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Compare Cambodia (2003) - Greenland (2008)

Compare Cambodia (2003) z Greenland (2008)

 Cambodia (2003)Greenland (2008)
 CambodiaGreenland
Administrative divisions 20 provinces (khett, singular and plural) and 4 municipalities* (krong, singular and plural); Banteay Mean Cheay, Batdambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Spoe, Kampong Thum, Kampot, Kandal, Kaoh Kong, Keb*, Kracheh, Mondol Kiri, Otdar Mean Cheay, Pailin*, Phnum Penh*, Pouthisat, Preah Seihanu*, Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Rotanah Kiri, Siem Reab, Stoeng Treng, Svay Rieng, Takev 3 districts (landsdele); Avannaa (Nordgronland), Tunu (Ostgronland), Kitaa (Vestgronland)


note: there are 18 municipalities in Greenland
Age structure 0-14 years: 39.3% (male 2,606,568; female 2,557,736)


15-64 years: 57.6% (male 3,599,216; female 3,962,520)


65 years and over: 3.1% (male 148,287; female 250,437) (2003 est.)
0-14 years: 24% (male 6,926/female 6,597)


15-64 years: 69.1% (male 20,901/female 18,012)


65 years and over: 6.9% (male 1,873/female 2,035) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, rubber, corn, vegetables forage crops, garden and greenhouse vegetables; sheep, reindeer; fish
Airports 21 (2002) 14 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 5


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
total: 9


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 5 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 16


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 13


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 5


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Area total: 181,040 sq km


land: 176,520 sq km


water: 4,520 sq km
total: 2,166,086 sq km


land: 2,166,086 sq km (410,449 sq km ice-free, 1,755,637 sq km ice-covered) (2000 est.)
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Oklahoma slightly more than three times the size of Texas
Background Following a five-year struggle, Communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh in 1975 and ordered the evacuation of all cities and towns; over 1 million displaced people died from execution or enforced hardships. A 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside and touched off almost 20 years of fighting. UN-sponsored elections in 1993 helped restore some semblance of normalcy as did the rapid diminishment of the Khmer Rouge in the mid-1990s. A coalition government, formed after national elections in 1998, brought renewed political stability and the surrender of remaining Khmer Rouge forces in 1998. Greenland, the world's largest island, is about 81% ice-capped. Vikings reached the island in the 10th century from Iceland; Danish colonization began in the 18th century, and Greenland was made an integral part of Denmark in 1953. It joined the European Community (now the EU) with Denmark in 1973, but withdrew in 1985 over a dispute centered on stringent fishing quotas. Greenland was granted self-government in 1979 by the Danish parliament; the law went into effect the following year. Denmark continues to exercise control of Greenland's foreign affairs in consultation with Greenland's Home Rule Government.
Birth rate 27.28 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) 16.01 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues: $396 million


expenditures: $607 million, including capital expenditures of $254 million (2001 est.)
revenues: $1.36 billion


expenditures: $1.27 billion (2005)
Capital Phnom Penh name: Nuuk (Godthab)


geographic coordinates: 64 11 N, 51 45 W


time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October


note: Greenland is divided into four time zones
Climate tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters
Coastline 443 km 44,087 km
Constitution promulgated 21 September 1993 5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Kingdom of Cambodia


conventional short form: Cambodia


local long form: Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea


local short form: Kampuchea


former: Khmer Republic, Kampuchea Republic
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Greenland


local long form: none


local short form: Kalaallit Nunaat
Currency riel (KHR) -
Death rate 9.26 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) 7.93 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $829 million (1999 est.) $25 million (1999)
Dependency status - part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1979
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Charles Aaron RAY


embassy: 27 EO Street 240, Phnom Penh


mailing address: Box P, APO AP 96546


telephone: [855] (23) 216-436/438


FAX: [855] (23) 216-437/811
none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador ROLAND ENG


chancery: 4530 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011


telephone: [1] (202) 726-7742


FAX: [1] (202) 726-8381
none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Disputes - international completed boundary demarcation with Thailand; accuses Vietnam of moving and destroying boundary markers and encroachments, initiating border incidents; accuses Thailand of preventing access to Preah Vihear temple ruins awarded to Cambodia by ICJ decision in 1962; maritime boundary with Vietnam hampered by dispute over offshore islands managed dispute between Canada and Denmark over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Canada's Ellesmere Island and Greenland
Economic aid - recipient $548 million pledged in grants and concessional loans for 2001 by international donors $512 million; note - subsidy from Denmark (2005)
Economy - overview Cambodia's economy slowed dramatically in 1997-1998 due to the regional economic crisis, civil violence, and political infighting. Foreign investment and tourism fell off. In 1999, the first full year of peace in 30 years, progress was made on economic reforms and growth resumed at 5.0%. Despite severe flooding, GDP grew at 5.0% in 2000, 6.3% in 2001, and 5.2% in 2002. Tourism was Cambodia's fastest growing industry, with arrivals up 34% in 2000 and up another 40% in 2001 before the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the US. Even given these stout growth estimates, the long-term development of the economy after decades of war remains a daunting challenge. The population lacks education and productive skills, particularly in the poverty-ridden countryside, which suffers from an almost total lack of basic infrastructure. Fear of renewed political instability and corruption within the government discourage foreign investment and delay foreign aid. The government is addressing these issues with assistance from bilateral and multilateral donors. The economy remains critically dependent on exports of fish and a substantial subsidy from the Danish Government, which supplies about half of government revenues. The public sector, including publicly-owned enterprises and the municipalities, plays the dominant role in the economy. Several interesting hydrocarbon and mineral exploration activities are ongoing. Press reports in early 2007 indicated that two international aluminum companies were considering building smelters in Greenland to take advantage of local hydropower potential. Tourism is the only sector offering any near-term potential, and even this is limited due to a short season and high costs. Air Greenland began summer-season direct flights to the U.S. east coast in May 2007, potentially opening a major new tourism market.
Electricity - consumption 110.6 million kWh (2001) 279 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 119 million kWh (2001) 300 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 65%


hydro: 35%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
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Elevation extremes lowest point: Gulf of Thailand 0 m


highest point: Phnum Aoral 1,810 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Gunnbjorn 3,700 m
Environment - current issues illegal logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western region along the border with Thailand have resulted in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries); soil erosion; in rural areas, a majority of the population does not have access to potable water; toxic waste delivery from Taiwan sparked unrest in Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville) in December 1998 protection of the arctic environment; preservation of the Inuit traditional way of life, including whaling and seal hunting
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping
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Ethnic groups Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4% Greenlander 88% (Inuit and Greenland-born whites), Danish and others 12% (2000)
Exchange rates riels per US dollar - 3,912.08 (2002), 3,916.33 (2001), 3,840.75 (2000), 3,807.83 (1999), 3,744.42 (1998) Danish kroner per US dollar - 5.4797 (2007), 5.9468 (2006), 5.9969 (2005), 5.9911 (2004), 6.5877 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state: King Norodom SIHANOUK (reinstated 24 September 1993)


head of government: Prime Minister HUN SEN (since 30 November 1998) and Deputy Prime Ministers SAR KHENG (since 1993) and TOL LAH (since 1998)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch


elections: none; the monarch is chosen by a Royal Throne Council; following legislative elections, a member of the majority party or majority coalition is named prime minister by the Chairman of the National Assembly and appointed by the king
chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II of Denmark (since 14 January 1972), represented by High Commissioner Soren MOLLER (since April 2005)


head of government: Prime Minister Hans ENOKSEN (since 14 December 2002)


cabinet: Home Rule Government is elected by the parliament (Landstinget) on the basis of the strength of parties


elections: the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; prime minister is elected by parliament (usually the leader of the majority party);


election results: Hans ENOKSEN reelected prime minister


note: government coalition - Siumut and Inuit Ataqatigiit
Exports NA (2001) 149.1 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities timber, garments, rubber, rice, fish fish and fish products 94% (prawns 63%)
Exports - partners US 60.2%, Germany 9.1%, UK 7.1%, Singapore 4.4% (2002) Denmark 67.1%, Japan 12.1%, China 5.6% (2006)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double width), and blue with a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat outlined in black in the center of the red band two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a large disk slightly to the hoist side of center - the top half of the disk is red, the bottom half is white
GDP purchasing power parity - $20.42 billion (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 40%


industry: 20%


services: 40% (2001 est.)
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2002 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 4.5% (2002 est.) 2% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates 13 00 N, 105 00 E 72 00 N, 40 00 W
Geography - note a land of paddies and forests dominated by the Mekong River and Tonle Sap dominates North Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe; sparse population confined to small settlements along coast, but close to one-quarter of the population lives in the capital, Nuuk; world's second largest ice cap
Heliports 2 (2002) -
Highways total: 12,323 km


paved: 1,996 km


unpaved: 10,327 km (2000 est)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 2.9%


highest 10%: 33.8% (1997)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs narcotics-related corruption reportedly involving some in the government, military, and police; possible small-scale opium, heroin, and amphetamine production; large producer of cannabis for the international market; vulnerable to money laundering due to its cash-based economy and porous borders -
Imports NA (2001) 4,013 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities petroleum products, cigarettes, gold, construction materials, machinery, motor vehicles machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, petroleum products
Imports - partners Thailand 24.8%, Singapore 16.9%, China 12.1%, Hong Kong 10.9%, South Korea 5.5%, Vietnam 5.2% (2002) Denmark 69.9%, Sweden 16.3%, Norway 3.7% (2006)
Independence 9 November 1953 (from France) none (extensive self-rule as part of the Kingdom of Denmark; foreign affairs is the responsibility of Denmark, but Greenland actively participates in international agreements relating to Greenland)
Industrial production growth rate 16% (2001 est.) NA%
Industries tourism, garments, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles fish processing (mainly shrimp and Greenland halibut); gold, niobium, tantalite, uranium, iron and diamond mining; handicrafts, hides and skins, small shipyards
Infant mortality rate total: 75.94 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 84.96 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 66.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
total: 14.98 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 16.32 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 13.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.3% (2002 est.) 1% (2005 est.)
International organization participation ACCT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OPCW (signatory), PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) Arctic Council, NC, NIB, UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land 2,700 sq km (1998 est.) NA
Judicial branch Supreme Council of the Magistracy (provided for in the constitution and formed in December 1997); Supreme Court (and lower courts) exercises judicial authority High Court or Landsret (appeals can be made to the Ostre Landsret or Eastern Division of the High Court or Supreme Court in Copenhagen)
Labor force 6 million (1998 est.) 32,120 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 80% (2001 est.) -
Land boundaries total: 2,572 km


border countries: Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km, Vietnam 1,228 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 20.96%


permanent crops: 0.61%


other: 78.43% (1998 est.)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages Khmer (official) 95%, French, English Greenlandic (East Inuit), Danish, English
Legal system primarily a civil law mixture of French-influenced codes from the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) period, royal decrees, and acts of the legislature, with influences of customary law and remnants of communist legal theory; increasing influence of common law in recent years the laws of Denmark, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch bicameral consists of the National Assembly (122 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Senate (61 seats; two members appointed by the monarch, two elected by the National Assembly, and 57 elected by "functional constituencies"; members serve five-year terms)


elections: National Assembly - last held 27 July 2003 (next to be held in July 2007); Senate - last held 2 March 1999 (next to be held in 2004)


election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CPP 47%, SRP 22%, FUNCINPEC 21%, other 10%; seats by party - CPP 73, FUNCINPEC 26, SRP 24; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CPP 31, FUNCINPEC 21, SRP 7, other 2 (2003)
unicameral Parliament or Landstinget (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held on 15 November 2005 (next to be held by December 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - Siumut 30.7%, Demokratiit 22.8%, IA 22.6%, Atassut Party 19.1%; Katusseqatigiit 4.1%, other 0.7%; seats by party - Siumut 10, Demokratiit 7, IA 7, Atassut 6, Katusseqatigiit 1


note: two representatives were elected to the Danish Parliament or Folketing on 13 November 2007 (next to be held in November 2011); percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Siumut 1, Inuit Ataqatigiit 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 57.92 years


male: 55.49 years


female: 60.47 years (2003 est.)
total population: 70.23 years


male: 66.65 years


female: 73.9 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 69.9%


male: 80.5%


female: 60.3% (2003 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 100%


male: 100%


female: 100% (2001 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos Northern North America, island between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada
Map references Southeast Asia Arctic Region
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: 200 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line


continental shelf: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line
Merchant marine total: 527 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 2,328,371 GRT/3,294,028 DWT


ships by type: bulk 49, cargo 412, chemical tanker 2, combination bulk 4, container 17, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 2, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 18, refrigerated cargo 11, roll on/roll off 7, short-sea passenger 2


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Aruba 1, Belize 11, Bulgaria 3, Cambodia 194, Canada 4, China 25, Cyprus 14, Egypt 10, Estonia 2, France 1, Georgia 1, Germany 1, Gibraltar 1, Greece 13, Honduras 8, Hong Kong 12, Iceland 1, Indonesia 2, Iran 1, Ireland 1, Italy 2, Japan 2, Jordan 1, North Korea, 1, South Korea, 25, Latvia 3, Lebanon 6, Liberia 7, Malaysia 1, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 4, Netherlands 1, Norway 1, Panama 10, Romania 2, Russia 75, Saint Kitts and Nevis 4, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 5, Singapore 17, Syria 20, Turkey 18, Ukraine 16, United Arab Emirates 3, United Kingdom 1, United States 5, Vietnam 3 (2002 est.)
total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,422 GRT/2,340 DWT


by type: cargo 1, passenger 1


registered in other countries: 1 (Denmark 1) (2007)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Denmark
Military branches Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF): Army, Navy, Air Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $112 million (FY01 est.) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 3% (FY01 est.) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 3,275,533 (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 1,829,535 (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 165,395 (2003 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 9 November (1953) June 21 (longest day)
Nationality noun: Cambodian(s)


adjective: Cambodian
noun: Greenlander(s)


adjective: Greenlandic
Natural hazards monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island
Natural resources timber, gemstones, some iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, molybdenum, diamonds, gold, platinum, niobium, tantalite, uranium, fish, seals, whales, hydropower, possible oil and gas
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) -8.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders Buddhist Liberal Party or BLP [IENG MOULY]; Cambodian Pracheachon Party or Cambodian People's Party or CPP [CHEA SIM]; Khmer Citizen Party or KCP [NGUON SOEUR]; National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia or FUNCINPEC [Prince NORODOM RANARIDDH]; Sam Rangsi Party or SRP (formerly Khmer Nation Party or KNP) [SAM RANGSI] Atassut Party (Solidarity) [Finn KARLSEN] (a conservative party favoring continuing close relations with Denmark); Demokratiit [Per BERTHELSEN]; Inuit Ataqatigiit or IA (Eskimo Brotherhood) [Josef MOTZFELDT] (a leftist party favoring complete independence from Denmark rather than home rule); Kattusseqatigiit (Candidate List) (an independent right-of-center party with no official platform); Siumut (Forward Party) [Hans ENOKSEN] (a social democratic party advocating more distinct Greenlandic identity and greater autonomy from Denmark)
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 13,124,764


note: estimates for this country take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)
56,344 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line 36% (1997 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 1.8% (2003 est.) -0.03% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville), Kampot, Krong Kaoh Kong, Phnom Penh -
Radio broadcast stations AM 7, FM 3, shortwave 3 (1999) AM 5, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways total: 602 km


narrow gauge: 602 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)
-
Religions Theravada Buddhist 95%, other 5% Evangelical Lutheran
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/female


total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female


total population: 1.115 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate landline and/or cellular service in Phnom Penh and other provincial cities; rural areas have little telephone service


domestic: NA


international: adequate but expensive landline and cellular service available to all countries from Phnom Penh and major provincial cities; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region)
general assessment: adequate domestic and international service provided by satellite, cables and microwave radio relay; totally digitalized in 1995


domestic: microwave radio relay and satellite


international: country code - 299; satellite earth stations - 12 Intelsat, 1 Eutelsat, 2 Americom GE-2 (all Atlantic Ocean) (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use 21,800 (mid-1998) 25,300 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 80,000 (2000) 32,200 (2004)
Television broadcast stations 6 (2003) 1 (plus some local low-power stations, and 3 Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) stations (1997)
Terrain mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north flat to gradually sloping icecap covers all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast
Total fertility rate 3.58 children born/woman (2003 est.) 2.4 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 2.8% (1999 est.) 9.3% (2005 est.)
Waterways 3,700 km


note: navigable all year to craft drawing 0.6 m or less; 282 km navigable to craft drawing as much as 1.8 m
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