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 San Marino (2001)San Marino (2008)
 San MarinoSan Marino
Administrative divisions 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle
Age structure 0-14 years:
15.88% (male 2,241; female 2,100)

15-64 years:
67.94% (male 9,048; female 9,525)

65 years and over:
16.18% (male 1,902; female 2,520) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 16.8% (male 2,573/female 2,404)


15-64 years: 66.1% (male 9,388/female 10,178)


65 years and over: 17.1% (male 2,190/female 2,882) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
Airports none -
Area total:
61.2 sq km

land:
61.2 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 61.2 sq km


land: 61.2 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The third smallest state in Europe (after The Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor. The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marino in A.D. 301. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy; social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.
Birth rate 10.76 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 9.89 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$400 million

expenditures:
$400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $709.6 million


expenditures: $672.3 million (2004)
Capital San Marino name: San Marino


geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E


time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of San Marino

conventional short form:
San Marino

local long form:
Repubblica di San Marino

local short form:
San Marino
conventional long form: Republic of San Marino


conventional short form: San Marino


local long form: Repubblica di San Marino


local short form: San Marino
Currency Italian lira (ITL); euro (EUR) -
Death rate 7.68 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 8.27 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $NA $NA
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino
Diplomatic representation in the US San Marino does not have an embassy in the US

honorary consulate(s) general:
Washington, DC, and New York

honorary consulate(s):
Detroit
San Marino does not have an embassy in the US


honorary consulate(s) general: New York, Washington, DC


honorary consulate(s): Detroit, Honolulu
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $NA $NA
Economy - overview The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1999 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food. The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2006 more than 2.1 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, clothing and apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh

note:
electric power supplied by Italy (1999)
-
Electricity - imports NA kWh

note:
electricity supplied by Italy
-
Electricity - production NA kWh -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
NA%

hydro:
NA%

nuclear:
NA%

other:
NA%
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Torrente Ausa 55 m

highest point:
Monte Titano 755 m
lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m


highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
Ethnic groups Sammarinese, Italian Sammarinese, Italian
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); Italian lire per US dollar - 1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997), 1,542.9 (1996) euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state:
cochiefs of state Captain Regent Luigi LONFERNINI and Captain Regent Fabio BERARDI (for the period 1 April 2001-30 September 2001)

head of government:
Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Gabriele GATTI (since NA July 1986)

cabinet:
Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term

elections:
cochiefs of state (captain regents) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA March 2001 (next to be held NA September 2001); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held NA June 1998 (next to be held NA June 2003)

election results:
Luigi LONFERNINI and Fabio BERARDI elected captain regents; percent of legislative vote - NA; Gabriele GATTI reelected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA

note:
the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are three secretaries of state - Foreign Affairs, Internal Affairs, and Finance - and several additional secretaries; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed many of the prerogatives of a prime minister
chief of state: Co-chiefs of State Captain Regent Mirko TOMASSONI and Captain Regent Alberto SELVA (for the period 1 October 2007-31 March 2008)


head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 27 July 2006)


cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term


elections: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held in September 2007 (next to be held in March 2008); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 27 July 2006 (next to be held by 2011)


election results: Mirko TOMASSONI and Alberto SELVA elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA


note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (co-chiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some prime ministerial roles
Exports trade data are included with the statistics for Italy $1.291 billion (2004)
Exports - commodities building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty) two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)
GDP purchasing power parity - $860 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $32,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 8% (2000 est.) 4.6% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 43 46 N, 12 25 E 43 46 N, 12 25 E
Geography - note landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
Highways total:
220 km

paved:
220 km

unpaved:
0 km (2001)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports trade data are included with the statistics for Italy $2.035 billion (2004)
Imports - commodities wide variety of consumer manufactures, food wide variety of consumer manufactures, food
Independence 3 September 301 3 September AD 301
Industrial production growth rate 6% (1997 est.) 5.6% (2005 est.)
Industries tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Infant mortality rate 6.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 5.53 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 5.96 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.2% (2000) -1.5% (2006)
International organization participation CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO CE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km NA
Judicial branch Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII
Labor force 18,500 (1999) 20,470 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation services 60%, industry 38%, agriculture 2% (1998 est.) agriculture: 0.2%


industry: 40.1%


services: 59.7% (2006 est.)
Land boundaries total:
39 km

border countries:
Italy 39 km
total: 39 km


border countries: Italy 39 km
Land use arable land:
17%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
83% (1993 est.)
arable land: 16.67%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 83.33% (2005)
Languages Italian Italian
Legal system based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 31 May 1998 (next likely to be held by NA June 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PDCS 40.8%, PSS 23.3%, PPDS 18.6%, APDS 9.8%, RC 3.3%, SR 4.2%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 14, PPDS 11, APDS 6, RC 2, SR 2
unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 4 June 2006 (next to be held by June 2011)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 32.9%, Party of Socialists and Democrats 31.9%, AP 11.9%, United Left 8.7%, New Socialist Party 5.4%, other parties 9.2%; seats by party - PDCS 21, Party of Socialists and Democrats 20, AP 7, United Left 5, New Socialist Party 3, others 4; note - following a government reshuffle on 28 NOvember 2007, a splinter party of the PDCS joined the center-left coalition formed by the Party of Socialists and Democrats, the APDS, and the United Left strengthening the government's parliamentary majority to 36 seats out of 60
Life expectancy at birth total population:
81.23 years

male:
77.68 years

female:
85.1 years (2001 est.)
total population: 81.8 years


male: 78.33 years


female: 85.57 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 10 and over can read and write

total population:
96%

male:
97%

female:
95% (1976 est.)
definition: age 10 and over can read and write


total population: 96%


male: 97%


female: 95%
Location Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Map references Europe Europe
Maritime claims none (landlocked) none (landlocked)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Italy
Military branches Voluntary Military Force, Police Force no regular military forces; Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar) performs ceremonial duties and limited police functions (2006)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $700,000 (FY00) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% NA
National holiday Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301) Founding of the Republic, 3 September (AD 301)
Nationality noun:
Sammarinese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Sammarinese
noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)


adjective: Sammarinese
Natural hazards NA NA
Natural resources building stone building stone
Net migration rate 11.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 10.57 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Mario VENTURINI]; San Marino Progressive Democratic Party or PPDS [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Augusto CASALI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI] Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [Glauco SANSOVINI]; New Socialist Party [Augusto CASALI]; Party of Socialists and Democrats [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or AP [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]; United Left
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 27,336 (July 2001 est.) 29,615 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.45% (2001 est.) 1.219% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors none -
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 16,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km; note - there is a 1.5 km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore -
Religions Roman Catholic Roman Catholic
Sex ratio at birth:
1.09 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.07 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.75 male(s)/female

total population:
0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.922 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female


total population: 0.915 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
adequate connections

domestic:
automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system

international:
connected to Italian international network
general assessment: adequate connections


domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity exceeds 130 telephones per 100 persons


international: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network
Telephones - main lines in use 18,000 (1998) 21,000 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular 3,010 (1998) 17,390 (2006)
Television broadcast stations 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997) 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997)
Terrain rugged mountains rugged mountains
Total fertility rate 1.3 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.34 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 3% (1999) 3.8% (2004)
Waterways none -
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