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Compare Andorra (2001) - Andorra (2002)

Compare Andorra (2001) z Andorra (2002)

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 Andorra (2001)Andorra (2002)
 AndorraAndorra
Age structure 0-14 years:
15.29% (male 5,425; female 4,917)

15-64 years:
72.06% (male 25,654; female 23,078)

65 years and over:
12.65% (male 4,299; female 4,254) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 15.2% (male 5,456; female 4,951)


15-64 years: 71.9% (male 25,855; female 23,311)


65 years and over: 12.9% (male 4,425; female 4,405) (2002 est.)
Airports none (2000 est.) none (2001)
Area total:
468 sq km

land:
468 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 468 sq km


land: 468 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Background Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra has achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes. For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel. In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.
Birth rate 10.29 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 9.97 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues:
$385 million

expenditures:
$342 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997)
revenues: $385 million


expenditures: $342 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997)
Country name conventional long form:
Principality of Andorra

conventional short form:
Andorra

local long form:
Principat d'Andorra

local short form:
Andorra
conventional long form: Principality of Andorra


conventional short form: Andorra


local long form: Principat d'Andorra


local short form: Andorra
Currency French franc (FRF); Spanish peseta (ESP); euro (EUR) euro (EUR); French franc (FRF); Spanish peseta (ESP)
Death rate 5.41 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5.57 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador (vacant)

chancery:
2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017

telephone:
[1] (212) 750-8064

FAX:
[1] (212) 750-6630
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jelena V. PIA-COMELLA


chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064


FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
Disputes - international none border is undemarcated in sections
Economy - overview Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited by a scarcity of arable land, and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products. Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.
Electricity - imports NA kWh

note:
most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower
NA kWh


note: most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
NA%

hydro:
NA%

nuclear:
NA%

other:
NA%
fossil fuel: NA%


hydro: NA%


nuclear: NA%


other: NA%
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Riu Runer 840 m

highest point:
Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m
lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m


highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m
Environment - international agreements party to:
Hazardous Wastes

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Hazardous Wastes


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996); Spanish pesetas per US dollar - 149.40 (1998), 146.41 (1997), 126.66 (1996) euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997); Spanish pesetas per US dollar - 149.40 (1998), 146.41 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state:
French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Frederic de SAINT-SERNIN (since NA); Spanish Coprince Episcopal Monseigneur Joan MARTI Alanis (since 31 January 1971), represented by Nemesi MARQUES OSTE (since NA)

head of government:
Executive Council President Marc FORNE Molne (since 21 December 1994)

cabinet:
Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president

elections:
Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 16 February 1997 (next to be held NA 2001)

election results:
Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - 64%
chief of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Frederic de SAINT-SERNIN (since NA); Spanish Coprince Episcopal Monseigneur Joan Marti ALANIS (since 31 January 1971), represented by Nemesi MARQUES OSTE (since NA)


head of government: Executive Council President Marc FORNE Molne (since 21 December 1994)


cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president


elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA 2005)


election results: Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA%
Exports $58 million (f.o.b., 1998) $58 million f.o.b. (1998)
GDP purchasing power parity - $1.2 billion (1996 est.) purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $18,000 (1996 est.) purchasing power parity - $19,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% 3.8% (2000 est.)
Geography - note landlocked landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees
Highways total:
269 km

paved:
198 km

unpaved:
71 km (1994 est.)
total: 269 km


paved: 198 km


unpaved: 71 km (1994 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $1.077 billion (c.i.f., 1998) $1.077 billion (1998)
Independence 1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of France and Spain) 1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of the French count of Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel)
Infant mortality rate 4.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 4.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.62% (1998) 4.3% (2000)
Labor force 30,787 salaried employees (1998) 33,000 (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (1998) agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total:
120.3 km

border countries:
France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
total: 120.3 km


border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
Land use arable land:
4%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
45%

forests and woodland:
35%

other:
16% (1998 est.)
arable land: 2.22%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.78% (1998 est.)
Languages Catalan (official), French, Castilian Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese
Legislative branch unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 16 February 1997 (next to be held NA February 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - UL 57%, AND 21%, IDN 7%, ND 7%, other 8%; seats by party - UL 16, AND 6, ND 2, IDN 2, UPO 2
unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 46.1%, PSD 30%, PD 23.8%, other 0.1%; seats by party - PLA 15, PSD 6, PD 5, independents 2
Life expectancy at birth total population:
83.47 years

male:
80.57 years

female:
86.57 years (2001 est.)
total population: 83.48 years


male: 80.58 years


female: 86.58 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
100%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
definition: NA


total population: 100%


male: NA%


female: NA%
Military branches - no regular military forces, but there is a police force
Nationality noun:
Andorran(s)

adjective:
Andorran
noun: Andorran(s)


adjective: Andorran
Natural hazards snowslides, avalanches avalanches
Net migration rate 6.82 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders Liberal Union or UL [Marc Forne MOLNE] (renamed Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA); National Democratic Group or AND [Ladislau BARO SOLA]; National Democratic Initiative or IDN [Vincenc MATEU Zamora]; New Democracy or ND [Jaume BARTOMEU Cassany]; Union of the People of Ordino (Unio Parroquial d'Ordino) or UPO [Simo DURO Coma]

note:
there are two other small parties
Democratic Party or PD (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND) [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA [Marc Forne MOLNE] (used to be Liberal Union or UL); National Democratic Initiative or IDN [Vincenc MATEU Zamora]; New Democracy or ND [Jaume BARTOMEU Cassany]; Social Democratic Party or PSD (formerly part of National Democratic Group of AND) [leader NA]; Union of the People of Ordino (Unio Parroquial d'Ordino) or UPO [Simo DURO Coma]


note: there are two other small parties
Population 67,627 (July 2001 est.) 68,403 (July 2002 est.)
Population growth rate 1.17% (2001 est.) 1.11% (2002 est.)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.11 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.01 male(s)/female

total population:
1.1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female


total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges

international:
landline circuits to France and Spain
general assessment: NA


domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges


international: landline circuits to France and Spain
Total fertility rate 1.25 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.26 children born/woman (2002 est.)
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