Compare Dhekelia (2004) - Bangladesh (2001)

Dhekelia (2004)

Bangladesh (2001)

Administrative divisions

-

5 divisions; Barisal, Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi; note - there may be one additional division named Sylhet

Age structure

-

0-14 years:
35.04% (male 23,550,607; female 22,451,006)

15-64 years:
61.6% (male 41,432,123; female 39,434,633)

65 years and over:
3.36% (male 2,389,639; female 2,011,852) (2001 est.)

Agriculture - products

-

rice, jute, tea, wheat, sugarcane, potatoes, tobacco, pulses, oilseeds, spices, fruit; beef, milk, poultry

Airports

-

18 (2000 est.)

Airports - with paved runways

-

total:
15

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
5 (2000 est.)

Airports - with unpaved runways

-

total:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)

Area

total: 130.8 sq km

note: area surrounds three Cypriot enclaves

total:
144,000 sq km

land:
133,910 sq km

water:
10,090 sq km

Area - comparative

about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC

slightly smaller than Wisconsin

Background

By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovreignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers in total: Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The larger of these of these is the Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Eastern Sovereign Base Area.

Bangladesh came into existence in 1971 when Bengali East Pakistan seceded from its union with West Pakistan. About a third of this extremely poor country annually floods during the monsoon rainy season, hampering economic development.

Birth rate

-

25.3 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Budget

-

revenues:
$4.9 billion

expenditures:
$6.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY99/00 est.)

Capital

Episkopi; located in Akrotiri

Dhaka

Climate

temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters

tropical; mild winter (October to March); hot, humid summer (March to June); humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October)

Coastline

-

580 km

Constitution

-

4 November 1972, effective 16 December 1972, suspended following coup of 24 March 1982, restored 10 November 1986, amended many times

Country name

conventional long form: Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area

conventional short form: Dhekelia

conventional long form:
People's Republic of Bangladesh

conventional short form:
Bangladesh

former:
East Pakistan

Currency

-

taka (BDT)

Death rate

-

8.6 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Debt - external

-

$17 billion (2000)

Dependency status

overseas territory of UK; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus

-

Diplomatic representation from the US

none (overseas territory of the UK)

chief of mission:
Ambassador Mary Ann PETERS

embassy:
Road 27, House 110, Banani, Dhaka

mailing address:
G. P. O. Box 323, Dhaka 1000

telephone:
[880] (2) 8824700 through 8824722

FAX:
[880] (2) 8823744

Diplomatic representation in the US

none (overseas territory of the UK)

chief of mission:
Ambassador-designate A. Tariq KARIM

chancery:
3510 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 244-0183

consulate(s) general:
Los Angeles and New York

Disputes - international

-

a portion of the boundary with India is indefinite; exchange of 151 enclaves along border with India subject to ratification by Indian parliament; dispute with India over South Talpatty/New Moore Island

Economic aid - recipient

-

$1.575 billion (2000 est.)

Economy - overview

Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Dhekelia. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.

Despite sustained domestic and international efforts to improve economic and demographic prospects, Bangladesh remains one of the world's poorest, most densely populated, and least developed nations. Although more than half of GDP is generated through the service sector, nearly two-thirds of Bangladeshis are employed in the agriculture sector, with rice as the single most important product. Major impediments to growth include frequent cyclones and floods, inefficient state-owned enterprises, inadequate port facilities, a rapidly growing labor force that cannot be absorbed by agriculture, delays in exploiting energy resources (natural gas), insufficient power supplies, and slow implementation of economic reforms. Reform is stalled in many instances by political infighting and corruption at all levels of government. Even so, Prime Minister Sheikh HASINA's Awami League government has made some headway improving the climate for foreign investors and liberalizing the capital markets. Progress on other economic reforms has been halting because of opposition from the bureaucracy, public sector unions, and other vested interest groups.

Electricity - consumption

-

11.216 billion kWh (1999)

Electricity - exports

-

0 kWh (1999)

Electricity - imports

-

0 kWh (1999)

Electricity - production

-

12.06 billion kWh (1999)

Electricity - production by source

-

fossil fuel:
93.7%

hydro:
6.3%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)

Elevation extremes

-

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Keokradong 1,230 m

Environment - current issues

netting and trapping of small migrant songbirds in the spring and autumn

many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land; water-borne diseases prevalent in surface water; water pollution, especially of fishing areas, results from the use of commercial pesticides; ground water contaminated by naturally-occurring arsenic; intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country; soil degradation and erosion; deforestation; severe overpopulation

Environment - international agreements

-

party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea

Ethnic groups

-

Bengali 98%, tribal groups, non-Bengali Muslims (1998)

Exchange rates

-

taka per US dollar - 54.000 (January 2001), 52.142 (2000), 49.085 (1999), 46.906 (1998), 43.892 (1997), 41.794 (1996)

Executive branch

chief of state: Queen Elizabeth II (since 6 February 1952)

head of government: Administrator Maj. Gen. Peter Tomas Clayton PEARSON (since 9 May 2003) note - reports to the British Ministry of Defence

elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch

chief of state:
President Shahabuddin AHMED (since 9 October 1996); note - the president's duties are normally ceremonial, but with the 13th amendment to the constitution ("Caretaker Government Amendment"), the president's role becomes significant at times when Parliament is dissolved and a caretaker government is installed - at presidential direction - to supervise the elections

head of government:
Prime Minister Sheikh HASINA (since 13 July 1996)

cabinet:
Cabinet selected by the prime minister and appointed by the president

elections:
president elected by National Parliament for a five-year term; election last held 24 July 1996 (next to be held by NA October 2001); following legislative elections, the leader of the party that wins the most seats is usually appointed prime minister by the president

election results:
Shahabuddin AHMED elected president without opposition; percent of National Parliament vote - NA%

Exports

-

$5.9 billion (2000)

Exports - commodities

-

garments, jute and jute goods, leather, frozen fish and seafood

Exports - partners

-

US 31.2%, Germany 9.95%, UK 8.06%, France 5.82%, Italy 4.42% (1999)

Fiscal year

-

1 July - 30 June

Flag description

the flag of the UK is used

green with a large red disk slightly to the hoist side of center; the red sun of freedom represents the blood shed to achieve independence; the green field symbolizes the lush countryside, and secondarily, the traditional color of Islam

GDP

-

purchasing power parity - $203 billion (2000 est.)

GDP - composition by sector

-

agriculture:
30%

industry:
18%

services:
52% (2000 est.)

GDP - per capita

-

purchasing power parity - $1,570 (2000 est.)

GDP - real growth rate

-

5.3% (2000 est.)

Geographic coordinates

34 59 N, 33 45 E

24 00 N, 90 00 E

Geography - note

British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus

-

Highways

-

total:
201,182 km

paved:
19,112 km

unpaved:
182,070 km (1997)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

-

lowest 10%:
3.9%

highest 10%:
28.6% (1995-96 est.)

Illicit drugs

-

transit country for illegal drugs produced in neighboring countries

Imports

-

$8.1 billion (2000)

Imports - commodities

-

machinery and equipment, chemicals, iron and steel, textiles, raw cotton, food, crude oil and petroleum products, cement

Imports - partners

-

India 12.2%, Singapore 7.8%, Japan 6.7%, China 6.4%, US 5.3% (1999)

Independence

-

16 December 1971 (from West Pakistan); note - 26 March 1971 is the date of independence from West Pakistan, 16 December 1971 is known as Victory Day and commemorates the official creation of the state of Bangladesh

Industrial production growth rate

-

6.1% (2000 est.)

Industries

-

cotton textiles, jute, garments, tea processing, paper newsprint, cement, chemical fertilizer, light engineering, sugar

Infant mortality rate

-

69.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

-

5.8% (2000 est.)

International organization participation

-

AsDB, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OPCW, SAARC, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

-

10 (2000)

Irrigated land

-

31,000 sq km (1993 est.)

Judicial branch

-

Supreme Court (the chief justices and other judges are appointed by the president)

Labor force

-

64.1 million (1998)

note:
extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Qatar, and Malaysia; workers' remittances estimated at $1.71 billion in 1998-99

Labor force - by occupation

-

agriculture 63%, services 26%, industry 11% (FY95/96)

Land boundaries

-

total:
4,246 km

border countries:
Burma 193 km, India 4,053 km

Land use

-

arable land:
73%

permanent crops:
2%

permanent pastures:
5%

forests and woodland:
15%

other:
5% (1993 est.)

Languages

-

Bangla (official, also known as Bengali), English

Legal system

the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply

based on English common law

Legislative branch

-

unicameral National Parliament or Jatiya Sangsad (330 seats; 300 elected by popular vote from single territorial constituencies, 30 seats reserved for women; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 12 June 1996 (next to be held before 13 October 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - AL 33.87%, BNP 30.87%; seats by party - AL 178, BNP 113, JP 33, JI 3, other 3; note - the elections of 12 June 1996 brought to power an Awami League government for the first time in twenty-one years; held under a neutral, caretaker administration, the elections were characterized by a peaceful, orderly process and massive voter turnout, ending a bitter two-year impasse between the former BNP and opposition parties that had paralyzed National Parliament and led to widespread street violence

Life expectancy at birth

-

total population:
60.54 years

male:
60.74 years

female:
60.33 years (2001 est.)

Literacy

-

definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
56%

male:
63%

female:
49% (2000 est.)

Location

on the southeast coast of Cyprus near Famagusta

Southern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and India

Map references

Middle East

Asia

Maritime claims

-

contiguous zone:
18 NM

continental shelf:
up to the outer limits of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM

Merchant marine

-

total:
35 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 268,566 GRT/375,110 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 2, cargo 25, container 3, petroleum tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 2 (2000 est.)

Military - note

includes Dheklia Garrison and Ayios Nikolaos Station connected by a roadway

-

Military branches

-

Army, Navy, Coast Guard, Air Force, paramilitary forces (includes Bangladesh Rifles, Bangladesh Ansars, Village Defense Parties, National Cadet Corps), Armed Police battalions

Military expenditures - dollar figure

-

$559 million (FY96/97)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP

-

1.8% (FY96/97)

Military manpower - availability

-

males age 15-49:
36,005,553 (2001 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service

-

males age 15-49:
21,362,279 (2001 est.)

National holiday

-

Independence Day, 26 March (1971); note - 26 March 1971 is the date of independence from West Pakistan, 16 December 1971 is Victory Day and commemorates the official creation of the state of Bangladesh

Nationality

-

noun:
Bangladeshi(s)

adjective:
Bangladeshi

Natural hazards

-

droughts, cyclones; much of the country routinely inundated during the summer monsoon season

Natural resources

-

natural gas, arable land, timber, coal

Net migration rate

-

-0.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Pipelines

-

natural gas 1,250 km

Political parties and leaders

-

Awami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA]; Bangladesh Communist Party or BCP [Saifuddin Ahmed MANIK]; Bangladesh Nationalist Party or BNP [Khaleda ZIAur Rahman]; Islami Oikya Jote or IOJ [Azizol HAQ]; Jamaat-E-Islami or JI [Motiur Rahman NIZAMI]; Jatiya Party or JP [Hussain Mohammad ERSHAD]

Political pressure groups and leaders

-

NA

Population

no indigenous personnel

note: approximately 2,200 military personnel are on the base; there are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military personnel or civilian staff on both the bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia; Cyprus citizens work on the base, but do not live there

131,269,860 (July 2001 est.)

Population below poverty line

-

35.6% (FY95/96 est.)

Population growth rate

-

1.59% (2001 est.)

Ports and harbors

-

Chittagong, Dhaka, Mongla Port, Narayanganj (2001)

Radio broadcast stations

-

AM 12, FM 12, shortwave 2 (1999)

Radios

-

6.15 million (1997)

Railways

-

total:
2,745 km

broad gauge:
923 km 1.676-m gauge

narrow gauge:
1,822 km 1.000-m gauge (2000)

Religions

-

Muslim 83%, Hindu 16%, other 1% (1998)

Sex ratio

-

at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.19 male(s)/female

total population:
1.05 male(s)/female (2001 est.)

Suffrage

-

18 years of age; universal

Telephone system

-

general assessment:
totally inadequate for a modern country

domestic:
modernizing; introducing digital systems; trunk systems include VHF and UHF microwave radio relay links, and some fiber-optic cable in cities

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); international radiotelephone communications and landline service to neighboring countries (2000)

Telephones - main lines in use

-

500,000 (2000)

Telephones - mobile cellular

-

283,000 (2000)

Television broadcast stations

-

15 (1999)

Terrain

-

mostly flat alluvial plain; hilly in southeast