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Compare Dhekelia (2008) - Reunion (2002)

Compare Dhekelia (2008) z Reunion (2002)

 Dhekelia (2008)Reunion (2002)
 DhekeliaReunion
Administrative divisions - none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons
Age structure - 0-14 years: 31.7% (male 120,864; female 115,251)


15-64 years: 62.5% (male 228,864; female 235,991)


65 years and over: 5.8% (male 17,459; female 25,552) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products - sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn
Airports - 2 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 130.8 sq km


note: area surrounds three Cypriot enclaves
total: 2,517 sq km


land: 2,507 sq km


water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Rhode Island
Background By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The larger of these is the Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Eastern Sovereign Base Area. The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route.
Birth rate - 20.7 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget - revenues: NA


expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital name: Episkopi Cantonment (base administrative center for Akrotiri and Dhekelia); located in Akrotiri


geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E


time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Saint-Denis
Climate temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April
Coastline 27.5 km 207 km
Constitution Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960, functions as a basic legal document 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area


conventional short form: Dhekelia
conventional long form: Department of Reunion


conventional short form: Reunion


local long form: none


local short form: Ile de la Reunion


former: Bourbon Island
Currency - euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)
Death rate - 5.51 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status a special form of UK overseas territory; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international - none
Economic aid - recipient - $NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Dhekelia. All food and manufactured goods must be imported. The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to more than 40% of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France.
Electricity - consumption - 1.014 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production - 1.09 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 55%


hydro: 45%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes - lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m
Environment - current issues netting and trapping of small migrant songbirds in the spring and autumn NA
Ethnic groups - French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian
Exchange rates Cypriot pounds per US dollar - NA (2007), 0.46019 (2006), 0.4641 (2005), 0.4686 (2004), 0.5174 (2003) euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Administrator Air Vice-Marshal Richard LACEY (since 26 April 2006); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defense


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Gonthier FRIEDERICI (since NA)


head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
Exports - $214 million f.o.b. (1997)
Exports - commodities - sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993)
Exports - partners - France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (1994)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of the UK is used the flag of France is used
GDP - purchasing power parity - $3.4 billion (1998 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $4,800 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 3.8% (1998 est.)
Geographic coordinates 34 59 N, 33 45 E 21 06 S, 55 36 E
Geography - note British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus; of the Sovereign Base Area land 60% is privately owned and farmed, 20% is owned by the Ministry of Defense, and 20% is SBA Crown land this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean
Highways - total: 2,724 km


paved: 1,300 km (including 73 km of four-lane road)


unpaved: 1,424 km


note: 370 km of road are maintained by national authorities, 754 km by departmental authorities and 1,600 km by local authorities (1994)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - $2.5 billion c.i.f. (1997)
Imports - commodities - manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products
Imports - partners - France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (1994)
Independence - none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries none sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction
Infant mortality rate - 8.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA%
International organization participation - FZ, InOC, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land - 120 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel
Labor force - 261,000 (1995) (1995)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 8%, industry 19%, services 73% (1990) (1990)
Land boundaries total: 103 km (approximately)


border countries: Cyprus 103 km (approximately)
0 km
Land use - arable land: 13.2%


permanent crops: 2%


other: 84.8% (1998 est.)
Languages English, Greek French (official), Creole widely used
Legal system the Sovereign Base Area Administration has its own court system to deal with civil and criminal matters; laws applicable to the Cypriot population are, as far as possible, the same as the laws of the Republic of Cyprus French law
Legislative branch - unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 19, UDF 9, RPR 8, various right-wing candidates 4, various left-wing candidates 5


note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 73.18 years


male: 69.78 years


female: 76.74 years (2002 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 79%


male: 76%


female: 80% (1982 est.)
Location on the southeast coast of Cyprus near Famagusta Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
Map references Middle East World
Maritime claims - exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 28,264 GRT/44,885 DWT


ships by type: chemical tanker 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: France 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note includes Dhekelia Garrison and Ayios Nikolaos Station connected by a roadway defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches - no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 194,485 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 99,251 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 6,243 (2002 est.)
National holiday - Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality - noun: Reunionese (singular and plural)


adjective: Reunionese
Natural hazards - periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano
Natural resources - fish, arable land, hydropower
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population approximately 15,700 live on the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia including 7,700 Cypriots, 3,600 Service and UK Based Contract personnel, and 4,400 dependents 743,981 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 1.52% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors - Le Port, Pointe des Galets
Radio broadcast stations AM NA, FM 1 (located in Akrotiri), shortwave NA (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006) AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001)
Radios - 173,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis


domestic: modern open wire and microwave radio relay network


international: radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 268,500 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 197,000 (September 2000)
Television broadcast stations 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006) 35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001)
Terrain - mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast
Total fertility rate - 2.55 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate - 42.8% (1998) (1998)
Waterways - none
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