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Compare Anguilla (2004) - Turkey (2001)

Compare Anguilla (2004) z Turkey (2001)

 Anguilla (2004)Turkey (2001)
 AnguillaTurkey
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK) 80 provinces (iller, singular - il); Adana, Adiyaman, Afyon, Agri, Aksaray, Amasya, Ankara, Antalya, Ardahan, Artvin, Aydin, Balikesir, Bartin, Batman, Bayburt, Bilecik, Bingol, Bitlis, Bolu, Burdur, Bursa, Canakkale, Cankiri, Corum, Denizli, Diyarbakir, Edirne, Elazig, Erzincan, Erzurum, Eskisehir, Gaziantep, Giresun, Gumushane, Hakkari, Hatay, Icel, Igdir, Isparta, Istanbul, Izmir, Kahramanmaras, Karabuk, Karaman, Kars, Kastamonu, Kayseri, Kilis, Kirikkale, Kirklareli, Kirsehir, Kocaeli, Konya, Kutahya, Malatya, Manisa, Mardin, Mugla, Mus, Nevsehir, Nigde, Ordu, Osmaniye, Rize, Sakarya, Samsun, Sanliurfa, Siirt, Sinop, Sirnak, Sivas, Tekirdag, Tokat, Trabzon, Tunceli, Usak, Van, Yalova, Yozgat, Zonguldak; note - there may be another province called Duzce
Age structure 0-14 years: 23.8% (male 1,569; female 1,523)


15-64 years: 69.4% (male 4,641; female 4,385)


65 years and over: 6.8% (male 396; female 494) (2004 est.)
0-14 years:
28.42% (male 9,620,291; female 9,276,347)

15-64 years:
65.45% (male 22,116,599; female 21,401,165)

65 years and over:
6.13% (male 1,878,571; female 2,200,997) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising tobacco, cotton, grain, olives, sugar beets, pulse, citrus; livestock
Airports 3 (2003 est.) 121 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total:
86

over 3,047 m:
16

2,438 to 3,047 m:
29

1,524 to 2,437 m:
19

914 to 1,523 m:
16

under 914 m:
6 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
total:
35

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
8

under 914 m:
26 (2000 est.)
Area total: 102 sq km


land: 102 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total:
780,580 sq km

land:
770,760 sq km

water:
9,820 sq km
Area - comparative about half the size of Washington, DC slightly larger than Texas
Background Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency, along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency. Turkey was created in 1923 from the Turkish remnants of the Ottoman Empire. Soon thereafter the country instituted secular laws to replace traditional religious fiats. In 1945 Turkey joined the UN and in 1952 it became a member of NATO. Turkey occupied the northern portion of Cyprus in 1974 to prevent a Greek takeover of the island; relations between the two countries remain strained. Periodic military offensives against Kurdish separatists have dislocated part of the population in southeast Turkey and have drawn international condemnation.
Birth rate 14.45 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 18.31 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $22.8 million


expenditures: $22.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)
revenues:
$54.5 billion

expenditures:
$75.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $3.3 billion (2000)
Capital The Valley Ankara
Climate tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in interior
Coastline 61 km 7,200 km
Constitution Anguilla Constitutional Order 1 April 1982; amended 1990 7 November 1982
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Anguilla
conventional long form:
Republic of Turkey

conventional short form:
Turkey

local long form:
Turkiye Cumhuriyeti

local short form:
Turkiye
Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD) Turkish lira (TRL)
Death rate 5.46 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 5.95 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $8.8 million (1998) $109 billion (2000 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission:
Ambassador Robert PEARSON

embassy:
Ataturk Bulvarii 110, Ankara

mailing address:
PSC 93, Box 5000, APO AE 09823

telephone:
[90] (312) 468-6110

FAX:
[90] (312) 467-0019

consulate(s) general:
Istanbul (closed as of December 2000 for security review)

consulate(s):
Adana (closed as of December 2000 for security review)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission:
Ambassador Baki ILKIN

chancery:
2525 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 612-6700

FAX:
[1] (202) 612-6744

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, and New York
Disputes - international none complex maritime, air, and territorial disputes with Greece in Aegean Sea; Cyprus question with Greece; dispute with downstream riparian states (Syria and Iraq) over water development plans for the Tigris and Euphrates rivers; traditional demands regarding former Armenian lands in Turkey have subsided
Economic aid - recipient $3.5 million (1995) ODA, $195 million (1993)
Economy - overview Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in the tourism industry, which has spurred the growth of the construction sector, has contributed to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector, which is small, but growing. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend largely on the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in the industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions. Turkey's dynamic economy is a complex mix of modern industry and commerce along with traditional agriculture that still accounts for nearly 40% of employment. It has a strong and rapidly growing private sector, yet the state still plays a major role in basic industry, banking, transport, and communication. The most important industry - and largest exporter - is textiles and clothing, which is almost entirely in private hands. In recent years the economic situation has been marked by erratic economic growth and serious imbalances. Real GNP growth has exceeded 6% in most years, but this strong expansion was interrupted by sharp declines in output in 1994 and 1999. Meanwhile the public sector fiscal deficit has regularly exceeded 10% of GDP - due in large part to the huge burden of interest payments, which now account for more than 40% of central government spending - while inflation has remained in the high double digit range. Perhaps because of these problems, foreign direct investment in Turkey remains low - less than $1 billion annually. Prospects for the future are improving, however, because the ECEVIT government since June 1999 has been implementing an IMF-backed reform program, including a tighter budget, social security reform, banking reorganization, and accelerated privatization. As a result, the fiscal situation is greatly improved and inflation has dropped below 40% - the lowest rate since 1987. The country experienced a financial crisis in late 2000, including sharp drops in the stock market and foreign exchange reserves, but is recovering rapidly, thanks to additional IMF support and the government's commitment to a specific timetable of economic reforms.
Electricity - consumption 42.6 million kWh 119.5 billion kWh (2000 est.)
Electricity - exports - 350 million kWh (2000 est.)
Electricity - imports - 3.35 billion kWh (2000 est.)
Electricity - production NA 125.3 billion kWh (2000 est.)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
71%

hydro:
29%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (2000 est.)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Crocus Hill 65 m
lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mount Ararat 5,166 m
Environment - current issues supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system water pollution from dumping of chemicals and detergents; air pollution, particularly in urban areas; deforestation; concern for oil spills from increasing Bosporus ship traffic
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Air Pollution, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Environmental Modification
Ethnic groups black (predominant), mulatto, white Turkish 80%, Kurdish 20%
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976) Turkish liras per US dollar - 677,621 (December 2000), 625,219 (2000), 418,783 (1999), 260,724 (1998), 151,865 (1997), 81,405 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Alan Eden HUCKLE (since 28 May 2004)


head of government: Chief Minister Osbourne FLEMING (since 3 March 2000)


cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from among the elected members of the House of Assembly


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
chief of state:
President Ahmed Necdet SEZER (since 16 May 2000)

head of government:
Prime Minister Bulent ECEVIT (since 11 January 1999)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the nomination of the prime minister

note:
there is also a National Security Council that serves as an advisory body to the president and the cabinet

elections:
president elected by the National Assembly for a seven-year term; election last held 5 May 2000 (next scheduled to be held NA May 2007); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Ahmed Necdet SEZER elected president on the third ballot; percent of National Assembly vote - 60%

note:
president must have a two-thirds majority of the National Assembly on the first two ballots and a simple majority on the third ballot
Exports $2.6 million (1999) $26.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities lobster, fish, livestock, salt, concrete blocks, rum apparel 25.6%, foodstuffs 15.4%, textiles 12.3%, metal manufactures 8.6%, transport equipment 8.1% (1998)
Exports - partners UK, US, Puerto Rico, Saint-Martin (2000) Germany 18.7%, US 11.4%, UK 7.4%, Italy 6.3%, France 6.0% (2000 est.)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with blue wavy water below red with a vertical white crescent (the closed portion is toward the hoist side) and white five-pointed star centered just outside the crescent opening
GDP purchasing power parity - $104 million (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $444 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 4%


industry: 18%


services: 78% (1997 est.)
agriculture:
15%

industry:
29%

services:
56% (1999)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $8,600 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $6,800 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 2.8% (2001 est.) 6% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 18 15 N, 63 10 W 39 00 N, 35 00 E
Geography - note the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles strategic location controlling the Turkish Straits (Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link Black and Aegean Seas
Heliports - 2 (2000 est.)
Highways total: 105 km


paved: 65 km


unpaved: 40 km (1997)
total:
382,059 km

paved:
106,976 km (including 1,726 km of expressways)

unpaved:
275,083 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%:
2.3%

highest 10%:
32.3% (1994)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe key transit route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western Europe and - to a far lesser extent the US - via air, land, and sea routes; major Turkish, Iranian, and other international trafficking organizations operate out of Istanbul; laboratories to convert imported morphine base into heroin are in remote regions of Turkey as well as near Istanbul; government maintains strict controls over areas of legal opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate
Imports $80.9 million (1999) $55.7 billion (c.i.f., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles machinery 28.3%, chemicals 15.2%, semi-finished goods 14.5%, fuels 11%, transport equipment 9.5% (1999)
Imports - partners US, Puerto Rico, UK (2000) Germany 13.1%, Italy 7.9%, US 7.2%, Russia 7.0%, France 6.6%, UK 5.0% (2000 est.)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) 29 October 1923 (successor state to the Ottoman Empire)
Industrial production growth rate 3.1% (1997 est.) 6.2% (2000 est.)
Industries tourism, boat building, offshore financial services textiles, food processing, autos, mining (coal, chromite, copper, boron), steel, petroleum, construction, lumber, paper
Infant mortality rate total: 21.91 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 28.72 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 14.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
47.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.3% 39% (2000 est.)
International organization participation Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS (associate), UPU AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CCC, CE, CERN (observer), EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECO, ESCAP, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNOMIG, UNRWA, UNTAET, UPU, WEU (associate), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 22 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 36,740 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court) Constitutional Court (judges are appointed by the president); Court of Appeals (judges are elected by the Supreme Council of Judges and Prosecutors)
Labor force 6,049 (2001) 23 million (2000 est.)

note:
about 1.2 million Turks work abroad (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining 4%, manufacturing 3%, construction 18%, transportation and utilities 10%, commerce 36%, services 29% (2000 est.) agriculture 38%, services 38%, industry 24% (2000)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
2,627 km

border countries:
Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Bulgaria 240 km, Georgia 252 km, Greece 206 km, Iran 499 km, Iraq 331 km, Syria 822 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial salt ponds) (2001)
arable land:
32%

permanent crops:
4%

permanent pastures:
16%

forests and woodland:
26%

other:
22% (1993 est.)
Languages English (official) Turkish (official), Kurdish, Arabic, Armenian, Greek
Legal system based on English common law derived from various European continental legal systems; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats total, 7 elected by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members, and 2 appointed; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 3 March 2000 (next to be held NA June 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ANA 3, AUM 2, ADP 1, independent 1
unicameral Grand National Assembly of Turkey or Turkiye Buyuk Millet Meclisi (550 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 18 April 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - DSP 136, MHP 130, FP 110, DYP 86, ANAP 88; note - as of 7 March 2000 seating was DSP 136, MHP 127, FP 103, DYP 85, ANAP 88 independents 6, vacancies 5
Life expectancy at birth total population: 76.9 years


male: 73.99 years


female: 79.91 years (2004 est.)
total population:
71.24 years

male:
68.89 years

female:
73.71 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 12 and over can read and write


total population: 95%


male: 95%


female: 95% (1984 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
85%

male:
94%

female:
77% (2000)
Location Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia (that portion of Turkey west of the Bosporus is geographically part of Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Middle East
Maritime claims territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
exclusive economic zone:
in Black Sea only: to the maritime boundary agreed upon with the former USSR

territorial sea:
6 NM in the Aegean Sea; 12 NM in Black Sea and in Mediterranean Sea
Merchant marine none total:
548 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,617,302 GRT/9,088,451 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 140, cargo 242, chemical tanker 41, combination bulk 5, combination ore/oil 6, container 21, liquefied gas 6, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 43, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 25, short-sea passenger 10, specialized tanker 5 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches - Land Force, Navy (includes Naval Air and Naval Infantry), Air Force, Coast Guard, Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $10.6 billion (FY99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 5.6% (FY99)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
18,882,272 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
11,432,438 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 20 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
674,805 (2001 est.)
National holiday Anguilla Day, 30 May Independence Day, 29 October (1923)
Nationality noun: Anguillan(s)


adjective: Anguillan
noun:
Turk(s)

adjective:
Turkish
Natural hazards frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October) very severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van
Natural resources salt, fish, lobster antimony, coal, chromium, mercury, copper, borate, sulfur, iron ore, arable land, hydropower
Net migration rate 10.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 1,738 km; petroleum products 2,321 km; natural gas 708 km
Political parties and leaders Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Hubert HUGHES]; The United Front or UF [Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS], a coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla National Alliance or ANA; Anguilla Patriotic Movement or APM [Quincy GUMBS]; Movement for Grassroots Democracy or MFGD [Joyce KENTISH, John BENJAMIN] Democratic Left Party or DSP [Bulent ECEVIT]; Motherland Party or ANAP [Mesut YILMAZ]; Nationalist Action Party or MHP [Devlet BAHCELI]; True Path Party or DYP [Tansu CILLER]; Virtue Party or FP [Recai KUTAN]; note - in June 2001, Turkey's Constitutional Court banned the party; its representatives (except for two) can stay on in the Grand National Assembly as independents

note:
Welfare Party or RP [Necmettin ERBAKAN] was officially outlawed on 22 February 1998
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Confederation of Revolutionary Workers Unions or DISK [Ridvan BUDAK]; Independent Industrialists and Businessmen's Association or MUSIAD [Erol YARAR]; Moral Rights Workers Union or Hak-Is [Salim USLU]; Turkish Industrialists' and Businessmen's Association or TUSIAD [Muharrem KAYHAN]; Turkish Confederation of Employers' Unions or TISK [Refik BAYDUR]; Turkish Confederation of Labor or Turk-Is [Bayram MERAL]; Turkish Union of Chambers of Commerce and Commodity Exchanges or TOBB [Fuat MIRAS]
Population 13,008 (July 2004 est.) 66,493,970 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate 1.98% (2004 est.) 1.24% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Blowing Point, Road Bay Gemlik, Hopa, Iskenderun, Istanbul, Izmir, Kocaeli (Izmit), Icel (Mersin), Samsun, Trabzon
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM 6, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 16, FM 72, shortwave 6 (1998)
Radios - 11.3 million (1997)
Railways - total:
8,607 km

standard gauge:
8,607 km 1.435-m gauge (1,524 km electrified) (1999)
Religions Anglican 40%, Methodist 33%, Seventh-Day Adventist 7%, Baptist 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, other 12% Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni), other 0.2% (Christian and Jews)
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.85 male(s)/female

total population:
1.02 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: modern internal telephone system


international: country code - 1-264; microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles)
general assessment:
undergoing rapid modernization and expansion, especially cellular telephones

domestic:
additional digital exchanges are permitting a rapid increase in subscribers; the construction of a network of technologically advanced intercity trunk lines, using both fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay is facilitating communication between urban centers; remote areas are reached by a domestic satellite system; the number of subscribers to mobile cellular telephone service is growing rapidly

international:
international service is provided by three submarine fiber-optic cables in the Mediterranean and Black Seas, linking Turkey with Italy, Greece, Israel, Bulgaria, Romania, and Russia, by 12 Intelsat earth stations, and by 328 mobile satellite terminals in the Inmarsat and Eutelsat systems
Telephones - main lines in use 6,200 (2002) 19.5 million (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,800 (2002) 12.1 million (1999)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 635 (plus 2,934 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone mostly mountains; narrow coastal plain; high central plateau (Anatolia)
Total fertility rate 1.74 children born/woman (2004 est.) 2.12 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 6.7% (2001) 5.6% (plus underemployment of 5.6%) (2000 est.)
Waterways - 1,200 km (approximately)
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