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Compare Akrotiri (2006) - Reunion (2003)

Compare Akrotiri (2006) z Reunion (2003)

 Akrotiri (2006)Reunion (2003)
 AkrotiriReunion
Administrative divisions - none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons
Age structure - 0-14 years: 31.3% (male 121,119; female 115,501)


15-64 years: 62.8% (male 233,607; female 240,502)


65 years and over: 5.9% (male 18,036; female 26,406) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products - sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn
Airports - 2 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 123 sq km


note: includes a salt lake and wetlands
total: 2,517 sq km


land: 2,507 sq km


water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Rhode Island
Background By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The southernmost and smallest of these is the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Western Sovereign Base Area. The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration, supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians, gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route.
Birth rate - 20.17 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget - revenues: $1.26 billion


expenditures: $2.62 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998)
Capital name: Episkopi Cantonment; also serves as capital of Dhekelia


geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E


time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Saint-Denis
Climate temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April
Coastline 56.3 km 207 km
Constitution Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area


conventional short form: Akrotiri
conventional long form: Department of Reunion


conventional short form: Reunion


local long form: none


local short form: Ile de la Reunion


former: Bourbon Island
Currency - euro (EUR)
Death rate - 5.49 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status overseas territory of UK; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international - none
Economic aid - recipient - $NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Akrotiri. All food and manufactured goods must be imported. The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, but services now dominate. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France.
Electricity - consumption - 1.005 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 1.08 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 55.5%


hydro: 44.5%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes - lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m
Environment - current issues shooting around the salt lake; note - breeding place for loggerhead and green turtles; only remaining colony of griffon vultures is on the base NA
Ethnic groups - French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian
Exchange rates - euros per US dollar - 1.06 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Administrator Air Vice-Marshal Richard LACEY (since 26 April 2006); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defence


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Gonthier FRIEDERICI (since NA)


head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993)
Exports - partners - France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (2000)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of the UK is used the flag of France is used
GDP - purchasing power parity - $4.174 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 8%


industry: 19%


services: 73% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $5,600 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 2.5% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 34 37 N, 32 58 E 21 06 S, 55 36 E
Geography - note British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean
Highways - total: 2,724 km


paved: 1,300 km (including 73 km of four-lane road)


unpaved: 1,424 km (1994)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products
Imports - partners - France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (2000)
Independence - none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction
Infant mortality rate - total: 8.13 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.89 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA%
International organization participation - FZ, InOC, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land - 120 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel
Labor force - 309,900 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 13%, industry 12%, services 75% (2000)
Land boundaries total: 47.4 km


border countries: Cyprus 47.4 km
0 km
Land use - arable land: 13.2%


permanent crops: 2%


other: 84.8% (1998 est.)
Languages English, Greek French (official), Creole widely used
Legal system the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply French law
Legislative branch - unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 19, UDF 9, RPR 8, various right-wing candidates 4, various left-wing candidates 5


note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 73.43 years


male: 70.03 years


female: 77 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 88.9%


male: 87%


female: 90.8% (2003 est.)
Location peninsula on the southwest coast of Cyprus Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
Map references Middle East World
Maritime claims - exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Military - note Akrotiri has a full RAF base, Headquarters for British Forces on Cyprus, and Episkopi Support Unit defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches - no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 198,341 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 101,116 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 6,795 (2003 est.)
National holiday - Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality - noun: Reunionese (singular and plural)


adjective: Reunionese
Natural hazards - periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano
Natural resources - fish, arable land, hydropower
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: approximately 1,300 military personnel are on the base; there are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military personnel or civilian staff on both Akrotiri and Dhekelia; Cyprus citizens work on the base, but do not live there
755,171 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 1.47% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors - Le Port, Pointe des Galets
Radio broadcast stations FM 1


note: British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia (2006)
AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis


domestic: modern open-wire and microwave radio relay network


international: radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 268,500 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 197,000 (September 2000)
Television broadcast stations British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia (2006) 35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001)
Terrain - mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast
Total fertility rate - 2.53 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate - 36% (1999 est.)
Waterways - none
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