Compare Norway (2002) - Mozambique (2003)

Compare Norway (2002) z Mozambique (2003)

	Norway (2002)	Mozambique (2003)

Administrative divisions	19 provinces (fylker, singular - fylke); Akershus, Aust-Agder, Buskerud, Finnmark, Hedmark, Hordaland, More og Romsdal, Nordland, Nord-Trondelag, Oppland, Oslo, Ostfold, Rogaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Sor-Trondelag, Telemark, Troms, Vest-Agder, Vestfold	10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 city; Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Maputo City, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia
Age structure	0-14 years: 20% (male 464,789; female 439,117) 15-64 years: 65% (male 1,491,720; female 1,451,450) 65 years and over: 15% (male 281,551; female 396,489) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 42.1% (male 3,634,173; female 3,725,396) 15-64 years: 55.3% (male 4,712,891; female 4,945,123) 65 years and over: 2.6% (male 189,778; female 271,905) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	barley, wheat, potatoes; pork, beef, veal, milk; fish	cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca), corn, coconuts, sisal, citrus and tropical fruits, potatoes, sunflowers; beef, poultry
Airports	102 (2001)	165 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 66 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 13 1,524 to 2,437 m: 13 914 to 1,523 m: 14 under 914 m: 26 (2002)	total: 22 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 5 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 36 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 29 (2002)	total: 143 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 16 914 to 1,523 m: 35 under 914 m: 91 (2002)
Area	total: 324,220 sq km land: 307,860 sq km water: 16,360 sq km	total: 801,590 sq km land: 784,090 sq km water: 17,500 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than New Mexico	slightly less than twice the size of California
Background	Two centuries of Viking raids into Europe tapered off following the adoption of Christianity by King Olav TRYGGVASON in 994. Conversion of the Norwegian kingdom occurred over the next several decades. In 1397, Norway was absorbed into a union with Denmark that was to last for more than four centuries. In 1814, Norwegians resisted the cession of their country to Sweden and adopted a new constitution. Sweden then invaded Norway but agreed to let Norway keep its constitution in return for accepting the union under a Swedish king. Rising nationalism throughout the 19th century led to a 1905 referendum granting Norway independence. Norway remained neutral in World War I and proclaimed its neutrality at the outset of World War II. Nevertheless, it was not able to avoid a five-year occupation by Nazi Germany (1940-1945). In 1949, neutrality was abandoned and Norway became a member of NATO. Discovery of oil and gas in adjacent waters in the late 1960s boosted Norway's economic fortunes. The current focus is on containing spending on the extensive welfare system and planning for the time when petroleum reserves are depleted. In referenda held in 1972 and 1994, Norway rejected joining the EU.	Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration by whites, economic dependence on South Africa, a severe drought, and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development. The ruling party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989, and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement with rebel forces ended the fighting in 1992. Heavy flooding in both 1999 and 2000 severely hurt the economy. Political stability and sound economic policies have encouraged recent foreign investment.
Birth rate	12.39 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	38.2 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $71.7 billion expenditures: $57.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)	revenues: $393.1 million expenditures: $1.025 billion, including capital expenditures of $479.4 million (2001 est.)
Capital	Oslo	Maputo
Climate	temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers; rainy year-round on west coast	tropical to subtropical
Coastline	21,925 km (includes mainland 3,419 km, large islands 2,413 km, long fjords, numerous small islands, and minor indentations 16,093 km)	2,470 km
Constitution	17 May 1814, modified in 1884	30 November 1990
Country name	conventional long form: Kingdom of Norway conventional short form: Norway local long form: Kongeriket Norge local short form: Norge	conventional long form: Republic of Mozambique conventional short form: Mozambique local long form: Republica de Mocambique local short form: Mocambique former: Portuguese East Africa
Currency	Norwegian krone (NOK)	metical (MZM)
Death rate	9.78 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	30.04 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$0 (Norway is a net external creditor)	$966 million (2002 est.)
Dependent areas	Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador John D. ONG embassy: Drammensveien 18, 0244 Oslo mailing address: PSC 69, Box 1000, APO AE 09707 telephone: [47] (22) 44 85 50 FAX: [47] (22) 43 07 77	chief of mission: Ambassador Sharon P. WILKINSON embassy: Avenida Kenneth Kuanda 193, Maputo mailing address: P. O. Box 783, Maputo telephone: [258] (1) 492797 FAX: [258] (1) 490448
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Knut VOLLEBAEK chancery: 2720 34th Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 333-6000 FAX: [1] (202) 337-0870 consulate(s) general: Houston, Miami, Minneapolis, New York, and San Francisco	chief of mission: Ambassador Armando PANGUENE chancery: 1990 M Street NW, Suite 570, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 293-7146 FAX: [1] (202) 835-0245
Disputes - international	Norway asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Queen Maud Land and its continental shelf); despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway continue to dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone	none
Economic aid - donor	ODA, $1.4 billion (1998) (1998)	-
Economic aid - recipient	-	$632.8 million (2001)
Economy - overview	The Norwegian economy is a prosperous bastion of welfare capitalism, featuring a combination of free market activity and government intervention. The government controls key areas, such as the vital petroleum sector (through large-scale state enterprises). The country is richly endowed with natural resources - petroleum, hydropower, fish, forests, and minerals - and is highly dependent on its oil production and international oil prices; in 1999, oil and gas accounted for 35% of exports. Only Saudi Arabia and Russia export more oil than Norway. Oslo opted to stay out of the EU during a referendum in November 1994. Growth picked up in 2000 to 2.7%, compared with the meager 0.8% of 1999, but fell back to 1.3% in 2001. High oil prices helped the economy in 2002 in face of the sluggish world economy. The government has moved ahead with privatization. With arguably the highest quality of life worldwide, Norwegians still worry about that time in the next two decades when the oil and gas begin to run out. Accordingly, Norway has been saving its oil-boosted budget surpluses in a Government Petroleum Fund, which is invested abroad and now is valued at more than $43 billion.	At independence in 1975, Mozambique was one of the world's poorest countries. Socialist mismanagement and a brutal civil war from 1977-92 exacerbated the situation. In 1987, the government embarked on a series of macroeconomic reforms designed to stabilize the economy. These steps, combined with donor assistance and with political stability since the multi-party elections in 1994, have led to dramatic improvements in the country's growth rate. Inflation was brought to single digits during the late 1990s although it returned to double digits in 2000-02. Fiscal reforms, including the introduction of a value-added tax and reform of the customs service, have improved the government's revenue collection abilities. In spite of these gains, Mozambique remains dependent upon foreign assistance for much of its annual budget, and the majority of the population remains below the poverty line. Subsistence agriculture continues to employ the vast majority of the country's workforce. A substantial trade imbalance persists although the opening of the MOZAL aluminum smelter, the country's largest foreign investment project to date has increased export earnings. Additional investment projects in titanium extraction and processing and garment manufacturing should further close the import/export gap. Mozambique's once substantial foreign debt has been reduced through forgiveness and rescheduling under the IMF's Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Enhanced HIPC initiatives, and is now at a manageable level.
Electricity - consumption	112.5 billion kWh (2000)	1.39 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	20.259 billion kWh (2000)	5.8 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	1.474 billion kWh (2000)	500 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	141.16 billion kWh (2000)	7.193 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 0% hydro: 99% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	fossil fuel: 2.9% hydro: 97.1% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m highest point: Galdhopiggen 2,469 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Monte Binga 2,436 m
Environment - current issues	water pollution; acid rain damaging forests and adversely affecting lakes, threatening fish stocks; air pollution from vehicle emissions	a long civil war and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters; elephant poaching for ivory is a problem
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Norwegian, Sami 20,000	indigenous tribal groups 99.66% (Shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika, Sena, Makua, and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08%
Exchange rates	Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 8.9684 (January 2002), 8.9917 (2001), 8.8018 (2000), 7.7992 (1999), 7.5451 (1998), 7.0734 (1997)	meticais per US dollar - 23,678 (2002), 20,703.6 (2001), 15,447.1 (2000), 13,028.6 (1999), 12,110.2 (1998) note: effective October 2000, the exchange rate is determined as the weighted average of buying and selling exchange rates of all transactions of commercial banks and stock exchanges with the public
Executive branch	chief of state: King HARALD V (since 17 January 1991); Heir Apparent Crown Prince HAAKON MAGNUS, son of the monarch (born 20 July 1973) head of government: Prime Minister Kjell Magne BONDEVIK (since 19 October 2001) cabinet: State Council appointed by the monarch with the approval of Parliament elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch with the approval of the Parliament	chief of state: President Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO (since 6 November 1986); note - before being popularly elected, CHISSANO was elected president by Frelimo's Central Committee on 4 November 1986 (reelected by the Committee 30 July 1989) head of government: Prime Minister Pascoal MOCUMBI (since 17 December 1994) cabinet: Cabinet elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 3-5 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO reelected president; percent of vote - Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO 52.29%, Afonso DHLAKAMA 47.71%
Exports	$68.2 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	petroleum and petroleum products, machinery and equipment, metals, chemicals, ships, fish	aluminum, prawns, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; bulk electricity
Exports - partners	EU 76.8% (UK 19.8%, France 11.8%, Germany 11.6%, Netherlands 10.2%, Sweden 7.9%), US 7.9% (2001)	Belgium 24.3%, South Africa 9.1%, Germany 6.2% (2002)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	red with a blue cross outlined in white that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)	three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book
GDP	purchasing power parity - $143 billion (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $19.52 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 2% industry: 31% services: 67% (2000)	agriculture: 22% industry: 23% services: 55% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $31,800 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1,100 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	1.6% (2002 est.)	7.7% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	62 00 N, 10 00 E	18 15 S, 35 00 E
Geography - note	about two-thirds mountains; some 50,000 islands off its much indented coastline; strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in North Atlantic; one of most rugged and longest coastlines in world	the Zambezi flows through the north-central and most fertile part of the country
Highways	total: 91,180 km paved: 67,838 km (including 109 km of expressways) unpaved: 23,342 km (1999)	total: 30,400 km paved: 5,685 km unpaved: 24,715 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 4% highest 10%: 22% (1995)	lowest 10%: 2.5% highest 10%: 31.7% (1997)
Illicit drugs	-	Southern African transit point for South Asian hashish, South Asian heroin, and South American cocaine probably destined for the European and South African markets; producer of cannabis (for local consumption) and methaqualone (for export to South Africa); corruption and poor regulatory capability makes the banking system vulnerable to money laundering, but the lack of a well-developed financial infrastructure limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center
Imports	$37.3 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs	machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, chemicals, metal products, foodstuffs, textiles
Imports - partners	EU 66.5% (Sweden 15.5%, Germany 12.8%, UK 7.8%, Denmark 7.2%, France 5.2%), US 7.0% (2001)	South Africa 27.5%, France 8.9%, US 7%, Australia 6.9%, Japan 6%, Malaysia 4% (2002)
Independence	7 June 1905 Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved; 26 October 1905 Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union	25 June 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate	1.2% (2002 est.)	3.4% (2000)
Industries	petroleum and gas, food processing, shipbuilding, pulp and paper products, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textiles, fishing	food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), aluminum, petroleum products, textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco
Infant mortality rate	3.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	total: 199 deaths/1,000 live births male: 216.85 deaths/1,000 live births female: 180.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.3% (2001 est.)	15.2% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CCC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EFTA, ESA, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WEU (associate), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC	ACP, AfDB, C, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISET, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	13 (2000)	11 (2002)
Irrigated land	1,270 sq km (1998 est.)	1,070 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Hoyesterett (justices appointed by the monarch)	Supreme Court (the court of final appeal; some of its professional judges are appointed by the president and some are elected by the Assembly); other courts include an Administrative Court, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courts note: although the constitution provides for the creation of a separate Constitutional Court, one has never been established; in its absence the Supreme Court reviews constitutional cases
Labor force	2.4 million (2000 est.)	9.2 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	services 74%, industry 22%, agriculture, forestry, and fishing 4% (1995)	agriculture 81%, industry 6%, services 13% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 2,544 km border countries: Finland 729 km, Sweden 1,619 km, Russia 196 km	total: 4,571 km border countries: Malawi 1,569 km, South Africa 491 km, Swaziland 105 km, Tanzania 756 km, Zambia 419 km, Zimbabwe 1,231 km
Land use	arable land: 2.94% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.06% (1998 est.)	arable land: 3.98% permanent crops: 0.29% other: 95.73% (1998 est.)
Languages	Norwegian (official) note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities	Portuguese (official), indigenous dialects
Legal system	mixture of customary law, civil law system, and common law traditions; Supreme Court renders advisory opinions to legislature when asked; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations	based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law
Legislative branch	modified unicameral Parliament or Storting (165 seats; members are elected by popular vote by proportional representation to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 10 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - Labor Party 24.3%, Conservative Party 21.2%, Progress Party 14.6%, Socialist Left Party 12.5%, Christian People's Party 12.4%, Center Party 5.6%, Liberal Party 3.9%, Coastal Party 1.7%, other 3.8%; seats by party - Labor Party 43, Conservative Party 38, Progress Party 26, Socialist Left Party 23, Christian People's Party 22, Center Party 10, Liberal Party 2, Coastal Party 1 note: for certain purposes, the Parliament divides itself into two chambers and elects one-fourth of its membership to an upper house or Lagting	unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (250 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote on a secret ballot to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 3-5 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - Frelimo 48.54%, Renamo-UE 38.81%; seats by party - Frelimo 133, Renamo-UE 117 note: Renamo-UE ran as a multiparty coalition; none of the other opposition parties received the 5% required to win parliamentary seats; in September 2000, Renamo-UE member Raul DOMINGOS was expelled from the party; he continues to hold his parliamentary seat as an independent
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.94 years male: 76.01 years female: 82.07 years (2002 est.)	total population: 31.3 years male: 30.98 years female: 31.63 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 100% male: NA% female: NA%	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 47.8% male: 63.5% female: 32.7% (2003 est.)
Location	Northern Europe, bordering the North Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Sweden	South-eastern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and Tanzania
Map references	Europe	Africa
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 10 NM continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 4 NM	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 746 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 20,691,266 GRT/32,126,513 DWT ships by type: bulk 84, cargo 130, chemical tanker 119, combination bulk 9, combination ore/oil 38, container 18, liquefied gas 91, passenger 6, petroleum tanker 143, refrigerated cargo 9, roll on/roll off 41, short-sea passenger 21, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 35 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 1, Denmark 14, Germany 11, Greece 10, Hong Kong 7, Iceland 2, Japan 11, Lithuania 1, Monaco 42, Poland 1, Saudi Arabia 3, Singapore 10, Sweden 42, Switzerland 2, United Kingdom 4, United States 5 (2002 est.)	total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 4,125 GRT/7,024 DWT ships by type: cargo 3 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 2 (2002 est.)
Military branches	Norwegian Army, Royal Norwegian Navy (including Coast Artillery and Coast Guard), Royal Norwegian Air Force, Home Guard	Army, Naval Command, Air and Air Defense Forces, Special Forces, Militia
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$3.113 billion (FY98/99)	$35.1 million (2000 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	2.13% (2002)	1% (2000 est.)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 1,099,966 (2002 est.)	males age 15-49: 4,142,449 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 911,632 (2002 est.)	males age 15-49: 2,373,444 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age	20 years of age (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 27,341 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	Constitution Day, 17 May (1814); note - on 14 January 1814 Denmark ceded Norway to Sweden; resisting Swedish domination, Norwegians adopted a new constitution four months later; on 14 August 1814 Norway was proclaimed independent but in union with Sweden; on 7 June 1905 Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved	Independence Day, 25 June (1975)
Nationality	noun: Norwegian(s) adjective: Norwegian	noun: Mozambican(s) adjective: Mozambican
Natural hazards	rockslides, avalanches	severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods occur in central and southern provinces
Natural resources	petroleum, copper, natural gas, pyrites, nickel, iron ore, zinc, lead, fish, timber, hydropower	coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, graphite
Net migration rate	2.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines	refined petroleum products 53 km	gas 189 km; refined products 292 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders	Center Party [Odd Roger ENOKSEN]; Christian People's Party [Valgerd Svarstad HAUGLAND]; Coastal Party [Steinar BASTESEN]; Conservative Party [Jan PETERSEN]; Labor Party [Jens STOLTENBERG]; Liberal Party [Lars SPONHEIM]; Progress Party [Carl I. HAGEN]; Socialist Left Party [Kristin HALVORSEN]	Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or Frelimo [Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO, president]; Mozambique National Resistance-Electoral Union (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana-Uniao Eleitoral) or Renamo-UE [Afonso DHLAKAMA, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	Institute for Peace and Democracy (Instituto para Paz e Democracia) or IPADE [Raul DOMINGOS, president]; Etica [Abdul CARIMO Issa, chairman]; Movement for Peace and Citizenship (Movimento para Paz e Cidadania); Mozambican League of Human Rights (Liga Mocambicana dos Direitos Humanos) or LDH [Alice MABOTE, president]; Human Rights and Development (Direitos Humanos e Desenvolvimento) or DHD [Artemisia FRANCO, secretary general]
Population	4,525,116 (July 2002 est.)	17,479,266 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected; the 1997 Mozambican census reported a population of 16,099,246 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	70% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate	0.47% (2002 est.)	0.82% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Bergen, Drammen, Floro, Hammerfest, Harstad, Haugesund, Kristiansand, Larvik, Narvik, Oslo, Porsgrunn, Stavanger, Tromso, Trondheim	Beira, Inhambane, Maputo, Nacala, Pemba, Quelimane
Radio broadcast stations	AM 5, FM at least 650, shortwave 1 (1998)	AM 13, FM 17, shortwave 11 (2001)
Radios	4.03 million (1997)	-
Railways	total: 4,006 km standard gauge: 4,006 km 1.435-m gauge (2,471 km electrified) (2001)	total: 3,123 km narrow gauge: 2,983 km 1.067-m gauge; 140 km 0.762-m gauge (2002)
Religions	Evangelical Lutheran 86% (state church), other Protestant and Roman Catholic 3%, other 1%, none and unknown 10% (1997)	indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 30%, Muslim 20%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: modern in all respects; one of the most advanced telecommunications networks in Europe domestic: Norway has a domestic satellite system; moreover, the prevalence of rural areas encourages the wide use of cellular mobile systems instead of fixed wire systems international: 2 buried coaxial cable systems; 4 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - NA Eutelsat, NA Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Norway shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden) (1999)	general assessment: fair system but not available generally (telephone density is only 16 telephones for each 1,000 persons) domestic: the system consists of open-wire lines and trunk connection by microwave radio relay and tropospheric scatter international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	2.735 million (1998)	90,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	2,080,408 (1998)	287,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	360 (plus 2,729 repeaters) (1995)	1 (2001)
Terrain	glaciated; mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys; small, scattered plains; coastline deeply indented by fjords; arctic tundra in north	mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west
Total fertility rate	1.8 children born/woman (2002 est.)	4.87 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	3.9% (2002 est.)	21% (1997 est.)
Waterways	1,577 km (along west coast) note: navigable by 2.4 m maximum draft vessels	3,750 km (navigable routes)

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