Compare Andorra (2002) - Gibraltar (2003)

Compare Andorra (2002) z Gibraltar (2003)

	Andorra (2002)	Gibraltar (2003)

Administrative divisions	7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Escaldes-Engordany, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: 15.2% (male 5,456; female 4,951) 15-64 years: 71.9% (male 25,855; female 23,311) 65 years and over: 12.9% (male 4,425; female 4,405) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 18.3% (male 2,593; female 2,482) 15-64 years: 66.3% (male 9,458; female 8,946) 65 years and over: 15.4% (male 1,873; female 2,424) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	small quantities of tobacco, rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep	none
Airports	none (2001)	1 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 468 sq km land: 468 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 6.5 sq km land: 6.5 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel. In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.	Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In referendums held in 1967 and 2002, Gibraltarians ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency.
Birth rate	9.97 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	11.09 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $385 million expenditures: $342 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997)	revenues: $307 million expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY 00/01 est.)
Capital	Andorra la Vella	Gibraltar
Climate	temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers	Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	12 km
Constitution	Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; came into force 4 May 1993	30 May 1969
Country name	conventional long form: Principality of Andorra conventional short form: Andorra local long form: Principat d'Andorra local short form: Andorra	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Gibraltar
Currency	euro (EUR); French franc (FRF); Spanish peseta (ESP)	Gibraltar pound (GIP)
Death rate	5.57 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	8.93 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: (3493) 280-2227; FAX: (3493) 205-7705	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jelena V. PIA-COMELLA chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064 FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	border is undemarcated in sections	Gibraltar residents vote overwhelmingly in referendum against "total shared sovereignty" arrangement worked out between Spain and UK to change 300-year rule over colony
Economic aid - recipient	none	$NA; note - if an agreement between Spain and the UK is reached, could receive 50 million euros from the EU
Economy - overview	Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.	Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 7% to the local economy, compared with 60% in 1984. The financial sector, tourism (almost 5 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. The financial sector, the shipping sector, and tourism each contribute 25%-30% of GDP. Telecommunications accounts for another 10%. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	93 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	NA kWh	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	NA kWh note: most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	-	100 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m	lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m
Environment - current issues	deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal	limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant
Environment - international agreements	party to: Hazardous Wastes signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)	Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997); Spanish pesetas per US dollar - 149.40 (1998), 146.41 (1997)	Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998); note - the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Frederic de SAINT-SERNIN (since NA); Spanish Coprince Episcopal Monseigneur Joan Marti ALANIS (since 31 January 1971), represented by Nemesi MARQUES OSTE (since NA) head of government: Executive Council President Marc FORNE Molne (since 21 December 1994) cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander-in-Chief Sir Francis RICHARDS (since 27 May 2003) head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports	$58 million f.o.b. (1998)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	tobacco products, furniture	(principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8%
Exports - partners	France 34%, Spain 58% (1998)	UK 27.7%, Switzerland 14.3%, Germany 12%, France 6.9%, Spain 6.1%, Turkmenistan 5%, Ukraine 4.6% (2002)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem	two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2000 est.)	purchasing power parity - $500 million (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $19,000 (2000 est.)	purchasing power parity - $17,500 (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	3.8% (2000 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	42 30 N, 1 30 E	36 8 N, 5 21 W
Geography - note	landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees	strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
Highways	total: 269 km paved: 198 km unpaved: 71 km (1994 est.)	total: 29 km paved: 29 km unpaved: 0 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$1.077 billion (1998)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	consumer goods, food, electricity	fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs
Imports - partners	Spain 48%, France 35%, US 2.3% (1998)	Germany 27.3%, Spain 21.8%, UK 12.1%, Italy 8% (2002)
Independence	1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of the French count of Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, tobacco, banking	tourism, banking and finance, ship repairing, tobacco
Infant mortality rate	4.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	total: 5.31 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.92 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.67 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4.3% (2000)	1.5% (1998)
International organization participation	CCC, CE, ECE, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OSCE, UN, UNESCO, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (observer)	Interpol (subbureau)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	2 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force	33,000 (2001 est.)	14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (2000 est.)	services 60%, industry 40%, agriculture NEGL%
Land boundaries	total: 120.3 km border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km	total: 1.2 km border countries: Spain 1.2 km
Land use	arable land: 2.22% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.78% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese	English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese
Legal system	based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	English law
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 46.1%, PSD 30%, PD 23.8%, other 0.1%; seats by party - PLA 15, PSD 6, PD 5, independents 2	unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote, one appointed for the Speaker, and two ex officio members; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 27 November 2003 (next to be held not later than NA 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 83.48 years male: 80.58 years female: 86.58 years (2002 est.)	total population: 79.38 years male: 76.51 years female: 82.4 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 100% male: NA% female: NA%	definition: NA total population: above 80% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain	Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain
Map references	Europe	Europe
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine	-	total: 114 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,008,140 GRT/1,435,595 DWT ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 58, chemical tanker 14, container 20, multi-functional large-load carrier 3, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 13, roll on/roll off 2 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 1, Cyprus 1, France 2, Germany 55, Greece 6, Ireland 1, Monaco 2, Norway 3, United Kingdom 13 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France and Spain	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	no regular military forces, but there is a police force	no regular indigenous military forces; British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force
National holiday	Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)	National Day, 10 September (1967); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or go with Spain
Nationality	noun: Andorran(s) adjective: Andorran	noun: Gibraltarian(s) adjective: Gibraltar
Natural hazards	avalanches	NA
Natural resources	hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead	NEGL
Net migration rate	6.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines	-	0 km
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Party or PD (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND) [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA [Marc Forne MOLNE] (used to be Liberal Union or UL); National Democratic Initiative or IDN [Vincenc MATEU Zamora]; New Democracy or ND [Jaume BARTOMEU Cassany]; Social Democratic Party or PSD (formerly part of National Democratic Group of AND) [leader NA]; Union of the People of Ordino (Unio Parroquial d'Ordino) or UPO [Simo DURO Coma] note: there are two other small parties	Gibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA]; Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Women's Association
Population	68,403 (July 2002 est.)	27,776 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.11% (2002 est.)	0.22% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	none	Gibraltar
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	16,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Roman Catholic (predominant)	Roman Catholic 76.9%, Church of England 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish 2.3%, none or other 7% (1991)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges international: landline circuits to France and Spain	general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities domestic: automatic exchange facilities international: radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	32,946 (December 1998)	19,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	14,117 (December 1998)	1,620 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	0 (1997)	1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys	a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar
Total fertility rate	1.26 children born/woman (2002 est.)	1.65 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	0%	2% (2001 est.)
Waterways	none	none

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