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Compare Nauru (2008) - Nauru (2001)
Compare Nauru (2008) z Nauru (2001)
Show only differences
Show only differences
| Nauru (2008) | Nauru (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren | 14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 36.4% (male 2,508/female 2,410)
15-64 years: 61.6% (male 4,111/female 4,224) 65 years and over: 2% (male 144/female 131) (2007 est.) |
0-14 years:
40.33% (male 2,510; female 2,365) 15-64 years: 57.97% (male 3,475; female 3,533) 65 years and over: 1.7% (male 103; female 102) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts | coconuts |
| Airports | 1 (2007) | 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007) |
total:
1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 21 sq km
land: 21 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
21 sq km land: 21 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC | about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | The exact origins of the Nauruans are unclear, since their language does not resemble any other in the Pacific. The island was annexed by Germany in 1888 and its phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium. Nauru was occupied by Australian forces in World War I and subsequently became a League of Nations mandate. After the Second World War - and a brutal occupation by Japan - Nauru became a UN trust territory. It achieved its independence in 1968 and joined the UN in 1999 as the world's smallest independent republic. | Nauru's phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium; the island was occupied by Australian forces in World War I. Upon achieving independence in 1968, Nauru became the smallest independent republic in the world; it joined the UN in 1999. |
| Birth rate | 24.47 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 27.22 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $13.5 million
expenditures: $13.5 million (2005) |
revenues:
$23.4 million expenditures: $64.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY95/96) |
| Capital | no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
no official capital; government offices in Yaren District |
| Climate | tropical with a monsoonal pattern; rainy season (November to February) | tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February) |
| Coastline | 30 km | 30 km |
| Constitution | 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968 (Constitution Day) | 29 January 1968 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Republic of Nauru
conventional short form: Nauru local long form: Republic of Nauru local short form: Nauru former: Pleasant Island |
conventional long form:
Republic of Nauru conventional short form: Nauru former: Pleasant Island |
| Currency | - | Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Death rate | 6.65 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 7.2 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $33.3 million (2002) | $33.3 million |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru | the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Vinci Niel CLODUMAR
chancery: 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 937-0074 FAX: [1] (212) 937-0079 consulate(s): Agana (Guam) |
Nauru does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a UN office at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, New York 10017; telephone: (212) 937-0074
consulate(s): Hagatna (Guam) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $20 million mostly from Australia (2005) | $2.25 million from Australia (FY96/97 est.) |
| Economy - overview | Revenues of this tiny island have traditionally come from exports of phosphates, now significantly depleted. An Australian company in 2005 entered into an agreement intended to exploit remaining supplies. Few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, mainly from Australia, its former occupier and later major source of support. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income were invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. As a result of heavy spending from the trust funds, the government faces virtual bankruptcy. To cut costs the government has frozen wages and reduced overstaffed public service departments. In 2005, the deterioration in housing, hospitals, and other capital plant continued, and the cost to Australia of keeping the government and economy afloat continued to climb. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's GDP varying widely. | Revenues of this tiny island have come from exports of phosphates, but reserves are expected to be exhausted within five to ten years. Phosphate production has declined since 1989, as demand has fallen in traditional markets and as the marginal cost of extracting the remaining phosphate increases, making it less internationally competitive. While phosphates have given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes in the Third World, few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, including fresh water from Australia. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income have been invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. The government has been borrowing heavily from the trusts to finance fiscal deficits. To cut costs the government has called for a freezing of wages, a reduction of over-staffed public service departments, privatization of numerous government agencies, and closure of some overseas consulates. In recent years Nauru has encouraged the registration of offshore banks and corporations. Tens of billions of dollars have been channeled through their accounts. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's per capita GDP varying widely. |
| Electricity - consumption | 27.9 million kWh (2005) | 27.9 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2005) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2005) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 30 million kWh (2005) | 30 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m |
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m |
| Environment - current issues | limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources | limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8% | Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8% |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003) | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.7995 (January 2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997), 1.2773 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Marcus STEPHEN (since 19 December 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Marcus STEPHEN (since 19 December 2007); note - President Ludwig SCOTTY defeated in a no confidence vote in parliament on 19 December 2007 cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 19 December 2007 (next to be held in 2010) election results: NA |
chief of state:
President Bernard DOWIYOGO (since 19 April 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Bernard DOWIYOGO (since 19 April 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 8 April 2000 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: Bernard DOWIYOGO elected president by a vote in Parliament of nine to eight note: former President Rene HARRIS was deposed in a no-confidence vote; this is the eighth change of government in Nauru since the fall of the Lagumont HARRIS government in a no-confidence motion in early November 1996; six of the last eight governments have resulted because of parliamentary no-confidence motions |
| Exports | 0 bbl/day (2004) | $25.3 million (f.o.b., 1991) |
| Exports - commodities | phosphates | phosphates |
| Exports - partners | South Africa 63.7%, South Korea 7.6%, Canada 6.6% (2006) | Australia, NZ |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru | blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $59 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 0 32 S, 166 55 E | 0 32 S, 166 55 E |
| Geography - note | Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator | Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator |
| Highways | - | total:
30 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 6 km (1998 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | 1,023 bbl/day (2004) | $21.1 million (c.i.f., 1991) |
| Imports - commodities | food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery | food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery |
| Imports - partners | South Korea 43.8%, Australia 36.2%, US 5.9%, Germany 4.3% (2006) | Australia, UK, NZ, Japan |
| Independence | 31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship) | 31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products | phosphate mining, financial services, coconut products |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 9.6 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 12.07 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
10.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | -3.6% (1993) | -3.6% (1993) |
| International organization participation | ACP, ADB, C, FAO, ICAO, ICCt, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO | ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, ICAO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court | Supreme Court |
| Labor force - by occupation | note: employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation (1992) | employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005) |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | Nauruan (official; a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes | Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes |
| Legal system | acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations | acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 25 August 2007 (next to be held in 2010) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 18; note - 15 of 18 incumbents reelected |
unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 18 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 63.44 years
male: 59.85 years female: 67.21 years (2007 est.) |
total population:
61.2 years male: 57.7 years female: 64.88 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: NA male: NA female: NA |
definition:
NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands |
| Map references | Oceania | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
contiguous zone:
24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | none (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia | Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| Military branches | no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force (2008) | no regular armed forces; Directorate of the Nauru Police Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $NA |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA | NA% |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49:
3,018 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49:
1,661 (2001 est.) |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 31 January (1968) | Independence Day, 31 January (1968) |
| Nationality | noun: Nauruan(s)
adjective: Nauruan |
noun:
Nauruan(s) adjective: Nauruan |
| Natural hazards | periodic droughts | periodic droughts |
| Natural resources | phosphates, fish | phosphates |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal); Nauru First (Naoero Amo) Party; note - loose multiparty system | loose multiparty system; Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal) [Bernard DOWIYOGO] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 13,528 (July 2007 est.) | 12,088 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.781% (2007 est.) | 2% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | - | Nauru |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 7,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | total:
5 km; note - used to haul phosphates from the center of the island to processing facilities on the southwest coast |
| Religions | Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic) | Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.041 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.973 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.099 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 20 years of age; universal and compulsory | 20 years of age; universal and compulsory |
| Telephone system | general assessment: adequate local and international radiotelephone communication provided via Australian facilities
domestic: NA international: country code - 674; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
general assessment:
adequate local and international radiotelephone communications provided via Australian facilities domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 1,900 (2002) | 2,000 (1996) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 1,500 (2002) | 450 (1994) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1997) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center | sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center |
| Total fertility rate | 3.02 children born/woman (2007 est.) | 3.61 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 90% (2004 est.) | 0% |
| Waterways | - | none |
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