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Compare Anguilla (2008) - Ethiopia (2001)

Compare Anguilla (2008) z Ethiopia (2001)

 Anguilla (2008)Ethiopia (2001)
 AnguillaEthiopia
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK) 9 ethnically-based states (kililoch, singular - kilil) and 2 self-governing administrations* (astedaderoch, singular - astedader): Adis Abeba* (Addis Ababa); Afar; Amara, Binshangul Gumuz; Dire Dawa*; Gambela Hizboch; Hareri Hizb; Oromiya; Sumale; Tigray; YeDebub Biheroch Bihereseboch na Hizboch (Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region)
Age structure 0-14 years: 22.3% (male 1,546/female 1,502)


15-64 years: 70.8% (male 4,979/female 4,705)


65 years and over: 6.9% (male 423/female 522) (2007 est.)
0-14 years:
47.18% (male 15,647,675; female 15,442,348)

15-64 years:
50.03% (male 16,584,765; female 16,378,060)

65 years and over:
2.79% (male 834,825; female 1,004,201) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising cereals, pulses, coffee, oilseed, sugarcane, potatoes, qat; hides, cattle, sheep, goats
Airports 3 (2007) 86 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
total:
12

over 3,047 m:
3

2,438 to 3,047 m:
5

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2007)
total:
74

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
7

1,524 to 2,437 m:
10

914 to 1,523 m:
35

under 914 m:
20 (2000 est.)
Area total: 102 sq km


land: 102 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total:
1,127,127 sq km

land:
1,119,683 sq km

water:
7,444 sq km
Area - comparative about half the size of Washington, DC slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Background Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency, along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency. Unique among African countries, the ancient Ethiopian monarchy maintained its freedom from colonial rule, one exception being the Italian occupation of 1936-41. In 1974 a military junta, the Derg, deposed Emperor Haile SELASSIE (who had ruled since 1930) and established a socialist state. Torn by bloody coups, uprisings, wide-scale drought, and massive refugee problems, the regime was finally toppled by a coalition of rebel forces, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), in 1991. A constitution was adopted in 1994 and Ethiopia's first multiparty elections were held in 1995. A two and a half year border war with Eritrea that ended with a peace treaty on 12 December 2000 has strengthened the ruling coalition, but has hurt the nation's economy.
Birth rate 13.97 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) 44.68 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $22.8 million


expenditures: $22.5 million (2000 est.)
revenues:
$1 billion

expenditures:
$1.48 billion, including capital expenditures of $415 million (FY96/97)
Capital name: The Valley


geographic coordinates: 18 13 N, 63 03 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Addis Ababa
Climate tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation
Coastline 61 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution Anguilla Constitutional Order 1 April 1982; amended 1990 ratified December 1994; effective 22 August 1995
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Anguilla
conventional long form:
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

conventional short form:
Ethiopia

local long form:
Ityop'iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripeblik

local short form:
Ityop'iya

former:
Abyssinia, Italian East Africa

abbreviation:
FDRE
Currency - birr (ETB)
Death rate 5.34 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) 17.84 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $8.8 million (1998) $10 billion (1999 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission:
Ambassador Tibor P. NAGY, Jr.

embassy:
Entoto Street, Addis Ababa

mailing address:
P. O. Box 1014, Addis Ababa

telephone:
[251] (1) 550666

FAX:
[251] (1) 551328
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission:
Ambassador (vacant)

chancery:
3506 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 364-1200

FAX:
[1] (202) 686-9857
Disputes - international none most of the southern half of the boundary with Somalia is a Provisional Administrative Line; as a result of the 12 December 2000 peace agreement ending a two year war with Eritrea, the UN will administer a 25-km wide temporary security zone within Eritrea until a joint boundary commission delimits and demarcates a final boundary; dispute over alignment of boundary with Eritrea led to armed conflict in 1998; a peace accord signed in December 2000 provides for UN-assisted arbitration and demarcation of the border
Economic aid - recipient $9 million (2004 est.) $367 million (FY95/96)
Economy - overview Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in the tourism industry, which has spurred the growth of the construction sector, has contributed to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector, which is small, but growing. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend largely on the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in the industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions. Ethiopia's economy is based on agriculture, which accounts for half of GDP, 90% of exports, and 80% of total employment. The agricultural sector suffers from frequent periods of drought and poor cultivation practices, and as many as 4.6 million people need food assistance annually. Coffee is critical to the Ethiopian economy, and Ethiopia earned $267 million in 1999 by exporting 105,000 metric tons. According to current estimates, coffee contributes 10% of Ethiopia's GDP. More than 15 million people (25% of the population) derive their livelihood from the coffee sector. Other exports include live animals, hides, gold, and qat. In December 1999, Ethiopia signed a $1.4 billion joint venture deal to develop a huge natural gas field in the Somali Regional State. The war with Eritrea forced the government to spend scarce resources on the military and to scale back ambitious development plans. Foreign investment has declined significantly. Government taxes imposed in late 1999 to raise money for the war depressed an already weak economy. The war forced the government to improve roads and other parts of the previously neglected infrastructure, but only certain regions of the nation benefited. Recovery from the war is mostly contingent on natural factors. A drought has continued into the end of 2000 and food relief is expected to be needed through mid-2001 at least. Ethiopia may receive Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt relief by the end of the year.
Electricity - consumption - 1.511 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production NA kWh 1.625 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
3.08%

hydro:
96.92%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Crocus Hill 65 m
lowest point:
Denakil Depression -125 m

highest point:
Ras Dejen 4,620 m
Environment - current issues supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups black (predominant) 90.1%, mixed, mulatto 4.6%, white 3.7%, other 1.5% (2001 Census) Oromo 40%, Amhara and Tigre 32%, Sidamo 9%, Shankella 6%, Somali 6%, Afar 4%, Gurage 2%, other 1%
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2007), 2.7 (2006), 2.7 (2005), 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003)


note: fixed rate since 1976
birr per US dollar (end of period) - 8.3140 (December 2000), 8.3140 (2000), 8.1340 (1999), 7.5030 (1998), 6.8640 (1997), 6.4260 (1996)

note:
since May 1993, the birr market rate has been determined in an interbank market supported by weekly wholesale auction
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Andrew N. GEORGE (since 10 July 2006)


head of government: Chief Minister Osbourne FLEMING (since 3 March 2000)


cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from among the elected members of the House of Assembly


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
chief of state:
President NEGASSO Gidada (since 22 August 1995)

head of government:
Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives

elections:
president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term; election last held NA June 1995 (next to be held NA May 2001); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections

election results:
NEGASSO Gidada elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - NA%
Exports $13 million (2006) $460 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities lobster, fish, livestock, salt, concrete blocks, rum coffee, gold, leather products, oilseeds, qat
Exports - partners UK, US, Puerto Rico, Saint-Martin (2006) Germany 16%, Japan 13%, Djibouti 10%, Saudi Arabia 7% (1999 est.)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March 8 July - 7 July
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with blue wavy water below three equal horizontal bands of green (top), yellow, and red with a yellow pentagram and single yellow rays emanating from the angles between the points on a light blue disk centered on the three bands; Ethiopia is the oldest independent country in Africa, and the colors of her flag were so often adopted by other African countries upon independence that they became known as the pan-African colors
GDP - purchasing power parity - $39.2 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 4%


industry: 18%


services: 78% (2002 est.)
agriculture:
45%

industry:
12%

services:
43% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 10.2% (2004 est.) 2% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 18 15 N, 63 10 W 8 00 N, 38 00 E
Geography - note the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles landlocked - entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 24 May 1993
Highways - total:
24,145 km

paved:
3,290 km

unpaved:
20,855 km (1998)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
3%

highest 10%:
33.7% (1995)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe transit hub for heroin originating in Southwest and Southeast Asia and destined for Europe and North America as well as cocaine destined for markets in southern Africa; cultivates qat (khat) for local use and regional export, principally to Djibouti and Somalia
Imports $143 million (2006) $1.25 billion (f.o.b., 1999)
Imports - commodities fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles food and live animals, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery, motor vehicles
Imports - partners US, Puerto Rico, UK (2006) Saudi Arabia 28%, Italy 10%, Russia 7%, US 6% (1999 est.)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) oldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest in the world - at least 2,000 years
Industrial production growth rate 3.1% (1997 est.) NA%
Industries tourism, boat building, offshore financial services food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, metals processing, cement
Infant mortality rate total: 19.61 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 25.74 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 13.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
99.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 5.3% (2006 est.) 5% (2000 est.)
International organization participation Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UPU ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land NA 1,900 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court) Federal Supreme Court (the president and vice president of the Federal Supreme Court are recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the House of People's Representatives; for other federal judges, the prime minister submits to the House of People's Representatives for appointment candidates selected by the Federal Judicial Administrative Council)
Labor force 6,049 (2001) NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining 4%, manufacturing 3%, construction 18%, transportation and utilities 10%, commerce 36%, services 29% (2000 est.) agriculture and animal husbandry 80%, government and services 12%, industry and construction 8% (1985)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
5,311 km

border countries:
Djibouti 337 km, Eritrea 912 km, Kenya 830 km, Somalia 1,626 km, Sudan 1,606 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial salt ponds) (2005)
arable land:
12%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
40%

forests and woodland:
25%

other:
22% (1993 est.)
Languages English (official) Amharic, Tigrinya, Oromigna, Guaragigna, Somali, Arabic, other local languages, English (major foreign language taught in schools)
Legal system based on English common law currently transitional mix of national and regional courts
Legislative branch unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats; 7 members elected by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members, and 2 appointed; to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 21 February 2005 (next to be held in 2010)


election results: percent of vote by party - AUF 38.9%, AUM 19.4%, ANSA 19.2%, APP 9.5%, independents 13%; seats by party - AUF 4, ANSA 2, AUM 1
bicameral Parliament consists of the House of Federation or upper chamber (108 seats; members are chosen by state assemblies to serve five-year terms) and the House of People's Representatives or lower chamber (548 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote from single-member districts to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 14 May 2000 (next to be held NA May 2005)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - OPDO 177, ANDM 134, TPLF 38, WGGPDO 27, EPRDF 19, SPDO 18, GNDM 15, KSPDO 10, ANDP 8, GPRDF 7, SOPDM 7, BGPDUF 6, BMPDO 5, KAT 4, other regional political groupings 22, independents 8; note - 43 seats unconfirmed

note:
irregularities and violence at a number of polling stations necessitated the rescheduling of voting in certain constituencies; voting postponed in Somali regional state because of severe drought
Life expectancy at birth total population: 77.46 years


male: 74.53 years


female: 80.49 years (2007 est.)
total population:
44.68 years

male:
43.88 years

female:
45.51 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 12 and over can read and write


total population: 95%


male: 95%


female: 95% (1984 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
35.5%

male:
45.5%

female:
25.3% (1995 est.)
Location Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico Eastern Africa, west of Somalia
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine - total:
11 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 85,382 GRT/108,526 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 6, container 1, petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 3 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches - Ground Forces, Air Force, Police, Militia

note:
Ethiopia is landlocked and has no navy; following the independence of Eritrea, Ethiopian naval facilities remained in Eritrean possession and ships which belonged to the former Ethiopian Navy and based at Djibouti have been sold
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $138 million (FY98/99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 2.5% (FY98/99)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
14,537,884 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
7,581,815 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
703,625 (2001 est.)
National holiday Anguilla Day, 30 May (1967) National Day (defeat of MENGISTU regime), 28 May (1991)
Nationality noun: Anguillan(s)


adjective: Anguillan
noun:
Ethiopian(s)

adjective:
Ethiopian
Natural hazards frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October) geologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions; frequent droughts
Natural resources salt, fish, lobster small reserves of gold, platinum, copper, potash, natural gas, hydropower
Net migration rate 5.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) 0.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

note:
repatriation of Ethiopians who fled to Sudan for refuge from war and famine in earlier years is expected to continue for several years; small numbers of Sudanese and Somali refugees, who fled to Ethiopia from the fighting or famine in their own countries, continue to return to their homes
Political parties and leaders Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Hubert HUGHES]; The Anguilla United Front or AUF [Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS] (a coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla National Alliance or ANA); Anguilla Progressive Party or APP [Roy ROGERS]; Anguilla Strategic Alternative or ANSA [Edison BAIRD] Afar National Democratic Party or ANDP [leader NA]; All-Amhara People's Organization or AAPO [KEGNAZ MATCH Neguea Tibeb]; Amhara National Democratic Movement or ANDM [TEFERA Walwa]; Bench Madji People's Democratic Organization or BMPDO [leader NA]; Benishangul Gumuz People's Democratic Unity Front or BGPDUF [leader NA]; Coalition of Alternative Forces for Peace and Democracy or CAFPD [Kifle TIGNEH Abate and BEYENE Petros]; Ethiopian Democratic Unity Party or EDUP [Lt. Gen. TESFAYE Gebre Kidan]; Ethiopian National Democratic Party or ENDP [FEKADU Gedamu]; Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front or EPRDF [MELES Zenawi] (an alliance of the ANDM, OPDO, and TPLF); Gedeyo People's Revolutionary Democratic Movement or GPRDF [leader NA]; Gurange Nationalities Democratic Movement or GNDM [leader NA]; Kafa Shaka People's Democratic Organization or KSPDO [leader NA]; Kembata, Alabaa, and Tembaro or KAT [leader NA]; Oromo Liberation Front or OLF [DAOUD Ibsa Gudina]; Oromo People's Democratic Organization or OPDO [KUMA Demeksa]; Sidama People's Democratic Organization or SPDO [leader NA]; South Omo People's Democratic Movement or SOPDM [leader NA]; Tigrai People's Liberation Front or TPLF [MELES Zenawi]; Walayta, Gamo, Gofa, Dawro, Konta People's Democratic Organization or WGGPDO [leader NA]; dozens of small parties
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Southern Ethiopia People's Democratic Coalition; numerous small, ethnically based groups have formed since the defeat of the former MENGISTU regime in 1991, including several Islamic militant groups
Population 13,677 (July 2007 est.) 65,891,874

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 23% (2002) NA%
Population growth rate 1.375% (2007 est.) 2.7% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - none; Ethiopia is landlocked and was by agreement with Eritrea using the ports of Assab and Massawa; since the border dispute with Eritrea flared, Ethiopia has used the port of Djibouti for nearly all of its imports
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 5, FM 0, shortwave 2 (1999)
Radios - 11.75 million (1997)
Railways - total:
681 km (Ethiopian segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)

narrow gauge:
681 km 1.000-m gauge

note:
in April 1998, Djibouti and Ethiopia announced plans to revitalize the century-old railroad that links their capitals; since May 1998 Ethiopia has expended considerable effort to repair and maintain the lines
Religions Anglican 29%, Methodist 23.9%, other Protestant 30.2%, Roman Catholic 5.7%, other Christian 1.7%, other 5.2%, none or unspecified 4.3% (2001 census) Muslim 45%-50%, Ethiopian Orthodox 35%-40%, animist 12%, other 3%-8%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.029 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.058 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female


total population: 1.033 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.83 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: modern internal telephone system


international: country code - 1-264; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) optic submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) (2007)
general assessment:
open wire and microwave radio relay system adequate for government use

domestic:
open wire; microwave radio relay; radio communication in the HF, VHF, and UHF frequencies; two domestic satellites provide the national trunk service

international:
open wire to Sudan and Djibouti; microwave radio relay to Kenya and Djibouti; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 6,200 (2002) 157,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,800 (2002) 4,000 (1999)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 25 (1999)
Terrain flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone high plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley
Total fertility rate 1.72 children born/woman (2007 est.) 7 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 8% (2002) NA%
Waterways - none
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