 14 January 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 7 November 1999; runoff held 26 December 1999 (next to be held NA November 2003) election results: Alfonso Antonio PORTILLO Cabrera elected president; percent of vote - Alfonso Antonio PORTILLO Cabrera (FRG) 68%, Oscar BERGER Perdomo (PAN) 32%	chief of state: President Eduard Amvrosiyevich SHEVARDNADZE (previously elected chairman of the Government Council 10 March 1992; Council has since been disbanded; previously elected chairman of Parliament 11 October 1992; president since 26 November 1995); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Eduard Amvrosiyevich SHEVARDNADZE (previously elected chairman of the Government Council 10 March 1992; Council has since been disbanded; previously elected chairman of Parliament 11 October 1992; president since 26 November 1995); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: Eduard SHEVARDNADZE reelected president; percent of vote - Eduard SHEVARDNADZE 80%
Exports	$2.9 billion f.o.b. (2001)	$515 million (2002 est.)
Exports - commodities	coffee, sugar, bananas, fruits and vegetables, cardamom, meat, apparel, petroleum, electricity	scrap metal, machinery, chemicals; fuel reexports; citrus fruits, tea, wine
Exports - partners	US 57%, El Salvador 8.7%, Costa Rica 3.7%, Nicaragua 2.8%, Germany 2.6% (2000)	Russia 23.0%, Turkey 21.5%, Azerbaijan 3.3%, US 3.0%, Germany 2.5% (2001)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	three equal vertical bands of light blue (hoist side), white, and light blue with the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms includes a green and red quetzal (the national bird) and a scroll bearing the inscription LIBERTAD 15 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1821 (the original date of independence from Spain) all superimposed on a pair of crossed rifles and a pair of crossed swords and framed by a wreath	maroon field with small rectangle in upper hoist side corner; rectangle divided horizontally with black on top, white below
GDP	purchasing power parity - $48.3 billion (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $15 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 23% industry: 20% services: 57% (2000 est.)	agriculture: 20% industry: 25% services: 55% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $3,700 (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $3,100 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2.3% (2001 est.)	4% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	15 30 N, 90 15 W	42 00 N, 43 30 E
Geography - note	no natural harbors on west coast	strategically located east of the Black Sea; Georgia controls much of the Caucasus Mountains and the routes through them
Highways	total: 13,856 km paved: 4,370 km (including 140 km of expressways) unpaved: 9,486 km (1998)	total: 33,900 km paved: 29,500 km (includes some all-weather gravel-surfaced roads) unpaved: 4,400 km (these roads are made of unstabilized earth and are difficult to negotiate in wet weather) (1990)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 2% highest 10%: 46% (1998) (1998)	lowest 10%: 2% highest 10%: 28% (1996)
Illicit drugs	major transit country for cocaine and heroin; minor producer of illicit opium poppy and cannabis for mostly domestic consumption; proximity to Mexico makes Guatemala a major staging area for drugs (cocaine and heroin shipments); money laundering is a serious problem; corruption is a major problem	limited cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy, mostly for domestic consumption; used as transshipment point for opiates via Central Asia to Western Europe and Russia
Imports	$4.9 billion f.o.b. (2001)	$750 million (2002 est.)
Imports - commodities	fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, grain, fertilizers, electricity	fuels, machinery and parts, transport equipment, grain and other foods, pharmaceuticals
Imports - partners	US 35.2%, Mexico 12.6%, South Korea 7.9%, El Salvador 6.4%, Venezuela 3.9% (2000)	Turkey 15.3%, Russia 13.3%, Azerbaijan 10.7%, Germany 10.1%, US 4.1% (2001)
Independence	15 September 1821 (from Spain)	9 April 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Industrial production growth rate	4.1% (1999) (1999)	3% (2000)
Industries	sugar, textiles and clothing, furniture, chemicals, petroleum, metals, rubber, tourism	steel, aircraft, machine tools, electrical appliances, mining (manganese), chemicals, wood products, wine
Infant mortality rate	44.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	51.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	7.6% (2001) (2001)	5.2% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	BCIE, CACM, CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO	BSEC, CCC, CE, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	5 (2000)	6 (2000)
Irrigated land	1,250 sq km (1998 est.)	4,700 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (thirteen members serve concurrent five-year terms and elect a president of the Court each year from among their number; the president of the Supreme Court of Justice also supervises trial judges around the country, who are named to five-year terms); Constitutional Court or Corte de Constitutcionalidad (five judges are elected for concurrent five-year terms by Congress, each serving one year as president of the Constitutional Court; one is elected by Congress, one elected by the Supreme Court of Justice, one appointed by the President, one elected by Superior Counsel of Universidad San Carlos de Guatemala, and one by Colegio de Abogados)	Supreme Court (judges elected by the Supreme Council on the president's recommendation); Constitutional Court
Labor force	4.2 million (1999 est.)	2.1 million (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 50%, industry 15%, services 35% (1999 est.)	industry 20%, agriculture 40%, services 40% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 1,687 km border countries: Belize 266 km, El Salvador 203 km, Honduras 256 km, Mexico 962 km	total: 1,461 km border countries: Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km, Turkey 252 km
Land use	arable land: 12.54% permanent crops: 5.03% other: 82.43% (1998 est.)	arable land: 11.21% permanent crops: 4.09% other: 84.7% (1998 est.)
Languages	Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)	Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%, other 7% note: Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia
Legal system	civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	based on civil law system
Legislative branch	unicameral Congress of the Republic or Congreso de la Republica (113 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 7 November 1999 (next to be held NA November 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - FRG 63, PAN 37, ANN 9, DCG 2, UD/LOV 1, PLP 1; note - as of January 2003, the seat count is FRG 63, PAN 19, ANN 3, Unionista 10, URNG 5, UNE 6, independent 3, other 4 note: for the 7 November 1999 election, the number of congressional seats increased to 113 from 80; for the November 2003 election, the number of congressional seats will increase by 12-15 seats from the current 113	unicameral Supreme Council (commonly referred to as Parliament) or Umaghiesi Sabcho (235 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 31 October and 14 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - CUG 41.85%, AGUR 25.65%, IWSG 7.8%, all other parties received less than 7% each; seats by party - CUG 130, AGUR 58, IWSG 15, Abkhaz (government-in-exile) deputies 12, independents 17, other 3
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 66.85 years male: 64.16 years female: 69.66 years (2002 est.)	total population: 64.67 years male: 61.19 years female: 68.32 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 63.6% male: 68.7% female: 58.5% (2000 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 100% female: 98% (1989 est.)
Location	Middle America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Honduras and Belize and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Mexico	Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and Russia
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Asia
Maritime claims	continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	NA
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	total: 64 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 210,620 GRT/288,565 DWT ships by type: bulk 5, cargo 46, container 5, petroleum tanker 7, roll on/roll off 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belize 1, Bulgaria 1, Cyprus 1, Ecuador 1, Egypt 4, Gibraltar 1, Greece 5, Jordan 1, Latvia 1, Liberia 1, Malta 1, Panama 9, Romania 8, Russia 4, Saint Kitts and Nevis 3, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 3, Saudi Arabia 2, Syria 5, Turkey 2, Ukraine 7, United Arab Emirates 11, United Kingdom 1, United States 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	a CIS peacekeeping force of Russian troops is deployed in the Abkhazia region of Georgia together with a UN military observer group; a Russian peacekeeping battalion is deployed in South Ossetia
Military branches	Army, Navy (includes Marines), Air Force	Ground Forces (includes National Guard), combined Air and Air Defense Forces, Naval Forces, Republic Security and Police Forces (internal and border troops)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$120 million (FY99)	$23 million (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	0.6% (FY99)	0.59% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 3,186,894 (2002 est.)	males age 15-49: 1,300,259 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 2,080,504 (2002 est.)	males age 15-49: 1,027,407 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age	18 years of age (2002 est.)	18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 140,358 (2002 est.)	males: 41,561 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 15 September (1821)	Independence Day, 26 May (1918); note - 26 May 1918 is the date of independence from Soviet Russia, 9 April 1991 is the date of independence from the Soviet Union
Nationality	noun: Guatemalan(s) adjective: Guatemalan	noun: Georgian(s) adjective: Georgian
Natural hazards	numerous volcanoes in mountains, with occasional violent earthquakes; Caribbean coast extremely susceptible to hurricanes and other tropical storms	earthquakes
Natural resources	petroleum, nickel, rare woods, fish, chicle, hydropower	forests, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ore, copper, minor coal and oil deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important tea and citrus growth
Net migration rate	-1.79 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-2.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines	crude oil 275 km	crude oil 370 km; refined products 300 km; natural gas 440 km (1992)
Political parties and leaders	Authentic Integral Development or DIA [Eduardo SUGER]; Democratic Union or UD [Rodolfo PAIZ Andrade]; Green Party or LOV [Rodolfo ROSALES Garcis-Salaz]; Guatemalan Christian Democracy or DCG [Vinicio CEREZO Arevalo]; Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG [Secretary General Alba ESTELA Maldonado]; Guatemalan Republican Front or FRG [Efrain RIOS Montt]; Movement for Guatemalan Unity or MGU [Jacobo ARBENZ Villanueva]; Movement for Principals and Values or MPV [Francisco BIANCHI]; National Advancement Party or PAN [Secretary General Leonel LOPEZ Rodas]; National Unity for Hope or UNE [Alvarado COLOM Caballeros]; New Nation Alliance or ANN, formed by an alliance of DIA, URNG, and several splinter groups most of whom subsequently defected [led by three co-equal partners - Nineth Varenca MONTENEGRO Cottom, Rodolfo BAUER Paiz, and Jorge Antonio BALSELLS TUT]; Patriot Party or PP [retired General Otto PEREZ Molina]; Progressive Liberator Party or PLP [Acisclo VALLADARES Molina]; Reform Movement or MR [Secretary General Alfredo SKINNER-KLEE]; Unionista Party [leader NA]	Citizen's Union of Georgia or CUG [Zarab ZHVANIA]; Georgian People's Front [Nodar NATADZE]; Georgian United Communist Party or UCPG [Panteleimon GIORGADZE]; Greens [Giorgi GACHECHILADZE]; Industry Will Save Georgia or IWSG [Georgi TOPADZE]; Labor Party [Salva NATELASHVILI]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Irina SARISHVILI-CHANTURIA]; New National Movement [Mikheil SAAKASHVILI]; New Rightists [Levaii GACHECHILADZE]; Republican Party [David BERDZENISHVILI]; "Revival" Union Party or AGUR [Alsan ABASHIDZE]; Socialist Party or SPG [Irakli MINDELI]; Traditionalists [Akaki ASATIANI]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Agrarian Owners Group or UNAGRO; Alliance Against Impunity or AAI; Committee for Campesino Unity or CUC; Coordinating Committee of Agricultural, Commercial, Industrial, and Financial Associations or CACIF; Mutual Support Group or GAM	Georgian independent deputies from Abkhazia (Abkhaz faction in Georgian Parliament); separatist elements in the breakaway region of Abkhazia; supporters of the late ousted President Zviad GAMSAKHURDYA remain a source of opposition
Population	13,314,079 (July 2002 est.)	4,960,951 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	60% (2000 est.)	54% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate	2.57% (2002 est.)	-0.55% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Champerico, Puerto Barrios, Puerto Quetzal, San Jose, Santo Tomas de Castilla	Bat'umi, P'ot'i, Sokhumi
Radio broadcast stations	AM 130, FM 487, shortwave 15 (2000)	AM 7, FM 12, shortwave 4 (1998)
Radios	835,000 (1997)	3.02 million (1997)
Railways	total: 884 km narrow gauge: 884 km 0.914-m gauge (single-track) note: much of the railway is inoperable (2001 est.)	total: 1,583 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines broad gauge: 1,546 km 1.520-m gauge narrow gauge: 37 km 0.912-m gauge (2000 est.)
Religions	Roman Catholic, Protestant, indigenous Mayan beliefs	Georgian Orthodox 65%, Muslim 11%, Russian Orthodox 10%, Armenian Apostolic 8%, unknown 6%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.64 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal (active duty members of the armed forces may not vote and are restricted to their barracks on election day)	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: fairly modern network centered in the city of Guatemala domestic: NA international: connected to Central American Microwave System; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: NA domestic: local - T'bilisi and K'ut'aisi have cellular telephone networks; urban telephone density is about 20 per 100 people; rural telephone density is about 4 per 100 people; intercity facilities include a fiber-optic line between T'bilisi and K'ut'aisi; nationwide pager service is available international: Georgia and Russia are working on a fiber-optic line between P'ot'i and Sochi (Russia); present international service is available by microwave, landline, and satellite through the Moscow switch; international electronic mail and telex service are available
Telephones - main lines in use	665,061 (June 2000)	620,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	663,296 (September 2000)	185,500 (2000)
Television broadcast stations	26 (plus 27 repeaters) (1997)	12 (plus repeaters) (1998)
Terrain	mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau (Peten)	largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida Lowland
Total fertility rate	4.51 children born/woman (2002 est.)	1.48 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Transportation - note	-	transportation network is in poor condition resulting from ethnic conflict, criminal activities, and fuel shortages; network lacks maintenance and repair
Unemployment rate	7.5% (1999 est.)	17% (2001 est.)
Waterways	990 km note: 260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km navigable during highwater season	none

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