Compare Djibouti (2007) - Niue (2007)

Compare Djibouti (2007) z Niue (2007)

	Djibouti (2007)	Niue (2007)

Administrative divisions	6 districts (cercles, singular - cercle); Ali Sabieh, Arta, Dikhil, Djibouti, Obock, Tadjourah	none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order
Age structure	0-14 years: 43.4% (male 107,957/female 107,233) 15-64 years: 53.2% (male 137,111/female 126,952) 65 years and over: 3.4% (male 8,626/female 8,495) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products	fruits, vegetables; goats, sheep, camels, animal hides	coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle
Airports	13 (2007)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 10 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 3 (2007)	-
Area	total: 23,000 sq km land: 22,980 sq km water: 20 sq km	total: 260 sq km land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Massachusetts	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. Hassan Gouled APTIDON installed an authoritarian one-party state and proceeded to serve as president until 1999. Unrest among the Afars minority during the 1990s led to a civil war that ended in 2001 following the conclusion of a peace accord between Afar rebels and the Issa-dominated government. In 1999, Djibouti's first multi-party presidential elections resulted in the election of Ismail Omar GUELLEH; he was re-elected to a second and final term in 2005. Djibouti occupies a strategic geographic location at the mouth of the Red Sea and serves as an important transshipment location for goods entering and leaving the east African highlands. The present leadership favors close ties to France, which maintains a significant military presence in the country, but is also developing stronger ties with the US. Djibouti hosts the only US military base in sub-Saharan Africa and is a front-line state in the global war on terrorism.	Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to an estimated 1,492 in 2007), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest.
Birth rate	39.07 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA
Budget	revenues: $135 million expenditures: $182 million (1999 est.)	revenues: $15.07 million expenditures: $16.33 million (FY0405)
Capital	name: Djibouti geographic coordinates: 11 35 N, 43 09 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	name: Alofi geographic coordinates: 19 01 S, 169 55 W time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	desert; torrid, dry	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
Coastline	314 km	64 km
Constitution	multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September 1992	19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Djibouti conventional short form: Djibouti local long form: Republique de Djibouti/Jumhuriyat Jibuti local short form: Djibouti/Jibuti former: French Territory of the Afars and Issas, French Somaliland	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Niue note: pronounciation falls between nyu-way and new-way, but not like new-wee former: Savage Island
Death rate	19.23 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA
Debt - external	$394 million (2004 est.)	$418,000 (2002 est.)
Dependency status	-	self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador W. Stuart SYMINGTON embassy: Plateau du Serpent, Boulevard Marechal Joffre, Djibouti mailing address: B. P. 185, Djibouti telephone: [253] 35 39 95 FAX: [253] 35 39 40	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Roble OLHAYE Oudine chancery: Suite 515, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005 telephone: [1] (202) 331-0270 FAX: [1] (202) 331-0302	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Disputes - international	Djibouti maintains economic ties and border accords with "Somaliland" leadership while maintaining some political ties to various factions in Somalia; thousands of Somali refugees await repatriation in UNHCR camps in Djibouti	none
Economic aid - recipient	$78.6 million (2005)	$2.6 million from New Zealand (2002)
Economy - overview	The economy is based on service activities connected with the country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast Africa. Two-thirds of the inhabitants live in the capital city; the remainder are mostly nomadic herders. Scanty rainfall limits crop production to fruits and vegetables, and most food must be imported. Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and an international transshipment and refueling center. Djibouti has few natural resources and little industry. The nation is, therefore, heavily dependent on foreign assistance to help support its balance of payments and to finance development projects. An unemployment rate of 50% continues to be a major problem. While inflation is not a concern, due to the fixed tie of the Djiboutian franc to the US dollar, the artificially high value of the Djiboutian franc adversely affects Djibouti's balance of payments. Per capita consumption dropped an estimated 35% over the last seven years because of recession, civil war, and a high population growth rate (including immigrants and refugees). Faced with a multitude of economic difficulties, the government has fallen in arrears on long-term external debt and has been struggling to meet the stipulations of foreign aid donors.	The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of emigration to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although the International Banking Repeal Act of 2002 resulted in the termination of all offshore banking licenses. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about US$2 million. Niue suffered a devastating typhoon in January 2004, which decimated nascent economic programs. While in the process of rebuilding, Niue has been dependent on foreign aid.
Electricity - consumption	186 million kWh (2005)	2.79 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	200 million kWh (2005)	3 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Lac Assal -155 m highest point: Moussa Ali 2,028 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m
Environment - current issues	inadequate supplies of potable water; limited arable land; desertification; endangered species	increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Somali 60%, Afar 35%, other 5% (includes French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian)	Niuen 78.2%, Pacific islander 10.2%, European 4.5%, mixed 3.9%, Asian 0.2%, unspecified 3% (2001 census)
Exchange rates	Djiboutian francs per US dollar - 174.75 (2006), 177.72 (2005), 177.72 (2004), 177.72 (2003), 177.72 (2002)	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.5408 (2006), 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Ismail Omar GUELLEH (since 8 May 1999) head of government: Prime Minister Mohamed Dileita DILEITA (since 4 March 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers responsible to the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 8 April 2005 (next to be held by April 2011); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Ismail Omar GUELLEH reelected president; percent of vote - Ismail Omar GUELLEH 100%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since May 2000) head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 12 May 2005 (next to be held in May 2008) election results: Young VIVIAN reelected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN 85%, O'Love JACOBSEN 15%
Exports	NA bbl/day	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	reexports, hides and skins, coffee (in transit)	canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts
Exports - partners	Somalia 66.2%, Ethiopia 21.4%, Yemen 3.4% (2006)	New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a red five-pointed star in the center	yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 17.9% industry: 22.5% services: 59.6% (2003 est.)	agriculture: 23.5% industry: 26.9% services: 49.5% (2003)
GDP - real growth rate	3.2% (2005 est.)	6.2% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates	11 30 N, 43 00 E	19 02 S, 169 52 W
Geography - note	strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland; Lac Assal (Lake Assal) is the lowest point in Africa	one of world's largest coral islands
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA bbl/day	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products	food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs
Imports - partners	Saudi Arabia 21.4%, India 17.9%, China 11%, Ethiopia 4.6% (2006)	New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2006)
Independence	27 June 1977 (from France)	on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand
Industrial production growth rate	3% (1996 est.)	NA%
Industries	construction, agricultural processing	tourism, handicrafts, food processing
Infant mortality rate	total: 100.77 deaths/1,000 live births male: 108.35 deaths/1,000 live births female: 92.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3% (2005 est.)	4% (2005)
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, ITUC, LAS, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO	ACP, FAO, IFAD, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
Irrigated land	10 sq km (2003)	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Cour Supreme	Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue
Labor force	282,000 (2000)	663 (2001)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	note: most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board
Land boundaries	total: 516 km border countries: Eritrea 109 km, Ethiopia 349 km, Somalia 58 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 99.96% (2005)	arable land: 11.54% permanent crops: 15.38% other: 73.08% (2005)
Languages	French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar	Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English
Legal system	based on French civil law system, traditional practices, and Islamic law; accepts ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations	English common law; note - Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws
Legislative branch	unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (65 seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms) elections: last held 10 January 2003 (next to be held in January 2008) election results: percent of vote - RPP 62.2%, FRUD 36.9%; seats - RPP 65; note - RPP (the ruling party) dominated the election	unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives) elections: last held 30 April 2005 (next to be held in April 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 43.25 years male: 41.88 years female: 44.65 years (2007 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 67.9% male: 78% female: 58.4% (2003 est.)	definition: NA total population: 95% male: NA female: NA
Location	Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga
Map references	Africa	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 1 ship (1000 GRT or over) 1,369 GRT/3,030 DWT by type: cargo 1 (2007)	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches	Djibouti National Army (includes Navy and Air Force)	no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	3.8% (2006)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 27 June (1977)	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	noun: Djiboutian(s) adjective: Djiboutian	noun: Niuean(s) adjective: Niuean
Natural hazards	earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods	typhoons
Natural resources	geothermal areas, gold, clay, granite, limestone, marble, salt, diatomite, gypsum, pumice, petroleum	fish, arable land
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA
Political parties and leaders	Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; Djibouti Development Party or PDD [Mohamed Daoud CHEHEM]; Front pour la Restauration de l'Unite Democratique or FRUD [Ali Mohamed DAOUD]; People's Progress Assembly or RPP [Ismail Omar GUELLEH] (governing party); Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Moumin Bahdon FARAH]; Republican Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Ahmed Dini AHMED]; Union for Democracy and Justice or UDJ	Alliance of Independents or AI; Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Union for Presidential Majority UMP (coalition includes RPP, FRUD, PPSD and PND); Union for Democratic Changeover or UAD (opposition coalition includes ARD, MRDD, UDJ, and PDD) [Ahmed Dini AHMED]	NA
Population	496,374 (July 2007 est.)	1,492 note: based on data for 2000 and 2001, which indicate a declining population trend that is assumed to continue (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	50% (2001 est.)	NA%
Population growth rate	1.984% (2007 est.)	-0.032% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2001)	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	total: 100 km (Djibouti segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railway) narrow gauge: 100 km 1.000-m gauge note: railway under joint control of Djibouti and Ethiopia (2006)	-
Religions	Muslim 94%, Christian 6%	Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 61.1%, Latter-Day Saints 8.8%, Roman Catholic 7.2%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2.4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.4%, other 8.4%, unspecified 8.7%, none 1.9% (2001 census)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.007 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.015 male(s)/female total population: 1.045 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	NA
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: telephone facilities in the city of Djibouti are adequate, as are the microwave radio relay connections to outlying areas of the country domestic: microwave radio relay network; mobile cellular coverage is limited to the area in and around Djibouti city international: country code - 253; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; Medarabtel regional microwave radio relay telephone network	domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island international: country code - 683 (2001)
Telephones - main lines in use	10,800 (2005)	1,100 (2002 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular	44,100 (2005)	400 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	1 (2001)	1 (1997)
Terrain	coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains	steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau
Total fertility rate	5.23 children born/woman (2007 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	50% (2004 est.)	12% (2001)

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