Compare Palmyra Atoll (2008) - Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)

Compare Palmyra Atoll (2008) z Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)

	Palmyra Atoll (2008)	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)

Airports	1 (2007)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)	-
Area	total: 11.9 sq km land: 11.9 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island
Area - comparative	about 20 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	The Kingdom of Hawaii claimed the atoll in 1862, and the US included it among the Hawaiian Islands when it annexed the archipelago in 1898. The Hawaii Statehood Act of 1959 did not include Palmyra Atoll, which is now privately owned by the Nature Conservancy. This organization is managing the atoll as a nature preserve. The lagoons and surrounding waters within the 12 nautical mile US territorial seas were transferred to the US Fish and Wildlife Service and were designated a National Wildlife Refuge in January 2001.	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.
Climate	equatorial, hot, and very rainy	tropical
Coastline	14.5 km	74.1 km
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Palmyra Atoll	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Dependency status	incorporated territory of the US; privately owned, but administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior; the Office of Insular Affairs of the US Department of the Interior continues to administer nine excluded areas comprising certain tidal and submerged lands within the 12 nm territorial sea or within the lagoon	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Attorney-General's Department
Diplomatic representation from the US	-	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	-	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	none	Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to these islands; Australia closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches
Economy - overview	no economic activity	no economic activity
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 2 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Flag description	the flag of the US is used	the flag of Australia is used
Geographic coordinates	5 52 N, 162 04 W	12 14 S, 123 05 E
Geography - note	about 50 islets covered with dense vegetation, coconut trees, and balsa-like trees up to 30 meters tall	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983
Irrigated land	-	0 sq km
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (forests and woodlands) (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)
Legal system	the laws of the US, where applicable, apply	the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply
Location	Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and American Samoa	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island
Map references	Oceania	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the US	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force
Natural hazards	NA	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards
Natural resources	terrestrial and aquatic wildlife	fish
People - note	-	the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: 4 to 20 Nature Conservancy staff, US Fish and Wildlife staff (July 2007 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island
Terrain	very low	low with sand and coral

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