Compare Akrotiri (2006) - Zambia (2008)

Compare Akrotiri (2006) z Zambia (2008)

	Akrotiri (2006)	Zambia (2008)

Administrative divisions	-	9 provinces; Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Luapula, Lusaka, Northern, North-Western, Southern, Western
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 45.7% (male 2,633,578/female 2,608,714) 15-64 years: 51.9% (male 2,969,913/female 2,990,923) 65 years and over: 2.4% (male 116,818/female 157,501) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	corn, sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower seed, vegetables, flowers, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), coffee; cattle, goats, pigs, poultry, milk, eggs, hides
Airports	-	107 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 9 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 98 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 64 under 914 m: 29 (2007)
Area	total: 123 sq km note: includes a salt lake and wetlands	total: 752,614 sq km land: 740,724 sq km water: 11,890 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly larger than Texas
Background	By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The southernmost and smallest of these is the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Western Sovereign Base Area.	The territory of Northern Rhodesia was administered by the [British] South Africa Company from 1891 until it was taken over by the UK in 1923. During the 1920s and 1930s, advances in mining spurred development and immigration. The name was changed to Zambia upon independence in 1964. In the 1980s and 1990s, declining copper prices and a prolonged drought hurt the economy. Elections in 1991 brought an end to one-party rule, but the subsequent vote in 1996 saw blatant harassment of opposition parties. The election in 2001 was marked by administrative problems with three parties filing a legal petition challenging the election of ruling party candidate Levy MWANAWASA. The new president launched an anticorruption investigation in 2002 to probe high-level corruption during the previous administration. In 2006-2007, this task force successfully prosecuted four cases, including a landmark civil case in the UK in which former President CHILUBA and numerous others were found liable for USD 41 million. MWANAWASA was reelected in 2006 in an election that was deemed free and fair.
Birth rate	-	40.78 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $2.508 billion expenditures: $2.838 billion (2007 est.)
Capital	name: Episkopi Cantonment; also serves as capital of Dhekelia geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October	name: Lusaka geographic coordinates: 15 25 S, 28 17 E time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters	tropical; modified by altitude; rainy season (October to April)
Coastline	56.3 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960	24 August 1991; amended in 1996 to establish presidential term limits
Country name	conventional long form: Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area conventional short form: Akrotiri	conventional long form: Republic of Zambia conventional short form: Zambia former: Northern Rhodesia
Death rate	-	21.46 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	-	$2.798 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of UK; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Carmen M. MARTINEZ embassy: corner of Independence and United Nations Avenues, Lusaka mailing address: P. O. Box 31617, Lusaka telephone: [260] (1) 250-955 FAX: [260] (1) 252-225
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Inonge MBIKUSITA-LEWANIKA chancery: 2419 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 265-9717 through 9719 FAX: [1] (202) 332-0826
Disputes - international	-	in 2004, Zimbabwe dropped objections to plans between Botswana and Zambia to build a bridge over the Zambezi River, thereby de facto recognizing a short, but not clearly delimited, Botswana-Zambia boundary in the river; 42,250 Congolese refugees in Zambia are offered voluntary repatriation in November 2006, most of whom are expected to return in the next two years; Angolan refugees too have been repatriating but 26,450 still remain with 90,000 others from other neighboring states in 2006
Economic aid - recipient	-	$504 million (2007)
Economy - overview	Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Akrotiri. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.	Zambia's economy has experienced modest growth in recent years, with real GDP growth in 2005-07 between 5-6% per year. Privatization of government-owned copper mines in the 1990s relieved the government from covering mammoth losses generated by the industry and greatly improved the chances for copper mining to return to profitability and spur economic growth. Copper output has increased steadily since 2004, due to higher copper prices and foreign investment. In 2005, Zambia qualified for debt relief under the Highly Indebted Poor Country Initiative, consisting of approximately USD 6 billion in debt relief. Zambia experienced a bumper harvest in 2007, which helped to boost GDP and agricultural exports and contain inflation. Although poverty continues to be significant problem in Zambia, its economy has strengthened, featuring single-digit inflation, a relatively stable currency, decreasing interest rates, and increasing levels of trade.
Electricity - consumption	-	8.655 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	-	243 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	-	465 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	-	8.85 billion kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	-	lowest point: Zambezi river 329 m highest point: unnamed location in Mafinga Hills 2,301 m
Environment - current issues	shooting around the salt lake; note - breeding place for loggerhead and green turtles; only remaining colony of griffon vultures is on the base	air pollution and resulting acid rain in the mineral extraction and refining region; chemical runoff into watersheds; poaching seriously threatens rhinoceros, elephant, antelope, and large cat populations; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; lack of adequate water treatment presents human health risks
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	-	African 98.7%, European 1.1%, other 0.2%
Exchange rates	-	Zambian kwacha per US dollar - 3,990.2 (2007), 3,601.5 (2006), 4,463.5 (2005), 4,778.9 (2004), 4,733.3 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Administrator Air Vice-Marshal Richard LACEY (since 26 April 2006); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defence elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President Levy MWANAWASA (since 2 January 2002); Vice President Rupiah BANDA (since 9 October 2006); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Levy MWANAWASA (since 2 January 2002); Vice President Rupiah BANDA (since 9 October 2006) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 28 September 2006 (next to be held in 2011); vice president appointed by the president election results: Levy MWANAWASA reelected president; percent of vote - Levy MWANAWASA 43.0%, Michael SATA 29.4%, Hakainde HICHILEMA 25.3%, Godfrey MIYANDA 1.6%, Winright NGONDO 0.8%
Exports	-	169 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	-	copper/cobalt 64%, cobalt, electricity; tobacco, flowers, cotton
Exports - partners	-	Switzerland 38.4%, South Africa 21.6%, China 10.3%, UK 7.6%, Tanzania 6.4% (2006)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of the UK is used	green with a panel of three vertical bands of red (hoist side), black, and orange below a soaring orange eagle, on the outer edge of the flag
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 17.6% industry: 26% services: 56.5% (2007 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	6% (2007 est.)
Geographic coordinates	34 37 N, 32 58 E	15 00 S, 30 00 E
Geography - note	British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus	landlocked; the Zambezi forms a natural riverine boundary with Zimbabwe
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: 1.2% highest 10%: 38.8% (2004)
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for moderate amounts of methaqualone, small amounts of heroin, and cocaine bound for southern Africa and possibly Europe; a poorly developed financial infrastructure coupled with a government commitment to combating money laundering make it an unattractive venue for money launderers; major consumer of cannabis
Imports	-	13,370 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	-	machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, electricity, fertilizer; foodstuffs, clothing
Imports - partners	-	South Africa 47.3%, UAE 10.4%, Zimbabwe 5.7%, Norway 4% (2006)
Independence	-	24 October 1964 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-	6.2% (2007 est.)
Industries	-	copper mining and processing, construction, foodstuffs, beverages, chemicals, textiles, fertilizer, horticulture
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 100.71 deaths/1,000 live births male: 105.48 deaths/1,000 live births female: 95.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	8.9% (2007 est.)
International organization participation	-	ACP, AfDB, AU, C, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Irrigated land	-	1,560 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court (the final court of appeal; justices are appointed by the president); High Court (has unlimited jurisdiction to hear civil and criminal cases)
Labor force	-	4.989 million (2007 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture: 85% industry: 6% services: 9% (2004)
Land boundaries	total: 47.4 km border countries: Cyprus 47.4 km	total: 5,664 km border countries: Angola 1,110 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 1,930 km, Malawi 837 km, Mozambique 419 km, Namibia 233 km, Tanzania 338 km, Zimbabwe 797 km
Land use	-	arable land: 6.99% permanent crops: 0.04% other: 92.97% (2005)
Languages	English, Greek	English (official), major vernaculars - Bemba, Kaonda, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga, and about 70 other indigenous languages
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply	based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in an ad hoc constitutional council; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	-	unicameral National Assembly (158 seats; 150 members are elected by popular vote, 8 members are appointed by the president, to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 28 September 2006 (next to be held in 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - MMD 72, PF 44, UDA 27, ULP 2, NDF 1, independents 2; seats not determined 2
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 38.44 years male: 38.34 years female: 38.54 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write English total population: 80.6% male: 86.8% female: 74.8% (2003 est.)
Location	peninsula on the southwest coast of Cyprus	Southern Africa, east of Angola
Map references	Middle East	Africa
Maritime claims	-	none (landlocked)
Military - note	Akrotiri has a full RAF base, Headquarters for British Forces on Cyprus, and Episkopi Support Unit	-
Military branches	-	Zambian National Defense Force (ZNDF): Army, Air Force, Police, National Service
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	1.8% (2005 est.)
National holiday	-	Independence Day, 24 October (1964)
Nationality	-	noun: Zambian(s) adjective: Zambian
Natural hazards	-	periodic drought, tropical storms (November to April)
Natural resources	-	copper, cobalt, zinc, lead, coal, emeralds, gold, silver, uranium, hydropower
Net migration rate	-	-2.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines	-	oil 771 km (2007)
Political parties and leaders	-	All Peoples Congress Party [Winright NGONDO]; Forum for Democracy and Development or FDD [Edith NAWAKWI]; Heritage Party or HP [Godfrey MIYANDA]; Liberal Progressive Front or LPF [Roger CHONGWE]; Movement for Multiparty Democracy or MMD [Levy MWANAWASA]; National Democratic Focus or NDF; Patriotic Front or PF [Michael SATA]; Party of Unity for Democracy and Development or PUDD [Dan PULE]; Reform Party [Nevers MUMBA]; United Democratic Alliance or UDA; United Liberal Party or ULP [Sakwiba SIKOTA]; United National Independence Party or UNIP [Tilyenji KAUNDA]; United Party for National Development or UPND [Hakainde HICHILEMA]; Zambia Democratic Congress or ZADECO [Langton SICHONE]; Zambian Republican Party or ZRP [Benjamin MWILA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,300 military personnel are on the base; there are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military personnel or civilian staff on both Akrotiri and Dhekelia; Cyprus citizens work on the base, but do not live there	11,477,447 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	86% (1993)
Population growth rate	-	1.664% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	FM 1 note: British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia (2006)	AM 19, FM 5, shortwave 4 (2001)
Railways	-	total: 2,157 km narrow gauge: 2,157 km 1.067-m gauge note: includes 891 km of the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA) (2006)
Religions	-	Christian 50%-75%, Muslim and Hindu 24%-49%, indigenous beliefs 1%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.993 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.742 male(s)/female total population: 0.994 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	-	general assessment: facilities are aging but still among the best in Sub-Saharan Africa domestic: high-capacity microwave radio relay connects most larger towns and cities; several cellular telephone services in operation and network coverage is improving; Internet service is widely available; very small aperture terminal (VSAT) networks are operated by private firms international: country code - 260; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	-	93,400 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	1,663,300 (2006)
Television broadcast stations	British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia (2006)	9 (2001)
Terrain	-	mostly high plateau with some hills and mountains
Total fertility rate	-	5.31 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	50% (2000 est.)
Waterways	-	2,250 km (includes Lake Tanganyika and the Zambezi and Luapula rivers) (2005)

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