Compare Tokelau (2008) - Maldives (2003)

Compare Tokelau (2008) z Maldives (2003)

	Tokelau (2008)	Maldives (2003)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of New Zealand)	19 atolls (atholhu, singular and plural) and 1 other first-order administrative division; Alifu, Baa, Dhaalu, Faafu, Gaafu Alifu, Gaafu Dhaalu, Gnaviyani, Haa Alifu, Haa Dhaalu, Kaafu, Laamu, Lhaviyani, Maale, Meemu, Noonu, Raa, Seenu, Shaviyani, Thaa, Vaavu
Age structure	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5%	0-14 years: 44.9% (male 75,991; female 71,826) 15-64 years: 52.1% (male 87,734; female 84,150) 65 years and over: 3% (male 5,073; female 4,910) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats; fish	coconuts, corn, sweet potatoes; fish
Airports	-	5 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 2 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2002)
Area	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 300 sq km land: 300 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	about 1.7 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.	The Maldives were long a sultanate, first under Dutch and then under British protection. They became a republic in 1968, three years after independence. Tourism and fishing are being developed on the archipelago.
Birth rate	NA	36.71 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $430,800 expenditures: $2.8 million (1987 est.)	revenues: $224 million (excluding foreign grants) expenditures: $282 million, including capital expenditures of $80 million (2002 est.)
Capital	none; each atoll has its own administrative center time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Male
Climate	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)	tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August)
Coastline	101 km	644 km
Constitution	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970	adopted January 1998
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau	conventional long form: Republic of Maldives conventional short form: Maldives local long form: Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa local short form: Dhivehi Raajje
Currency	-	rufiyaa (MVR)
Death rate	NA	7.65 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	-	$281 million (2003 est.)
Dependency status	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand; a UN sponsored referendum on self governance in October 2007 did not produce the two-thirds majority vote necessary for changing the political status	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of New Zealand)	the US does not have an embassy in Maldives; the US Ambassador to Sri Lanka is accredited to Maldives and makes periodic visits there
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of New Zealand)	Maldives does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a Permanent Mission to the UN in New York; permanent representative is Dr. Mohamed LATHEEF
Disputes - international	Tokelau included American Samoa's Swains Island (Olohega) in its 2006 draft constitution	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	$NA
Economy - overview	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.	Tourism, Maldives largest industry, accounts for 20% of GDP and more than 60% of the Maldives' foreign exchange receipts. Over 90% of government tax revenue comes from import duties and tourism-related taxes. Almost 400,000 tourists visited the islands in 1998. Fishing is a second leading sector. The Maldivian Government began an economic reform program in 1989 initially by lifting import quotas and opening some exports to the private sector. Subsequently, it has liberalized regulations to allow more foreign investment. Agriculture and manufacturing continue to play a lesser role in the economy, constrained by the limited availability of cultivable land and the shortage of domestic labor. Most staple foods must be imported. Industry, which consists mainly of garment production, boat building, and handicrafts, accounts for about 18% of GDP. Maldivian authorities worry about the impact of erosion and possible global warming on their low-lying country; 80% of the area is one meter or less above sea level.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	108.8 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	NA kWh	117 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Wilingili island in the Addu Atoll 2.4 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand	depletion of freshwater aquifers threatens water supplies; global warming and sea level rise; coral reef bleaching
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Polynesian	South Indians, Sinhalese, Arabs
Exchange rates	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.3811 (2007), 1.5408 (2006), 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003)	rufiyaa per US dollar - 12.8 (2002), 12.24 (2001), 11.77 (2000), 11.77 (1999), 11.77 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); New Zealand is represented by Administrator David PAYTON (since 17 October 2006) head of government: Pio TUIA (since 23 February 2008); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors), functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term	chief of state: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president; note - need not be members of Majlis elections: president nominated by the Majlis and then the nomination must be ratified by a national referendum (at least a 51% approval margin is required); president elected for a five-year term; election last held 16 October 1998 (next to be held NA October 2003) election results: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM reelected in referendum held 17 October 2003; percent of popular vote - Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM 90.3%
Exports	$0	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	stamps, copra, handicrafts	fish, clothing
Exports - partners	New Zealand (2006)	US 51.7%, Sri Lanka 16.2%, Thailand 9.3%, Japan 7.6%, UK 4.6% (2002)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of New Zealand is used	red with a large green rectangle in the center bearing a vertical white crescent; the closed side of the crescent is on the hoist side of the flag
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $1.25 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 20% industry: 18% services: 62% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $3,900 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	2.3% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	9 00 S, 172 00 W	3 15 N, 73 00 E
Geography - note	consists of three atolls (Atafu, Fakaofo, Nukunonu), each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over 3 m above sea level	1,190 coral islands grouped into 26 atolls (200 inhabited islands, plus 80 islands with tourist resorts); archipelago with strategic location astride and along major sea lanes in Indian Ocean
Highways	-	total: NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$969,200 c.i.f. (2002)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel	consumer goods, intermediate and capital goods, petroleum products
Imports - partners	New Zealand (2006)	Singapore 25.6%, Sri Lanka 15%, UAE 14.5%, India 6.6%, Malaysia 5.7%, Thailand 4% (2002)
Independence	none (territory of New Zealand)	26 July 1965 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-	4.4% (1996 est.)
Industries	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing	fish processing, tourism, shipping, boat building, coconut processing, garments, woven mats, rope, handicrafts, coral and sand mining
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 60.13 deaths/1,000 live births male: 59.23 deaths/1,000 live births female: 61.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	1% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	PIF (observer), SPC, UNESCO (associate), UPU	AsDB, C, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, SAARC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau	High Court
Labor force	440 (2001)	88,000 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture 22%, industry 18%, services 60% (1995)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 3.33% permanent crops: 6.67% other: 90% (1998 est.)
Languages	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English	Maldivian Dhivehi (dialect of Sinhala, script derived from Arabic), English spoken by most government officials
Legal system	New Zealand and local statutes	based on Islamic law with admixtures of English common law primarily in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral General Fono (20 seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Atafu has seven seats, Fakaofo has seven seats, Nukunonu has six seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono elections: last held 17-19 January 2008 (next to be held in 2011) election results: independents 20	unicameral People's Council or Majlis (50 seats; 42 elected by popular vote, 8 appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 20 November 1999 (next to be held NA November 2004) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 42
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 63.3 years male: 62.07 years female: 64.6 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.2% male: 97.1% female: 97.3% (2003 est.)
Location	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand	Southern Asia, group of atolls in the Indian Ocean, south-southwest of India
Map references	Oceania	Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	total: 15 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 42,689 GRT/56,132 DWT ships by type: cargo 13, petroleum tanker 1, short-sea passenger 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand	-
Military branches	-	National Security Service
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$34.46 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	8.6% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 78,025 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 43,386 (2003 est.)
National holiday	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)	Independence Day, 26 July (1965)
Nationality	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan	noun: Maldivian(s) adjective: Maldivian
Natural hazards	lies in Pacific typhoon belt	low level of islands makes them very sensitive to sea level rise
Natural resources	NEGL	fish
Net migration rate	NA	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none	although political parties are not banned, none exist
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	none
Population	1,449 (July 2007 est.)	329,684 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.018% (2007 est.)	2.91% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Gan, Male
Radio broadcast stations	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA (one radio station provides service to all islands) (2002)	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)
Railways	-	0 km
Religions	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant	Sunni Muslim
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	21 years of age; universal	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: modern satellite-based communications system domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations	general assessment: minimal domestic and international facilities domestic: interatoll communication through microwave links; all inhabited islands are connected with telephone and fax service international: satellite earth station - 3 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	300 (2002)	21,000 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	1,290 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	-	1 (1997)
Terrain	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons	flat, with white sandy beaches
Total fertility rate	NA	5.26 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	NEGL%
Waterways	-	none

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