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Compare Argentina (2001) - Aruba (2003)

Compare Argentina (2001) z Aruba (2003)

 Argentina (2001)Aruba (2003)
 ArgentinaAruba
Administrative divisions 23 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), and 1 autonomous city* (distrito federal); Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Capital Federal*; Catamarca; Chaco; Chubut; Cordoba; Corrientes; Entre Rios; Formosa; Jujuy; La Pampa; La Rioja; Mendoza; Misiones; Neuquen; Rio Negro; Salta; San Juan; San Luis; Santa Cruz; Santa Fe; Santiago del Estero; Tierra del Fuego, Antartica e Islas del Atlantico Sur; Tucuman

note:
the US does not recognize any claims to Antarctica
none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Age structure 0-14 years:
26.54% (male 5,077,593; female 4,842,811)

15-64 years:
63.04% (male 11,795,282; female 11,773,855)

65 years and over:
10.42% (male 1,609,672; female 2,285,603) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 20.7% (male 7,540; female 7,121)


15-64 years: 68.3% (male 23,427; female 24,955)


65 years and over: 11% (male 3,215; female 4,586) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products sunflower seeds, lemons, soybeans, grapes, corn, tobacco, peanuts, tea, wheat; livestock aloes; livestock; fish
Airports 1,359 (2000 est.) 1 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total:
143

over 3,047 m:
4

2,438 to 3,047 m:
25

1,524 to 2,437 m:
57

914 to 1,523 m:
48

under 914 m:
9 (2000 est.)
total: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
1,216

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
56

914 to 1,523 m:
601

under 914 m:
555 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
2,766,890 sq km

land:
2,736,690 sq km

water:
30,200 sq km
total: 193 sq km


land: 193 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly less than three-tenths the size of the US slightly larger than Washington, DC
Background Following independence from Spain in 1816, Argentina experienced periods of internal political conflict between conservatives and liberals and between civilian and military factions. After World War II, a long period of Peronist dictatorship was followed by a military junta that took power in 1976. Democracy returned in 1983, and numerous elections since then have underscored Argentina's progress in democratic consolidation. Discovered and claimed for Spain in 1499, Aruba was acquired by the Dutch in 1636. The island's economy has been dominated by three main industries. A 19th century gold rush was followed by prosperity brought on by the opening in 1924 of an oil refinery. The last decades of the 20th century saw a boom in the tourism industry. Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles in 1986 and became a separate, autonomous member of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Movement toward full independence was halted at Aruba's request in 1990.
Birth rate 18.41 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 11.86 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues:
$44 billion

expenditures:
$48 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $135.81 million


expenditures: $147 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000)
Capital Buenos Aires Oranjestad
Climate mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 4,989 km 68.5 km
Constitution 1 May 1853; revised August 1994 1 January 1986
Country name conventional long form:
Argentine Republic

conventional short form:
Argentina

local long form:
Republica Argentina

local short form:
Argentina
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Aruba
Currency Argentine peso (ARS) Aruban guilder/florin (AWG)
Death rate 7.58 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.38 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $154 billion (2000 est.) $285 million (1996)
Dependency status - part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador James D. WALSH

embassy:
Avenida Colombia 4300, 1425 Buenos Aires

mailing address:
international mail: use street address; APO address: Unit 4334, APO AA 34034

telephone:
[54] (11) 4777-4533/4534

FAX:
[54] (11) 4511-4997
the US does not have an embassy in Aruba; the Consul General to Netherlands Antilles is accredited to Aruba
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Guillermo Enrique GONZALEZ

chancery:
1600 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 238-6400

FAX:
[1] (202) 332-3171

consulate(s) general:
Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York
none (represented by the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Disputes - international claims UK-administered Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas); claims UK-administered South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; territorial claim in Antarctica partially overlaps British and Chilean claims none
Economic aid - recipient IMF offer of $13.7 billion (January 2001) $26 million (1995); note - the Netherlands provided a $127 million aid package to Aruba and Suriname in 1996
Economy - overview Argentina benefits from rich natural resources, a highly literate population, an export-oriented agricultural sector, and a diversified industrial base. However, when President Carlos MENEM took office in 1989, the country had piled up huge external debts, inflation had reached 200% per month, and output was plummeting. To combat the economic crisis, the government embarked on a path of trade liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. In 1991, it implemented radical monetary reforms which pegged the peso to the US dollar and limited the growth in the monetary base by law to the growth in reserves. Inflation fell sharply in subsequent years. In 1995, the Mexican peso crisis produced capital flight, the loss of banking system deposits, and a severe, but short-lived, recession; a series of reforms to bolster the domestic banking system followed. Real GDP growth recovered strongly, reaching 8% in 1997. In 1998, international financial turmoil caused by Russia's problems and increasing investor anxiety over Brazil produced the highest domestic interest rates in more than three years, halving the growth rate of the economy. Conditions worsened in 1999 with GDP falling by 3%. President Fernando DE LA RUA, who took office in December 1999, sponsored tax increases and spending cuts to reduce the deficit, which had ballooned to 2.5% of GDP in 1999. Growth in 2000 was a disappointing 0.8%, as both domestic and foreign investors remained skeptical of the government's ability to pay debts and maintain its fixed exchange rate with the US dollar. One bright spot at the start of 2001 was the IMF's offer of $13.7 billion in support. Tourism is the mainstay of the small, open Aruban economy, with offshore banking and oil refining and storage also important. The rapid growth of the tourism sector over the last decade has resulted in a substantial expansion of other activities. Construction has boomed, with hotel capacity five times the 1985 level. In addition, the reopening of the country's oil refinery in 1993, a major source of employment and foreign exchange earnings, has further spurred growth. Aruba's small labor force and low unemployment rate have led to a large number of unfilled job vacancies, despite sharp rises in wage rates in recent years. Tourist arrivals have declined in the aftermath of the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the US. The government now must deal with a budget deficit and a negative trade balance.
Electricity - consumption 77.111 billion kWh (1999) 494.7 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 1.08 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 6.5 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 77.087 billion kWh (1999) 531.9 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
60.3%

hydro:
30.7%

nuclear:
8.75%

other:
0.25% (1999)
fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Salinas Chicas -40 m (located on Peninsula Valdes)

highest point:
Cerro Aconcagua 6,960 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mount Jamanota 188 m
Environment - current issues environmental problems (urban and rural) typical of an industrializing economy such as soil degradation, desertification, air pollution, and water pollution

note:
Argentina is a world leader in setting voluntary greenhouse gas targets
NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation
-
Ethnic groups white (mostly Spanish and Italian) 97%, mestizo, Amerindian, or other nonwhite groups 3% mixed white/Caribbean Amerindian 80%
Exchange rates Argentine pesos per US dollar - 1.000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar) Aruban guilders/florins per US dollar - 1.79 (2002), 1.79 (2001), 1.79 (2000), 1.79 (1999), 1.79 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Fernando DE LA RUA (since 10 December 1999); Vice President Carlos "Chacho" ALVAREZ resigned 6 October 2000 and a replacement has not yet been named; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Fernando DE LA RUA (since 10 December 1999); Vice President Carlos "Chacho" ALVAREZ resigned 6 October 2000 and a replacement has not yet been named; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 24 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2003)

election results:
Fernando DE LA RUA elected president; percent of vote - 48.5%
chief of state: Queen BEATRIX of the Netherlands (since 30 April 1980), represented by Governor General Olindo KOOLMAN (since 1 January 1992)


head of government: Prime Minister Nelson O. ODUBER (since 30 October 2001); Deputy Prime Minister Fredis REFUNJOL


cabinet: Council of Ministers (elected by the Staten)


elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed for a six-year term by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by the Staten for four-year terms; election last held 28 September 2001 (next to be held by December 2005)


election results: Nelson O. ODUBER elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA%
Exports $26.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities edible oils, fuels and energy, cereals, feed, motor vehicles live animals and animal products, art and collectibles, machinery and electrical equipment, transport equipment
Exports - partners Brazil 24%, EU 21%, US 11% (1999 est.) Netherlands 28.6%, Colombia 21.7%, Panama 16.8%, US 12.1%, Netherlands Antilles 8.3%, Venezuela 7.6% (2002)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of light blue (top), white, and light blue; centered in the white band is a radiant yellow sun with a human face known as the Sun of May blue, with two narrow, horizontal, yellow stripes across the lower portion and a red, four-pointed star outlined in white in the upper hoist-side corner
GDP purchasing power parity - $476 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $1.94 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
6%

industry:
32%

services:
62% (2000 est.)
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $12,900 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $28,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 0.8% (2000 est.) -1.5% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 34 00 S, 64 00 W 12 30 N, 69 58 W
Geography - note second-largest country in South America (after Brazil); strategic location relative to sea lanes between South Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake Passage) a flat, riverless island renowned for its white sand beaches; its tropical climate is moderated by constant trade winds from the Atlantic Ocean; the temperature is almost constant at about 27 degrees Celsius (81 degrees Fahrenheit)
Highways total:
215,434 km

paved:
63,553 km (including 734 km of expressways)

unpaved:
151,881 km (1998 est.)
total: 800 km


paved: 513 km


unpaved: 287 km


note: most coastal roads are paved, while unpaved roads serve large tracts of the interior (1995)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs use as a transshipment country for cocaine headed for Europe and the US; increasing use as a money-laundering center; domestic consumption of drugs in urban centers is increasing transit point for US- and Europe-bound narcotics with some accompanying money-laundering activity
Imports $25.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, metal manufactures, plastics machinery and electrical equipment, crude oil for refining and reexport, chemicals; foodstuffs
Imports - partners EU 28%, US 22%, Brazil 21% (1999 est.) US 54.7%, Netherlands 12.7%, UK 5.7% (2002)
Independence 9 July 1816 (from Spain) none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Industrial production growth rate 1% (2000 est.) NA
Industries food processing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel tourism, transshipment facilities, oil refining
Infant mortality rate 17.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 6.14 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 6.99 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.9% (2000 est.) 3.2% (2002 est.)
International organization participation AfDB, Australia Group, BCIE, BIS, CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-6, G-11, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MINURSO, MIPONUH, MTCR, NSG, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNTSO, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC Caricom (observer), ECLAC (associate), Interpol, IOC, UNESCO (associate), WCL, WToO (associate)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 33 (2000) NA
Irrigated land 17,000 sq km (1993 est.) 0.01 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (the nine Supreme Court judges are appointed by the president with approval by the Senate) Joint High Court of Justice (judges are appointed by the monarch)
Labor force 15 million (1999) 41,501 (1997 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% most employment is in wholesale and retail trade and repair, followed by hotels and restaurants; oil refining
Land boundaries total:
9,665 km

border countries:
Bolivia 832 km, Brazil 1,224 km, Chile 5,150 km, Paraguay 1,880 km, Uruguay 579 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
9%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
52%

forests and woodland:
19%

other:
19% (1993 est.)
arable land: 10.53% (including aloe 0.01%)


permanent crops: 0%


other: 89.47% (1998 est.)
Languages Spanish (official), English, Italian, German, French Dutch (official), Papiamento (a Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, English dialect), English (widely spoken), Spanish
Legal system mixture of US and West European legal systems; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on Dutch civil law system, with some English common law influence
Legislative branch bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of the Senate (72 seats; formerly, three members appointed by each of the provincial legislatures; presently transitioning to one-third of the members being elected every two years to six-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies (257 seats; one-half of the members elected every two years to four-year terms)

elections:
Senate - transition phase will begin in the 2001 elections when all seats will be fully contested; winners will randomly draw to determine whether they will serve a two-year, four-year, or full six-year term, beginning a rotating cycle renovating one-third of the body every two years; Chamber of Deputies - last held 24 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2001)

election results:
Senate - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA%; seats by bloc or party - Peronist 40, UCR 20, Frepaso 1, other 11; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA%; seats by bloc or party - Alliance 124 (UCR 85, Frepaso 36, others 3), Peronist 101, AR 12, other 20
unicameral Legislature or Staten (21 seats; members elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 28 September 2001 (next to be held by NA 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - MEP 52.4%, AVP 26.7%, PPA 9.6%, OLA 5.7%, Aliansa 3.5%, other 2.1%; seats by party - MEP 12, AVP 6, PPA 2, OLA 1
Life expectancy at birth total population:
75.26 years

male:
71.88 years

female:
78.82 years (2001 est.)
total population: 78.83 years


male: 75.48 years


female: 82.34 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
96.2%

male:
96.2%

female:
96.2% (1995 est.)
definition:


total population: 97%


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Chile and Uruguay Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Venezuela
Map references South America Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total:
26 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 185,355 GRT/281,475 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 9, petroleum tanker 11, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 1, short-sea passenger 2 (2000 est.)
total: 3


ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 1, petroleum tanker 1


note: there is one foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Monaco 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Military branches Argentine Army, Navy of the Argentine Republic (includes Naval Aviation, Marines, and Coast Guard), Argentine Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Aeronautical Police Force no regular indigenous military forces; Royal Dutch Navy and Marines, Coast Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure $4.3 billion (FY99) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.3% (FY99) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
9,404,434 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
7,625,425 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 20 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
335,085 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Revolution Day, 25 May (1810) Flag Day, 18 March
Nationality noun:
Argentine(s)

adjective:
Argentine
noun: Aruban(s)


adjective: Aruban; Dutch
Natural hazards San Miguel de Tucuman and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the Pampas and northeast; heavy flooding lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt
Natural resources fertile plains of the Pampas, lead, zinc, tin, copper, iron ore, manganese, petroleum, uranium NEGL; white sandy beaches
Net migration rate 0.64 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 4,090 km; petroleum products 2,900 km; natural gas 9,918 km -
Political parties and leaders Action for the Republic or AR [Domingo CAVALLO]; Front for a Country in Solidarity or Frepaso (a four-party coalition) [Carlos ALVAREZ]; Justicialist Party or PJ [Carlos Saul MENEM] (Peronist umbrella political organization); Radical Civic Union or UCR [Raul ALFONSIN]; several provincial parties Aruba Solidarity Movement or MAS [leader NA]; Aruban Democratic Alliance or Aliansa [leader NA]; Aruban Democratic Party or PDA [Leo BERLINSKI]; Aruban Liberal Party or OLA [Glenbert CROES]; Aruban Patriotic Party or PPA [Benny NISBET]; Aruban People's Party or AVP [Jan (Henny) H. EMAN]; Concentration for the Liberation of Aruba or CLA [leader NA]; People's Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Nelson O. ODUBER]; For a Restructured Aruba Now or PARA [Urbana LOPEZ]; National Democratic Action or ADN [Pedro Charro KELLY]
Political pressure groups and leaders Argentine Association of Pharmaceutical Labs (CILFA); Argentine Industrial Union (manufacturers' association); Argentine Rural Society (large landowners' association); business organizations; General Confederation of Labor or CGT (Peronist-leaning umbrella labor organization); Peronist-dominated labor movement; Roman Catholic Church; students NA
Population 37,384,816 (July 2001 est.) 70,844 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line 37% (1999 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 1.15% (2001 est.) 0.55% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Comodoro Rivadavia, Concepcion del Uruguay, La Plata, Mar del Plata, Necochea, Rio Gallegos, Rosario, Santa Fe, Ushuaia Barcadera, Oranjestad, Sint Nicolaas
Radio broadcast stations AM 260 (including 10 inactive stations), FM NA (probably more than 1,000, mostly unlicensed), shortwave 6 (1998) AM 4, FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 24.3 million (1997) -
Railways total:
33,744 km (167 km electrified)

broad gauge:
20,594 km 1.676-m gauge (141 km electrified)

standard gauge:
2,739 km 1.435-m gauge (26 km electrified)

narrow gauge:
10,154 km 1.000-m gauge; 257 km 0.750-m gauge (2000)
0 km
Religions nominally Roman Catholic 92% (less than 20% practicing), Protestant 2%, Jewish 2%, other 4% Roman Catholic 82%, Protestant 8%, Hindu, Muslim, Confucian, Jewish
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female


total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal and mandatory 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
by opening the telecommunications market to competition and foreign investment with the "Telecommunications Liberalization Plan of 1998", Argentina encouraged the growth of modern telecommunication technology; fiber-optic cable trunk lines are being installed between all major cities; the major networks are entirely digital and the availability of telephone service is being improved; however, telephone density is presently minimal, and making telephone service universally available will take some time

domestic:
microwave radio relay, fiber-optic cable, and a domestic satellite system with 40 earth stations serve the trunk network; more than 110,000 pay telephones are installed and mobile telephone use is rapidly expanding

international:
satellite earth stations - 8 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); Atlantis II and Unisur submarine cables; two international gateways near Buenos Aires (1999)
general assessment: NA


domestic: more than adequate


international: 1 submarine cable to Sint Maarten (Netherlands Antilles); extensive interisland microwave radio relay links
Telephones - main lines in use 7.5 million (1998) 33,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 3 million (December 1999) 3,402 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 42 (plus 444 repeaters) (1997) 1 (1997)
Terrain rich plains of the Pampas in northern half, flat to rolling plateau of Patagonia in south, rugged Andes along western border flat with a few hills; scant vegetation
Total fertility rate 2.44 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.79 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 15% (December 2000) 0.6%
Waterways 10,950 km none
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