Compare Bermuda (2008) - Reunion (2005)

Compare Bermuda (2008) z Reunion (2005)

	Bermuda (2008)	Reunion (2005)

Administrative divisions	9 parishes and 2 municipalities; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick*	none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons
Age structure	0-14 years: 18.3% (male 6,094/female 6,014) 15-64 years: 69.2% (male 22,696/female 23,094) 65 years and over: 12.5% (male 3,597/female 4,668) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 30.4% (male 120,698/female 115,108) 15-64 years: 63.6% (male 243,668/female 250,143) 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 19,234/female 28,097) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products, honey	sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn
Airports	1 (2007)	2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2007)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 53.3 sq km land: 53.3 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 2,517 sq km land: 2,507 sq km water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative	about one-third the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than Rhode Island
Background	Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Tourism continues to be important to the island's economy, although international business has overtaken it in recent years. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. Although a referendum on independence from the UK was soundly defeated in 1995, the present government has reopened debate on the issue.	The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration, supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians, gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route.
Birth rate	11.26 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	19.26 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $738 million expenditures: $665 million (FY04/05)	revenues: $1.26 billion expenditures: $2.62 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (1998)
Capital	name: Hamilton geographic coordinates: 32 17 N, 64 47 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November	Saint-Denis
Climate	subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter	tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April
Coastline	103 km	207 km
Constitution	8 June 1968; amended 1989 and 2003	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Bermuda former: Somers Islands	conventional long form: Department of Reunion conventional short form: Reunion local long form: none local short form: Ile de la Reunion former: Bourbon Island
Death rate	7.84 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	5.48 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$160 million (FY99/00)	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Consul General Gregory W. SLAYTON consulate(s) general: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire DVO3 mailing address: P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, US Department of State, 5300 Hamilton Place, Washington, DC 20520-5300 telephone: [1] (441) 295-1342 FAX: [1] (441) 295-1592, [1] (441) 296-9233	none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$90,000 (2004)	NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France (2001 est.)
Economy - overview	Bermuda enjoys the highest per capita income in the world, more than 50% higher than that of the US. Its economy is primarily based on providing financial services for international business and luxury facilities for tourists. A number of reinsurance companies relocated to the island following the 11 September 2001 attacks and again after Hurricane Katrina in August 2005, contributing to the expansion of an already robust international business sector. Bermuda's tourism industry - which derives over 80% of its visitors from the US - continues to struggle but remains the island's number two industry. Most capital equipment and food must be imported. Bermuda's industrial sector is small, although construction continues to be important; the average cost of a house in June 2003 had risen to $976,000. Agriculture is limited with only 20% of the land being arable.	The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, but services now dominate. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France.
Electricity - consumption	574.8 million kWh (2005)	1.084 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	618 million kWh (2005)	1.166 billion kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Town Hill 76 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m
Environment - current issues	sustainable development	NA
Ethnic groups	black 54.8%, white 34.1%, mixed 6.4%, other races 4.3%, unspecified 0.4% (2000 census)	French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian
Exchange rates	Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar)	euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Sir Richard GOZNEY (since 12 December 2007) head of government: Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Laurent CAYREL (since 16 July 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
Exports	0 bbl/day (2005)	NA
Exports - commodities	reexports of pharmaceuticals	sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993)
Exports - partners	Spain 35.3%, UK 15.7%, Brazil 9.1%, Sweden 7.5% (2006)	France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (2000)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag	the flag of France is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1% industry: 10% services: 89% (2002 est.)	agriculture: 8% industry: 19% services: 73% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $6,000 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	4.6% (2004 est.)	2.5% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates	32 20 N, 64 45 W	21 06 S, 55 36 E
Geography - note	consists of about 138 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995	this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean
Highways	-	total: 1,214 km (including 88 km of four-lane roads) (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	4,250 bbl/day (2004)	NA
Imports - commodities	clothing, fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals	manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products
Imports - partners	US 71.8%, Venezuela 6.9%, Canada 6.6% (2006)	France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (2000)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	international business, tourism, light manufacturing	sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction
Infant mortality rate	total: 8.08 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.58 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.56 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: 7.78 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.52 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.8% (November 2005)	NA%
International organization participation	Caricom (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ITUC, UPU, WCO	InOC, UPU, WFTU
Irrigated land	NA	120 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel
Labor force	38,360 (2004)	309,900 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture and fishing 3%, laborers 17%, clerical 19%, professional and technical 21%, administrative and managerial 15%, sales 7%, services 19% (2004 est.)	agriculture 13%, industry 12%, services 75% (2000)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (55% developed, 45% rural/open space) (2005)	arable land: 13.6% permanent crops: 1.2% other: 85.2% (2001)
Languages	English (official), Portuguese	French (official), Creole widely used
Legal system	English law	French law
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (11 seats; members appointed by the governor, the premier, and the opposition) and the House of Assembly (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve up to five-year terms) elections: last general election held 18 December 2007 (next to be held not later than 2012) election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 52.5%, UBP 47.3%; seats by party - PLP 22, UBP 14	unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA); Regional Council - last held 28 March 2004 (next to be held NA 2010) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council (second round) - percent of vote by party - PCR 44.9%, UMP 32.8%, PS-Greens 22.3%; seats by party - PCR 27, UMP 11, PS-Greens 7 note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.13 years male: 76 years female: 80.29 years (2007 est.)	total population: 73.95 years male: 70.55 years female: 77.52 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 98% female: 99% (2005 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 88.9% male: 87% female: 90.8% (2003 est.)
Location	North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of South Carolina (US)	Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
Map references	North America	World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 133 ships (1000 GRT or over) 8,366,999 GRT/8,615,385 DWT by type: bulk carrier 24, container 22, liquefied gas 30, passenger 23, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 15, refrigerated cargo 10, roll on/roll off 4 foreign-owned: 126 (Australia 4, Belgium 3, China 10, France 1, Germany 21, Greece 3, Hong Kong 4, Ireland 1, Israel 3, Japan 1, Nigeria 11, Norway 5, Singapore 1, Sweden 15, UK 20, US 23) registered in other countries: 50 (Bahamas 12, Croatia 2, Marshall Islands 5, Philippines 31) (2007)	total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 28,264 GRT/44,885 DWT by type: chemical tanker 1 foreign-owned: 1 (France 1) registered in other countries: 1 (2005)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	no regular military forces; Bermuda Police Service, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary, Bermuda Regiment	no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	0.11% (2005 est.)	-
National holiday	Bermuda Day, 24 May	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Bermudian(s) adjective: Bermudian	noun: Reunionese (singular and plural) adjective: Reunionese
Natural hazards	hurricanes (June to November)	periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano
Natural resources	limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism	fish, arable land, hydropower
Net migration rate	2.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Ewart BROWN]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Wayne FURBERT]	Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Bermuda Employer's Union [Eddie SAINTS]; Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Union or BPSU [Ed BALL]; Bermuda Union of Teachers [Michael CHARLES]	NA
Population	66,163 (July 2007 est.)	776,948 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	19% (2000)	NA%
Population growth rate	0.576% (2007 est.)	1.38% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Le Port
Radio broadcast stations	AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)	AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001)
Religions	Anglican 23%, Roman Catholic 15%, African Methodist Episcopal 11%, other Protestant 18%, other 12%, unaffiliated 6%, unspecified 1%, none 14% (2000 census)	Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.013 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.983 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.771 male(s)/female total population: 0.959 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: good domestic: fully automatic digital telephone system; fiber-optic trunk lines international: country code - 1-441; landing point for the Atlantica-1 telecommunications submarine cable that extends from the US to Brazil; satellite earth stations - 3 (2007)	general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis domestic: modern open-wire and microwave radio relay network international: country code - 262; radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC/SAFE) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia
Telephones - main lines in use	57,700 (2006)	300,000 est (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	60,100 (2006)	489,800 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	3 (2005)	35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001)
Terrain	low hills separated by fertile depressions	mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast
Total fertility rate	1.88 children born/woman (2007 est.)	2.47 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	2.1% (2004 est.)	36% (1999 est.)

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