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Compare Tajikistan (2004) - Guyana (2005)

Compare Tajikistan (2004) z Guyana (2005)

 Tajikistan (2004)Guyana (2005)
 TajikistanGuyana
Administrative divisions 2 provinces (viloyatho, singular - viloyat) and 1 autonomous province* (viloyati mukhtor); Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon* [Gorno-Badakhshan] (Khorugh), Viloyati Khatlon (Qurghonteppa), Viloyati Sughd (Khujand)


note: the administrative center name follows in parentheses
10 regions; Barima-Waini, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Demerara-Mahaica, East Berbice-Corentyne, Essequibo Islands-West Demerara, Mahaica-Berbice, Pomeroon-Supenaam, Potaro-Siparuni, Upper Demerara-Berbice, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo
Age structure 0-14 years: 39.2% (male 1,384,035; female 1,361,137)


15-64 years: 56.1% (male 1,957,712; female 1,976,488)


65 years and over: 4.7% (male 145,717; female 186,467) (2004 est.)
0-14 years: 26.4% (male 103,054/female 99,279)


15-64 years: 68.5% (male 263,953/female 260,000)


65 years and over: 5.1% (male 16,801/female 22,196) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats sugarcane, rice, wheat, vegetable oils; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish, shrimp
Airports 66 (2003 est.) 49 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 15


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2003 est.)
total: 8


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 51


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 10


under 914 m: 40 (2003 est.)
total: 41


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 32 (2004 est.)
Area total: 143,100 sq km


land: 142,700 sq km


water: 400 sq km
total: 214,970 sq km


land: 196,850 sq km


water: 18,120 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Wisconsin slightly smaller than Idaho
Background Tajikistan has completed its transition from the civil war that plagued the country from 1992 to 1997. There have been no major security incidents in more than two years, although the country remains the poorest in the region. Attention by the international community in the wake of the war in Afghanistan has brought increased economic development assistance, which could create jobs and increase stability in the long term. Tajikistan is in the early stages of seeking World Trade Organization membership and has joined NATO's Partnership for Peace. Originally a Dutch colony in the 17th century, by 1815 Guyana had become a British possession. The abolition of slavery led to black settlement of urban areas and the importation of indentured servants from India to work the sugar plantations. This ethnocultural divide has persisted and has led to turbulent politics. Guyana achieved independence from the UK in 1966, but until the early 1990s it was ruled mostly by socialist-oriented governments. In 1992, Cheddi JAGAN was elected president, in what is considered the country's first free and fair election since independence. Upon his death five years later, he was succeeded by his wife Janet, who resigned in 1999 due to poor health. Her successor, Bharrat JAGDEO, was reelected in 2001.
Birth rate 32.63 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 18.45 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues: $253.5 million


expenditures: $238.5 million, including capital expenditures of $86 million (2003 est.)
revenues: $287.6 million


expenditures: $371.6 million, including capital expenditures of $93.4 million (2004 est.)
Capital Dushanbe Georgetown
Climate midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two rainy seasons (May to mid-August, mid-November to mid-January)
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 459 km
Constitution 6 November 1994 6 October 1980
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Tajikistan


conventional short form: Tajikistan


local long form: Jumhurii Tojikiston


local short form: Tojikiston


former: Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic
conventional long form: Co-operative Republic of Guyana


conventional short form: Guyana


former: British Guiana
Currency somoni -
Death rate 8.42 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 8.32 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $1 billion (2002 est.) $1.2 billion (2002)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Richard E. HOAGLAND


embassy: 10 Pavlova Street, Dushanbe, Tajikistan 734003; note - the embassy in Dushanbe is not yet fully operational; most business is still handled in Almaty at: 531 Sayfullin Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan, telephone 7-3272-58-79-61, FAX 7-3272-58-79-68


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [992] (372) 21-03-48, 21-03-52, 24-15-60


FAX: [992] (372) 21-03-62, 51-00-28
chief of mission: Ambassador Roland BULLEN


embassy: 100 Young and Duke Streets, Kingston, Georgetown


mailing address: P. O. Box 10507, Georgetown


telephone: [592] 225-4900 through 4909


FAX: [592] 225-8497
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Hamrohon ZARIPOV


chancery: 1725 K Street NW, Suite 409, Washington, DC 20006


telephone: [1] (202) 223-6090


FAX: [1] (202) 223-6091
chief of mission: Ambassador Bayney KARRAN


chancery: 2490 Tracy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 265-6900


FAX: [1] (202) 232-1297


consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international prolonged regional drought created water-sharing difficulties for Amu Darya river states; boundary agreements signed in 2002 cede 1,000 sq km of Pamir Mountain range to China in return for China relinquishing claims to 28,000 sq km of Tajikistani lands but demarcation has not yet commenced; talks continue with Uzbekistan to delimit border and remove minefields; disputes in Isfara Valley delay delimitation with Kyrgyzstan all of the area west of the Essequibo (river) is claimed by Venezuela preventing any discussion of a maritime boundary; Guyana has expressed its intention to join Barbados in asserting claims before UNCLOS that Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into their waters; Suriname claims a triangle of land between the New and Kutari/Koetari rivers in a historic dispute over the headwaters of the Courantyne; Guyana seeks UNCLOS arbitration to resolve the long-standing dispute with Suriname over the axis of the territorial sea boundary in potentially oil-rich waters
Economic aid - recipient $60.7 million from US (2001) $84 million (1995), Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiative (HIPC) $253 million (1997)
Economy - overview Tajikistan has the lowest per capita GDP among the 15 former Soviet republics. Only 5% to 6% of the land area is arable. Cotton is the most important crop. Mineral resources, varied but limited in amount, include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry consists only of a large aluminum plant, hydropower facilities, and small obsolete factories mostly in light industry and food processing. The civil war (1992-97) severely damaged the already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production. Even though 60% of its people continue to live in abject poverty, Tajikistan has experienced steady economic growth since 1997. Continued privatization of medium and large state-owned enterprises will further increase productivity. Tajikistan's economic situation, however, remains fragile due to uneven implementation of structural reforms, weak governance, widespread unemployment, and the external debt burden. A debt restructuring agreement was reached with Russia in December 2002, including an interest rate of 4%, a 3-year grace period, and a US $49.8 million credit to the Central Bank of Tajikistan. The Guyanese economy exhibited moderate economic growth in 2001-02, based on expansion in the agricultural and mining sectors, a more favorable atmosphere for business initiatives, a more realistic exchange rate, fairly low inflation, and the continued support of international organizations. Growth then slowed in 2003 and came back gradually in 2004, buoyed largely by increased export earnings. Chronic problems include a shortage of skilled labor and a deficient infrastructure. The government is juggling a sizable external debt against the urgent need for expanded public investment. The bauxite mining sector should benefit in the near term from restructuring and partial privatization.
Electricity - consumption 14.52 billion kWh (2001) 751.4 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 3.909 billion kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 5.242 billion kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 14.18 billion kWh (2001) 808 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m


highest point: Qullai Ismoili Somoni 7,495 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Roraima 2,835 m
Environment - current issues inadequate sanitation facilities; increasing levels of soil salinity; industrial pollution; excessive pesticides water pollution from sewage and agricultural and industrial chemicals; deforestation
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Tajik 64.9%, Uzbek 25%, Russian 3.5% (declining because of emigration), other 6.6% East Indian 50%, black 36%, Amerindian 7%, white, Chinese, and mixed 7%
Exchange rates Tajikistani somoni per US dollar - 3.0614 (2003), 2.7641 (2002), 2.3722 (2001), 2.0763 (2000), 1.2378 (1999)


note: the new unit of exchange was introduced on 30 October 2000, with one somoni equal to 1,000 of the old Tajikistani rubles
Guyanese dollars per US dollar - 198.33 (2004), 193.88 (2003), 190.67 (2002), 187.32 (2001), 182.43 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state: President Emomali RAHMONOV (since 6 November 1994; head of state and Supreme Assembly chairman since 19 November 1992)


head of government: Prime Minister Oqil OQILOV (since 20 January 1999)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Supreme Assembly


elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 6 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2006); prime minister appointed by the president; Tajikistan held a constitutional referendum on 22 June 2003 that, among other things, set a term limit of two seven-year terms for the president


election results: Emomali RAHMONOV elected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMONOV 97%, Davlat USMON 2%
chief of state: President Bharrat JAGDEO (since 11 August 1999); note - assumed presidency after resignation of President Janet JAGAN


head of government: Prime Minister Samuel HINDS (since December 1997)


cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, responsible to the legislature


elections: president elected by the majority party in the National Assembly following legislative elections, which must be held at least every five years; elections last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held by March 2006); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: President Bharrat JAGDEO reelected; percent of legislative vote - NA%
Exports NA (2001) NA
Exports - commodities aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles sugar, gold, bauxite/alumina, rice, shrimp, molasses, rum, timber
Exports - partners Netherlands 25.4%, Turkey 24.4%, Latvia 9.9%, Switzerland 9.7%, Uzbekistan 8.5%, Russia 6.6%, Iran 6.4% (2003) Canada 23.2%, US 19.2%, UK 10.9%, Portugal 9%, Belgium 6.4%, Jamaica 5.2% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three horizontal stripes of red (top), a wider stripe of white, and green; a gold crown surmounted by seven gold, five-pointed stars is located in the center of the white stripe green, with a red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a long, yellow arrowhead; there is a narrow, black border between the red and yellow, and a narrow, white border between the yellow and the green
GDP purchasing power parity - $6.812 billion (2003 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 30.8%


industry: 29.1%


services: 40.1% (2003 est.)
agriculture: 38.3%


industry: 19.9%


services: 41.8% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $3,800 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 7% (2003 est.) 1.9% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 39 00 N, 71 00 E 5 00 N, 59 00 W
Geography - note landlocked; mountainous region dominated by the Trans-Alay Range in the north and the Pamirs in the southeast; highest point, Qullai Ismoili Somoni (formerly Communism Peak), was the tallest mountain in the former USSR the third-smallest country in South America after Suriname and Uruguay; substantial portions of its western and eastern territories are claimed by Venezuela and Suriname respectively
Highways total: 27,767 km


paved: NA


unpaved: NA (2000)
total: 7,970 km


paved: 590 km


unpaved: 7,380 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 3.2%


highest 10%: 25.2% (1998)
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs major transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; limited illicit cultivation of opium poppy for domestic consumption; Tajikistan seizes roughly 80 percent of all drugs captured in Central Asia and stands third world-wide in seizures of opiates (heroin and raw opium) transshipment point for narcotics from South America - primarily Venezuela - to Europe and the US; producer of cannabis
Imports NA (2001) NA
Imports - commodities electricity, petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs manufactures, machinery, petroleum, food
Imports - partners Russia 20.2%, Uzbekistan 15.1%, Kazakhstan 10.9%, Azerbaijan 7%, Ukraine 7%, Romania 4.4% (2003) Trinidad and Tobago 24.8%, US 24.5%, Cuba 6.8%, UK 5.4% (2004)
Independence 9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) 26 May 1966 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 10.3% (2000 est.) 7.1% (1997 est.)
Industries aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers bauxite, sugar, rice milling, timber, textiles, gold mining
Infant mortality rate total: 112.1 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 124.47 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 99.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
total: 33.26 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 36.94 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 29.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 16.3% (2003 est.) 4.5% (2004 est.)
International organization participation AsDB, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIGA, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, CSN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OIC, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Irrigated land 7,200 sq km (1998 est.) 1,500 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president) Supreme Court of Judicature; Judicial Court of Appeal; High Court
Labor force 3.187 million (2000) 418,000 (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 67.2%, industry 7.5%, services 25.3% (2000 est.) agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries total: 3,651 km


border countries: Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km
total: 2,462 km


border countries: Brazil 1,119 km, Suriname 600 km, Venezuela 743 km
Land use arable land: 6.61%


permanent crops: 0.92%


other: 92.47% (2001)
arable land: 2.44%


permanent crops: 0.15%


other: 97.41% (2001)
Languages Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business English, Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu
Legal system based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts based on English common law with certain admixtures of Roman-Dutch law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch bicameral Supreme Assembly or Majlisi Oli consists of the Assembly of Representatives (lower chamber) or Majlisi Namoyandagon (63 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the National Assembly (upper chamber) or Majlisi Milliy (33 seats; members are indirectly elected, 25 selected by local deputies, 8 appointed by the president; all serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 27 February and 12 March 2000 for the Assembly of Representatives (next to be held NA 2005) and 23 March 2000 for the National Assembly (next to be held NA 2005)


election results: Assembly of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDPT 65%, Communist Party 20%, Islamic Revival Party 7.5%, other 7.5%; seats by party - NA; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA
unicameral National Assembly (68 seats, 65 elected by popular vote, 1 elected Speaker of the National Assembly, and 2 nonvoting members appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held March 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPP/C 34, PNC 27, GAP and WPA 2, ROAR 1, TUF 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 64.47 years


male: 61.53 years


female: 67.55 years (2004 est.)
total population: 65.5 years


male: 62.86 years


female: 68.28 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99.4%


male: 99.6%


female: 99.1% (2003 est.)
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98.8%


male: 99.1%


female: 98.5% (2003 est.)
Location Central Asia, west of China Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Suriname and Venezuela
Map references Asia South America
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the outer edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine - total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 7,475 GRT/8,758 DWT


by type: cargo 5, refrigerated cargo 1


registered in other countries: 3 (2005)
Military branches Army, Air Force, Air Defense Force, Presidential National Guard Guyana Defense Force: Ground Forces, Coast Guard, Air Corps, Guyana People's Militia
Military expenditures - dollar figure $35.4 million (FY01) $6.5 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 3.9% (FY01) 0.9% (2004)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 1,762,730 (2004 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 1,444,325 (2004 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 86,761 (2004 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day (or National Day), 9 September (1991) Republic Day, 23 February (1970)
Nationality noun: Tajikistani(s)


adjective: Tajikistani
noun: Guyanese (singular and plural)


adjective: Guyanese
Natural hazards earthquakes and floods flash floods are a constant threat during rainy seasons
Natural resources hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold bauxite, gold, diamonds, hardwood timber, shrimp, fish
Net migration rate -2.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) -7.51 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines gas 541 km; oil 38 km (2004) -
Political parties and leaders Democratic Party or DPT [Mahmadruzi ISKANDAROV]; Islamic Revival Party [Said Abdullo NURI]; People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan or PDPT [Emomali RAHMONOV]; Social Democratic Party or SDPT [Rahmatullo ZOIROV]; Socialist Party or SPT [Mirhuseyn NAZRIYEV]; Tajik Communist Party or CPT [Shodi SHABDOLOV] Alliance for Guyana or AFG (includes Guyana Labor Party or GLP and Working People's Alliance or WPA) [Rupert ROOPNARAINE]; Guyana Action Party or GAP [Paul HARDY]; Guyana Labor Party or GLP [leader NA]; People's National Congress or PNC [Robert Herman Orlando CORBIN]; People's Progressive Party/Civic or PPP/C [Bharrat JAGDEO]; Rise, Organize, and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; The United Force or TUF [Manzoor NADIR]; Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPNARAINE]
Political pressure groups and leaders there are three unregistered political parties: Agrarian Party or APT [Hikmatullo Nasriddinov]; Progressive Party [Sulton QUVVATOV]; Unity Party [Hikmatullo SAIDOV] Civil Liberties Action Committee or CLAC; Guyana Council of Indian Organizations or GCIO; Trades Union Congress or TUC


note: the GCIO and the CLAC are small and active but not well organized
Population 7,011,556 (July 2004 est.) 765,283


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line 60% (2003 est.) NA
Population growth rate 2.14% (2004 est.) 0.26% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors none Georgetown
Radio broadcast stations AM 8, FM 10, shortwave 2 (2002) AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998)
Railways total: 482 km


broad gauge: 482 km 1.520-m gauge (2003)
total: 187 km


standard gauge: 139 km 1.435-m gauge


narrow gauge: 48 km 0.914-m gauge


note: all dedicated to ore transport (2001 est.)
Religions Sunni Muslim 85%, Shi'a Muslim 5%, other 10% (2003 est.) Christian 50%, Hindu 35%, Muslim 10%, other 5%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not reached by the national network


domestic: cable and microwave radio relay


international: country code - 992; linked by cable and microwave radio relay to other CIS republics and by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; Dushanbe linked by Intelsat to international gateway switch in Ankara (Turkey); satellite earth stations - 1 Orbita and 2 Intelsat
general assessment: fair system for long-distance service


domestic: microwave radio relay network for trunk lines


international: country code - 592; tropospheric scatter to Trinidad; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 242,100 (2003) 80,400 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 47,600 (2003) 87,300 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 13 (2001) 3 (one public station; two private stations which relay US satellite services) (1997)
Terrain Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south
Total fertility rate 4.11 children born/woman (2004 est.) 2.05 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 40% (2002 est.) 9.1% (understated) (2000)
Waterways 200 km (along Vakhsh River) (2003) 1,077 km


note: Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km respectively (2004)
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