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Compare Greece (2003) - Malawi (2001)

Compare Greece (2003) z Malawi (2001)

 Greece (2003)Malawi (2001)
 GreeceMalawi
Administrative divisions 51 prefectures (nomoi, singular - nomos)and 1 autonomous region*; Agion Oros* (Mt. Athos), Achaia, Aitolia kai Akarmania, Argolis, Arkadia, Arta, Attiki, Chalkidiki, Chanion, Chios, Dodekanisos, Drama, Evros, Evrytania, Evvoia, Florina, Fokidos, Fthiotis, Grevena, Ileia, Imathia, Ioannina, Irakleion, Karditsa, Kastoria, Kavala, Kefallinia, Kerkyra, Kilkis, Korinthia, Kozani, Kyklades, Lakonia, Larisa, Lasithi, Lefkas, Lesvos, Magnisia, Messinia, Pella, Pieria, Preveza, Rethynnis, Rodopi, Samos, Serrai, Thesprotia, Thessaloniki, Trikala, Voiotia, Xanthi, Zakynthos 24 districts; Blantyre, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Chitipa, Dedza, Dowa, Karonga, Kasungu, Lilongwe, Machinga (Kasupe), Mangochi, Mchinji, Mulanje, Mwanza, Mzimba, Ntcheu, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Nsanje, Ntchisi, Rumphi, Salima, Thyolo, Zomba; note - there may be three new districts named Balaka, Likoma, and Phalombe
Age structure 0-14 years: 14.7% (male 811,080; female 761,728)


15-64 years: 67% (male 3,578,320; female 3,557,800)


65 years and over: 18.3% (male 866,425; female 1,090,636) (2003 est.)
0-14 years:
44.43% (male 2,348,940; female 2,337,290)

15-64 years:
52.78% (male 2,741,622; female 2,825,966)

65 years and over:
2.79% (male 119,283; female 175,149) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, olives, tomatoes, wine, tobacco, potatoes; beef, dairy products tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea, corn, potatoes, cassava (tapioca), sorghum, pulses; cattle, goats
Airports 79 (note - new Athens airport at Spata opened in March 2001) (2002) 44 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 66


over 3,047 m: 6


2,438 to 3,047 m: 15


1,524 to 2,437 m: 19


914 to 1,523 m: 17


under 914 m: 9 (2002)
total:
6

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 13


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 10 (2002)
total:
38

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
14

under 914 m:
23 (2000 est.)
Area total: 131,940 sq km


land: 130,800 sq km


water: 1,140 sq km
total:
118,480 sq km

land:
94,080 sq km

water:
24,400 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Alabama slightly smaller than Pennsylvania
Background Greece achieved its independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1829. During the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, it gradually added neighboring islands and territories, most with Greek-speaking populations. Following the defeat of Communist rebels in 1949, Greece joined NATO in 1952. A military dictatorship, which in 1967 suspended many political liberties and forced the king to flee the country, lasted seven years. Democratic elections in 1974 and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy; Greece joined the European Community or EC in 1981 (which became the EU in 1992). Established in 1891, the British protectorate of Nyasaland became the independent nation of Malawi in 1964. After three decades of one-party rule, the country held multiparty elections in 1994 under a provisional constitution, which took full effect the following year. National multiparty elections were held again in 1999.
Birth rate 9.79 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) 37.8 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $45 billion


expenditures: $47.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
revenues:
$490 million

expenditures:
$523 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY99/00 est.)
Capital Athens Lilongwe
Climate temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May to November)
Coastline 13,676 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 11 June 1975; amended March 1986 and April 2001 18 May 1994
Country name conventional long form: Hellenic Republic


conventional short form: Greece


local long form: Elliniki Dhimokratia


local short form: Ellas or Ellada


former: Kingdom of Greece
conventional long form:
Republic of Malawi

conventional short form:
Malawi

former:
British Central African Protectorate, Nyasaland Protectorate, Nyasaland
Currency euro (EUR)


note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Malawian kwacha (MWK)
Death rate 9.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) 22.81 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $63.4 billion (2002 est.) $2.9 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas J. MILLER


embassy: 91 Vasilissis Sophias Avenue, 101 60 Athens


mailing address: PSC 108, APO AE 09842-0108


telephone: [30] (210) 721-2951


FAX: [30] (210) 645-6282


consulate(s) general: Thessaloniki
chief of mission:
Ambassador Roger A. MEECE

embassy:
Area 40, Plot 24, Kenyatta Road

mailing address:
P. O. Box 30016, Lilongwe 3, Malawi

telephone:
[265] 773 166

FAX:
[265] 770 471
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Yeoryious SAVVAIDES


chancery: 2221 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 939-1300


FAX: [1] (202) 939-1324


consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco


consulate(s): Atlanta, Houston, and New Orleans
chief of mission:
Ambassador Paul Tony Steven KANDIERO

chancery:
2408 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 797-1007
Disputes - international Greece and Turkey have resumed discussions to resolve their complex maritime, air, territorial, and boundary disputes in the Aegean Sea; Cyprus question with Turkey; dispute with The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia over its name dispute with Tanzania over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi)
Economic aid - recipient $5.4 billion from EU $427 million (1999)
Economy - overview Greece has a mixed capitalist economy with the public sector accounting for half of GDP and with per capita GDP 70% of the leading euro-zone economies. Tourism provides 15% of GDP. Immigrants make up nearly one-fifth of the work force, mainly in menial jobs. Greece is a major beneficiary of EU aid, equal to about 3.3% of GDP. The economy has improved steadily with economic growth averaging 4% since 1997, exceeding EU growth by more than 1 percentage point. Remaining challenges include the reduction of the public debt, inflation, and unemployment; and further restructuring of the economy, including privatizing several state enterprises, undertaking pension and other reforms, and minimizing bureaucratic inefficiencies. The Olympic Games will be held in Athens in mid-2004. Landlocked Malawi ranks among the world's least developed countries. The economy is predominately agricultural, with about 90% of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for 37% of GDP and 85% of export revenues. The economy depends on substantial inflows of economic assistance from the IMF, the World Bank, and individual donor nations. In late 2000, Malawi was approved for relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) program. The government faces strong challenges, e.g., to fully develop a market economy, to improve educational facilities, to face up to environmental problems, and to deal with the rapidly growing problem of HIV/AIDS.
Electricity - consumption 48.8 billion kWh (2001) 950 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 1.062 billion kWh (2001) 3 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 3.562 billion kWh (2001) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 49.79 billion kWh (2001) 1.025 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 94.5%


hydro: 3.8%


nuclear: 0%


other: 1.7% (2001)
fossil fuel:
2.44%

hydro:
97.56%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mount Olympus 2,917 m
lowest point:
junction of the Shire River and international boundary with Mozambique 37 m

highest point:
Sapitwa 3,002 m
Environment - current issues air pollution; water pollution deforestation; land degradation; water pollution from agricultural runoff, sewage, industrial wastes; siltation of spawning grounds endangers fish populations
Environment - international agreements party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups Greek 98%, other 2%


note: the Greek Government states there are no ethnic divisions in Greece
Chewa, Nyanja, Tumbuko, Yao, Lomwe, Sena, Tonga, Ngoni, Ngonde, Asian, European
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 365.4 (2000), 305.65 (1999), 295.53 (1998)


note: in January 2001, the drachma became a participating currency within the Eurosystem, and the euro market rate became applicable to all transactions
Malawian kwachas per US dollar - 80.0946 (December 2000), 59.5438 (2000), 44.0881 (1999), 31.0727 (1998), 16.4442 (1997), 15.3085 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President Konstandinos (Kostis) STEPHANOPOULOS (since 10 March 1995)


head of government: Prime Minister Konstandinos SIMITIS (since 19 January 1996)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term; election last held 8 February 2000 (next to be held by NA February 2005); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Konstandinos STEPHANOPOULOS reelected president; percent of Parliament vote - 90%
chief of state:
President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
36-member Cabinet named by the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
Bakili MULUZI reelected president; percent of vote - Bakili MULUZI (UDF) 51.4%, Gwandaguluwe CHAKUAMBA (MCP-AFORD) 44.3%
Exports 84,720 bbl/day (2001) $416 million (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities food and beverages, manufactured goods, petroleum products, chemicals, textiles tobacco, tea, sugar, cotton, coffee, peanuts, wood products
Exports - partners Germany 10.4%, Italy 8.5%, UK 6.3%, Bulgaria 5.4%, US 5.3%, Cyprus 4.7% (2002) South Africa 16%, Germany 16%, US 15%, Netherlands 7%, Japan (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 July - 30 June
Flag description nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white; there is a blue square in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a white cross; the cross symbolizes Greek Orthodoxy, the established religion of the country three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green with a radiant, rising, red sun centered in the black band
GDP purchasing power parity - $203.3 billion (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $9.4 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 8.1%


industry: 22.3%


services: 69.3% (2002 est.)
agriculture:
37%

industry:
29%

services:
34% (1998 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $19,100 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $900 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4% (2002 est.) 3% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 39 00 N, 22 00 E 13 30 S, 34 00 E
Geography - note strategic location dominating the Aegean Sea and southern approach to Turkish Straits; a peninsular country, possessing an archipelago of about 2,000 islands landlocked
Heliports 7 (2002) -
Highways total: 117,000 km


paved: 107,406 km (including 470 km of expressways)


unpaved: 9,594 km (1999 est.)
total:
16,451 km

paved:
3,126 km

unpaved:
13,325 km (1997)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 3%


highest 10%: 25.3% (1993 est.)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime -
Imports 468,300 bbl/day (2001) $435 million (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities machinery, transport equipment, fuels, chemicals food, petroleum products, semimanufactures, consumer goods, transportation equipment
Imports - partners Germany 12.2%, Italy 11.5%, Russia 7.4%, South Korea 6%, France 5.7%, Netherlands 5.6%, US 4.7%, Belgium 4.3%, UK 4.1% (2002) South Africa 43%, Zimbabwe 14%, UK 5%, Germany 5%, Zambia, Japan, US (1999)
Independence 1829 (from the Ottoman Empire) 6 July 1964 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 7% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries tourism; food and tobacco processing, textiles; chemicals, metal products; mining, petroleum tobacco, tea, sugar, sawmill products, cement, consumer goods
Infant mortality rate total: 6.12 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 6.64 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.57 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
121.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.6% (2002 est.) 29.5% (2000)
International organization participation Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, G- 6, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNOMIG, UPU, WCO, WEU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 27 (2000) 8 (2001)
Irrigated land 14,220 sq km (1998 est.) 280 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Judicial Court; Special Supreme Tribunal; all judges appointed for life by the president after consultation with a judicial council Supreme Court of Appeal; High Court (chief justice appointed by the president, puisne judges appointed on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission); magistrate's courts
Labor force 4.37 million (2002 est.) 3.5 million
Labor force - by occupation industry 20%, agriculture 20%, services 59% (2000 est.) agriculture 86% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries total: 1,228 km


border countries: Albania 282 km, Bulgaria 494 km, Turkey 206 km, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 246 km
total:
2,881 km

border countries:
Mozambique 1,569 km, Tanzania 475 km, Zambia 837 km
Land use arable land: 22.12%


permanent crops: 8.47%


other: 69.41% (1998 est.)
arable land:
34%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
20%

forests and woodland:
39%

other:
7% (1993 est.)
Languages Greek 99% (official), English, French English (official), Chichewa (official), other languages important regionally
Legal system based on codified Roman law; judiciary divided into civil, criminal, and administrative courts based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament or Vouli ton Ellinon (300 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: elections last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held by NA May 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - PASOK 43.8%, ND 42.7%, KKE 5.5%, Coalition of the Left and Progress 3.2%; seats by party - PASOK 158, ND 125, KKE 11, Coalition of the Left and Progress 6; note - seats by party as of January 2002 - PASOK 156, ND 122, KKE 11, Coalition of the Left and Progress 6, independents 5
unicameral National Assembly (193 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - UDF 48%, MCP 34%, AFORD 15%, others 3%; seats by party - UDF 94, MCP 66, AFORD 29, others 4
Life expectancy at birth total population: 78.89 years


male: 76.32 years


female: 81.65 years (2003 est.)
total population:
37.08 years

male:
36.61 years

female:
37.55 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97.5%


male: 98.6%


female: 96.5% (2003 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
58%

male:
72.8%

female:
43.4% (1999 est.)
Location Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey Southern Africa, east of Zambia
Map references Europe Africa
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


territorial sea: 6 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total: 813 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 29,173,608 GRT/51,184,723 DWT


ships by type: bulk 289, cargo 59, chemical tanker 32, combination bulk 6, combination ore/oil 4, container 47, liquefied gas 7, passenger 14, petroleum tanker 281, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 18, short-sea passenger 49, specialized tanker 4, vehicle carrier 2


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Ireland 1, Japan 1, Liberia 1, Norway 1, Panama 2, Russia 1, Saudi Arabia 1, United Kingdom 1 (2002 est.)
-
Military branches Hellenic Army, Hellenic Navy, Hellenic Air Force, Police, National Guard Army (includes Air Wing and Naval Detachment), Police (includes paramilitary Mobile Force Unit)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $6.12 billion (FY99/00 est.) $9.5 million (FY00/01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 4.91% (FY99/00 est.) 0.76% (FY00/01)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 2,662,208 (2003 est.) males age 15-49:
2,466,708 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 2,026,409 (2003 est.) males age 15-49:
1,265,893 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age 21 years of age (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 74,650 (2003 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 25 March (1821) Independence Day, 6 July (1964)
Nationality noun: Greek(s)


adjective: Greek
noun:
Malawian(s)

adjective:
Malawian
Natural hazards severe earthquakes NA
Natural resources bauxite, lignite, magnesite, petroleum, marble, hydropower potential limestone, arable land, hydropower, unexploited deposits of uranium, coal, and bauxite
Net migration rate 1.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines gas 1,531 km; oil 108 km (2003) -
Political parties and leaders Coalition of the Left and Progress (Synaspismos) [Nikolaos KONSTANTOPOULOS]; Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Aleka PAPARIGA]; New Democracy or ND (conservative) [Konstandinos KARAMANLIS]; Panhellenic Socialist Movement or PASOK [Konstandinos SIMITIS] Alliance for Democracy or AFORD [Chakufwa CHIHANA, president]; Malawi Congress Party or MCP [Gwanda CHAKUAMBA, president, John TEMBO, vice president]; Malawi Democratic Party or MDP [Kampelo KALUA, president]; National Independence Party; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Eston KAKHOME, president]; United Democratic Front or UDF [Bakili MULUZI] - governing party
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 10,665,989 (July 2003 est.) 10,548,250

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 54% (FY90/91 est.)
Population growth rate 0.19% (2003 est.) 1.5% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Alexandroupolis, Elefsis, Irakleion (Crete), Kavala, Kerkyra, Chalkis, Igoumenitsa, Lavrion, Patrai, Peiraiefs (Piraeus), Thessaloniki, Volos Chipoka, Monkey Bay, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Chilumba
Radio broadcast stations AM 26, FM 88, shortwave 4 (1998) AM 9, FM 4 (plus 15 repeater stations), shortwave 3 (1998)
Radios - 2.6 million (1997)
Railways total: 2,571 km (764 km electrified)


standard gauge: 1,565 km 1.435-m gauge


narrow gauge: 961 km 1.000-m gauge; 22 km 0.750-m gauge


dual gauge: 23 km combined 1.435-m and 1.000-m gauges (three rail system) (2002)
total:
789 km

narrow gauge:
789 km 1.067-m gauge
Religions Greek Orthodox 98%, Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7% Protestant 55%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 20%, indigenous beliefs
Sex ratio at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.68 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate, modern networks reach all areas; good mobile telephone and international service


domestic: microwave radio relay trunk system; extensive open-wire connections; submarine cable to offshore islands


international: tropospheric scatter; 8 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Indian Ocean region)
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
fair system of open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and radiotelephone communications stations

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 5.431 million (1997) 37,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 937,700 (1997) 7,000 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 36 (plus 1,341 low-power repeaters); also two stations in the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (1995) 1 (1999)
Terrain mostly mountains with ranges extending into the sea as peninsulas or chains of islands narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains
Total fertility rate 1.35 children born/woman (2003 est.) 5.18 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 10.3% (2002 est.) NA%
Waterways 80 km


note: system consists of three coastal canals including the Corinth Canal (6 km) which crosses the Isthmus of Corinth connecting the Gulf of Corinth with the Saronic Gulf and shortens the sea voyage from the Adriatic to Peiraiefs (Piraeus) by 325 km; there are also three unconnected rivers
144 km

note:
on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire Riverall
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