Compare Dhekelia (2008) - Tokelau (2001)

By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The larger of these is the Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Eastern Sovereign Base Area.

Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925. According to a UN report, these low-lying islands will disappear in the 21st century, if global warming continues to raise sea levels.

Birth rate

-

NA births/1,000 population

Budget

-

revenues:
$430,830

expenditures:
$2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 (1987 est.)

Capital

name: Episkopi Cantonment (base administrative center for Akrotiri and Dhekelia); located in Akrotiri

geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

none; each atoll has its own administrative center

Climate

temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters

tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)

Coastline

27.5 km

101 km

Constitution

Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960, functions as a basic legal document

administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970

Country name

conventional long form: Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area

conventional short form: Dhekelia

conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Tokelau

Currency

-

New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Death rate

-

NA deaths/1,000 population

Debt - external

-

$0

Dependency status

a special form of UK overseas territory; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus

territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution, developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with Wellington

Diplomatic representation from the US

none (overseas territory of the UK)

none (territory of New Zealand)

Diplomatic representation in the US

none (overseas territory of the UK)

none (territory of New Zealand)

Disputes - international

-

none

Economic aid - recipient

-

$3.8 million (1995)

Economy - overview

Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Dhekelia. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.

Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people must rely on aid from New Zealand to maintain public services, annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.

Electricity - consumption

-

NA kWh

Electricity - production

-

NA kWh

Electricity - production by source

-

fossil fuel:
NA%

hydro:
NA%

nuclear:
NA%

other:
NA%

Elevation extremes

-

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location 5 m

Environment - current issues

netting and trapping of small migrant songbirds in the spring and autumn

very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand

Ethnic groups

-

Polynesian

Exchange rates

Cypriot pounds per US dollar - NA (2007), 0.46019 (2006), 0.4641 (2005), 0.4686 (2004), 0.5174 (2003)

New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.2502 (January 2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997), 1.4543 (1996)

Executive branch

chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)

head of government: Administrator Air Vice-Marshal Richard LACEY (since 26 April 2006); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defense

elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch

chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Lindsay WATT (since NA March 1993)

head of government:
Aliki Faipule FALIMATEAO (since NA 1997)

cabinet:
the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders, one from each atoll; functions as a cabinet

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term

Exports

-

$98,000 (f.o.b., 1983)

Exports - commodities

-

stamps, copra, handicrafts

Exports - partners

-

NZ

Fiscal year

-

1 April - 31 March

Flag description

the flag of the UK is used

the flag of New Zealand is used

GDP

-

purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.)

GDP - composition by sector

-

agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%

GDP - per capita

-

purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.)

GDP - real growth rate

-

NA%

Geographic coordinates

34 59 N, 33 45 E

9 00 S, 172 00 W

Geography - note

British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus; of the Sovereign Base Area land 60% is privately owned and farmed, 20% is owned by the Ministry of Defense, and 20% is SBA Crown land

-

Highways

-

total:
NA km

paved:
NA km

unpaved:
NA km

Household income or consumption by percentage share

-

lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%

Imports

-

$323,400 (c.i.f., 1983)

Imports - commodities

-

foodstuffs, building materials, fuel

Imports - partners

-

NZ

Independence

-

none (territory of New Zealand)

Industrial production growth rate

-

NA%

Industries

none

small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing

Infant mortality rate

-

NA deaths/1,000 live births

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

-

NA%

International organization participation

-

SPC, WHO (associate)

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

-

1 (2000)

Irrigated land

-

NA sq km

Judicial branch

-

Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau

Labor force

-

NA

Land boundaries

total: 103 km (approximately)

border countries: Cyprus 103 km (approximately)

0 km

Land use

-

arable land:
0% (soil is thin and infertile)

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (1993 est.)

Languages

English, Greek

Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English

Legal system

the Sovereign Base Area Administration has its own court system to deal with civil and criminal matters; laws applicable to the Cypriot population are, as far as possible, the same as the laws of the Republic of Cyprus

British and local statutes

Legislative branch

-

unicameral General Fono (45 seats - 15 from each of the three atolls; members chosen by each atoll's Council of Elders or Taupulega to serve three-year terms); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers legislative power on the General Fono

Life expectancy at birth

-

total population:
NA years

male:
NA years

female:
NA years

Location

on the southeast coast of Cyprus near Famagusta

Oceania, group of three islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand

Map references

Middle East

Oceania

Maritime claims

-

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM

Merchant marine

-

none (2000 est.)

Military - note

includes Dhekelia Garrison and Ayios Nikolaos Station connected by a roadway

defense is the responsibility of New Zealand

National holiday

-

Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)

Nationality

-

noun:
Tokelauan(s)

adjective:
Tokelauan

Natural hazards

-

lies in Pacific typhoon belt

Natural resources

-

NEGL

Net migration rate

-

NA migrant(s)/1,000 population

Political parties and leaders

-

none

Political pressure groups and leaders

-

none

Population

approximately 15,700 live on the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia including 7,700 Cypriots, 3,600 Service and UK Based Contract personnel, and 4,400 dependents

1,445 (July 2001 est.)

Population below poverty line

-

NA%

Population growth rate

-

-0.92% (2001 est.)

Ports and harbors

-

none; offshore anchorage only

Radio broadcast stations

AM NA, FM 1 (located in Akrotiri), shortwave NA (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)

AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA

note:
each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998)

Radios

-

1,000 (1997)

Railways

-

0 km

Religions

-

Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2%

note:
on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant

Suffrage

-

21 years of age; universal

Telephone system

-

general assessment:
adequate

domestic:
radiotelephone service between islands

international:
radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997

Telephones - main lines in use

-

NA

Telephones - mobile cellular

-

0 (2001)

Television broadcast stations

0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)

NA

Terrain

-

low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons