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Compare Morocco (2005) - Mayotte (2004)

Compare Morocco (2005) z Mayotte (2004)

 Morocco (2005)Mayotte (2004)
 MoroccoMayotte
Administrative divisions 14 regions: Grand Casablanca, Chaouia-Ouardigha, Doukkala-Abda, Fes-Boulemane, Gharb-Chrarda-Beni Hssen, Guelmim-Es Smara, Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz, Meknes-Tafilalet, Oriental, Rabat-Sale-Zemmour-Zaer, Souss-Massa-Draa, Tadla-Azilal, Tanger-Tetouan, Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate


note: Morocco claims the territory of Western Sahara, the political status of which is considered undetermined by the United States Government; one additional region, Oued Eddahab-Lagouira, falls entirely within Western Sahara; another region, Laayoune-Boujdour-Sahia El Hamra, falls mostly within Western Sahara; a small portion of this region, in the southwestern part of the country, falls within Moroccan-administered territory as recognized by the United States; the province of Guelmim-Es Smara lies in both entities
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Age structure 0-14 years: 32.1% (male 5,349,247/female 5,150,497)


15-64 years: 63% (male 10,259,808/female 10,346,608)


65 years and over: 4.9% (male 708,921/female 910,766) (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 46.4% (male 43,301; female 42,934)


15-64 years: 51.9% (male 52,534; female 44,100)


65 years and over: 1.7% (male 1,579; female 1,578) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products barley, wheat, citrus, wine, vegetables, olives; livestock vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra
Airports 63 (2004 est.) 1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 25


over 3,047 m: 11


2,438 to 3,047 m: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 8


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 38


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 10


914 to 1,523 m: 15


under 914 m: 11 (2004 est.)
-
Area total: 446,550 sq km


land: 446,300 sq km


water: 250 sq km
total: 374 sq km


land: 374 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than California slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background In 788, about a century after the Arab conquest of North Africa, successive Moorish dynasties began to rule in Morocco. In the 16th century, the Sa'adi monarchy, particularly under Ahmad AL-MANSUR (1578-1603), repelled foreign invaders and inaugurated a golden age. In 1860, Spain occupied northern Morocco and ushered in a half century of trade rivalry among European powers that saw Morocco's sovereignty steadily eroded; in 1912, the French imposed a protectorate over the country. A protracted independence struggle with France ended successfully in 1956. The internationalized city of Tangier and most Spanish possessions were turned over to the new country that same year. Morocco virtually annexed Western Sahara during the late 1970s, but final resolution on the status of the territory remains unresolved. Gradual political reforms in the 1990s resulted in the establishment of a bicameral legislature in 1997. Parliamentary elections were held for the second time in September 2002 and municipal elections were held in September 2003. Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence.
Birth rate 22.29 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 42.19 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues: $12.86 billion


expenditures: $15.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.19 billion (2004 est.)
revenues: NA


expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1991 est.)
Capital Rabat Mamoutzou
Climate Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)
Coastline 1,835 km 185.2 km
Constitution 10 March 1972; revised 4 September 1992, amended (to create bicameral legislature) September 1996 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Kingdom of Morocco


conventional short form: Morocco


local long form: Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah


local short form: Al Maghrib
conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte


conventional short form: Mayotte
Currency - euro (EUR)
Death rate 5.64 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 8.11 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $17.07 billion (2004 est.) NA
Dependency status - territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas T. RILEY


embassy: 2 Avenue de Mohamed El Fassi, Rabat


mailing address: PSC 74, Box 021, APO AE 09718


telephone: [212] (37) 76 22 65


FAX: [212] (37) 76 56 61


consulate(s) general: Casablanca
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Aziz MEKOUAR


chancery: 1601 21st Street NW, Washington, DC 20009


telephone: [1] (202) 462-7979 through 7982


FAX: [1] (202) 265-0161


consulate(s) general: New York
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international claims and administers Western Sahara whose sovereignty remains unresolved - UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since September 1991, but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties thus far have rejected all brokered proposals; Morocco protests Spain's control over the coastal enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera, the islands of Penon de Alhucemas and Islas Chafarinas, and surrounding waters; discussions have not progressed on a comprehensive maritime delimitation setting limits on exploration and refugee interdiction since Morocco's 2002 rejection of Spain's unilateral designation of a median line from the Canary Islands; Morocco serves as one of the primary launching areas of illegal migration into Spain from North Africa claimed by Comoros
Economic aid - recipient ODA $218 million (2002) $107.7 million; note - extensive French financial assistance (1995)
Economy - overview Morocco faces problems typical for developing countries: restraining government spending, reducing constraints on private activity and foreign trade, and achieving sustainable growth. Despite structural adjustment programs supported by the IMF, the World Bank, and the Paris Club, the dirham is only fully convertible for current account transactions. In 2004 Moroccan authorities instituted measures to boost foreign direct investment and trade by signing a free trade agreement with the US and selling government shares in the state telecommunications company and in the largest state-owned bank. Favorable rainfall over the past two years has boosted agricultural output and GDP growth passed 4% in 2004. In 2005 the budget deficit is expected to rise sharply - from 1.9% of GDP in 2004 - because of substantial increases in wages and oil subsidies. Long-term challenges include preparing the economy for freer trade with the US and European Union, improving education and job prospects for Morocco's youth, and raising living standards. Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism.
Electricity - consumption 14.24 billion kWh (2002) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) -
Electricity - imports 1.3 billion kWh (2002) -
Electricity - production 13.91 billion kWh (2002) NA kWh
Elevation extremes lowest point: Sebkha Tah -55 m


highest point: Jebel Toubkal 4,165 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Benara 660 m
Environment - current issues land degradation/desertification (soil erosion resulting from farming of marginal areas, overgrazing, destruction of vegetation); water supplies contaminated by raw sewage; siltation of reservoirs; oil pollution of coastal waters NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea
-
Ethnic groups Arab-Berber 99.1%, other 0.7%, Jewish 0.2% NA
Exchange rates Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 8.868 (2004), 9.574 (2003), 11.021 (2002), 11.303 (2001), 10.626 (2000) euros per US dollar - 0.8860 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state: King MOHAMED VI (since 30 July 1999)


head of government: Prime Minister Driss JETTOU (since 9 October 2002)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch following legislative elections
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Jean-Paul KIHL (since 17 January 2005)


head of government: President of the General Council Younoussa BAMANA (since NA 1977)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term
Exports NA $3.44 million f.o.b. (1997)
Exports - commodities clothing, fish, inorganic chemicals, transistors, crude minerals, fertilizers (including phosphates), petroleum products, fruits, vegetables ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon
Exports - partners France 33.6%, Spain 17.4%, UK 7.7%, Italy 4.7%, US 4.1% (2004) France 80%, Comoros 15%, Reunion (2000)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description red with a green pentacle (five-pointed, linear star) known as Sulayman's (Solomon's) seal in the center of the flag; red and green are traditional colors in Arab flags, although the use of red is more commonly associated with the Arab states of the Persian gulf; design dates to 1912 the flag of France is used
GDP - purchasing power parity - $466.8 million (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 21.2%


industry: 35.8%


services: 43% (2004 est.)
agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,200 (2004 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,600 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4.4% (2004 est.) NA
Geographic coordinates 32 00 N, 5 00 W 12 50 S, 45 10 E
Geography - note strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands
Heliports 1 (2004 est.) -
Highways total: 57,694 km


paved: 32,551 km (including 481 km of expressways)


unpaved: 25,143 km (2002)
total: 93 km


paved: 72 km


unpaved: 21 km
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 2.6%


highest 10%: 30.9% (1998-99)
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs illicit producer of hashish; shipments of hashish mostly directed to Western Europe; transit point for cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe -
Imports NA $141.3 million f.o.b. (1997)
Imports - commodities crude petroleum, textile fabric, telecommunications equipment, wheat, gas and electricity, transistors, plastics food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals
Imports - partners France 18.2%, Spain 12.1%, Italy 6.6%, Germany 6%, Russia 5.7%, Saudi Arabia 5.4%, China 4.2%, US 4.1% (2004) France 66%, Africa 14%, Southeast Asia 11% (2000 est.)
Independence 2 March 1956 (from France) none (territorial collectivity of France)
Industrial production growth rate NA NA
Industries phosphate rock mining and processing, food processing, leather goods, textiles, construction, tourism newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction
Infant mortality rate total: 41.62 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 45.42 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 37.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
total: 64.19 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 70.42 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 57.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.1% (2004 est.) NA
International organization participation ABEDA, ACCT, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, EBRD, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO UPU
Irrigated land 12,910 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges are appointed on the recommendation of the Supreme Council of the Judiciary, presided over by the monarch) Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force 11.02 million (2004 est.) 48,800 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 40%, industry 15%, services 45% (2003 est.) -
Land boundaries total: 2,017.9 km


border countries: Algeria 1,559 km, Western Sahara 443 km, Spain (Ceuta) 6.3 km, Spain (Melilla) 9.6 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 19.61%


permanent crops: 2.17%


other: 78.22% (2001)
arable land: NA


permanent crops: NA


other: NA (2001)
Languages Arabic (official), Berber dialects, French often the language of business, government, and diplomacy Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population
Legal system based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of Supreme Court French law
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of an upper house or Chamber of Counselors (270 seats; members elected indirectly by local councils, professional organizations, and labor syndicates for nine-year terms; one-third of the members are renewed every three years) and a lower house or Chamber of Representatives (325 seats; 295 by multi-seat constituencies and 30 from national lists of women; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)


elections: Chamber of Counselors - last held 6 October 2003 (next to be held NA 2006); Chamber of Representatives - last held 27 September 2002 (next to be held NA 2007)


election results: Chamber of Counselors - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RNI 42, MDS 33, UC 28, MP 27, PND 21, PI 21, USFP 16, MNP 15, PA 13, FFD 12, other 42; Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - USFP 50, PI 48, PJD 42, RNI 41, MP 27, MNP 18, UC 16, PND 12, PPS 11, UD 10, other 50
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 7 October 2000 (next to be held NA 2003)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA


note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held as a special election on NA June 2005); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.08%, UDF 44.92%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 70.66 years


male: 68.35 years


female: 73.07 years (2005 est.)
total population: 60.99 years


male: 58.85 years


female: 63.2 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 51.7%


male: 64.1%


female: 39.4% (2003 est.)
definition: NA


total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Location Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Western Sahara Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique
Map references Africa Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: 41 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 236,131 GRT/252,367 DWT


by type: cargo 6, chemical tanker 6, container 8, passenger/cargo 13, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 5


foreign-owned: 6 (France 1, Germany 2, Switzerland 2, United Kingdom 1) (2005)
none
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France; small contingent of French forces stationed on the island
Military branches Royal Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force (Force Aerienne Royale Marocaine) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $2,305.6 million (2003) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 5% (2004) -
National holiday Throne Day (accession of King MOHAMED VI to the throne), 30 July (1999) Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality noun: Moroccan(s)


adjective: Moroccan
noun: Mahorais (singular and plural)


adjective: Mahoran
Natural hazards northern mountains geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts cyclones during rainy season
Natural resources phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead, zinc, fish, salt NEGL
Net migration rate -0.92 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 6.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines gas 695 km; oil 285 km (2004) -
Political parties and leaders Action Party or PA [Muhammad EL IDRISSI]; Alliance of Liberties or ADL [Ali BELHAJ]; Annahj Addimocrati or Annahj [Abdellah EL HARIF]; Avant Garde Social Democratic Party or PADS [Ahmed BENJELLOUN]; Citizen Forces or FC [Abderrahman LAHJOUJI]; Citizen's Initiatives for Development [Mohamed BENHAMOU]; Constitutional Union or UC [Mohamed ABIED (interim)]; Democratic and Independence Party or PDI [Abdelwahed MAACH]; Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Mahmoud ARCHANE]; Democratic Socialist Party or PSD [Aissa OUARDIGHI]; Democratic Union or UD [Bouazza IKKEN]; Environment and Development Party or PED [Ahmed EL ALAMI]; Front of Democratic Forces or FFD [Thami EL KHYARI]; Istiqlal Party (Independence Party) or PI [Abbas El FASSI]; Justice and Development Party or PJD [Saad Eddine OTHMANI]; Moroccan Liberal Party or PML [Mohamed ZIANE]; National Democratic Party or PND [Abdallah KADIRI]; National Ittihadi Congress Party or CNI [Abdelmajid BOUZOUBAA]; National Popular Movement or MNP [Mahjoubi AHERDANE]; National Rally of Independents or RNI [Ahmed OSMAN]; National Union of Popular Forces or UNFP [Abdellah IBRAHIM]; Parti Al Ahd or Al Ahd [Najib EL OUAZZANI, chairman]; Party of Progress and Socialism or PPS [Ismail ALAOUI]; Party of Renewal and Equity or PRE [Chakir ACHABAR]; Party of the Unified Socialist Left or GSU [Mohamed Ben Said AIT IDDER]; Popular Movement or MP [Mohamed LAENSER]; Reform and Development Party or PRD [Abderrahmane EL KOUHEN]; Social Center Party or PSC [Lahcen MADIH]; Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP [Mohammed El-YAZGHI] Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; Federation of Mahorans or RPR [Mansour KAMARDINE]; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Mouhoutar SALIM]; Socialist Party or PS (local branch of French Parti Socialiste) [Ibrahim ABUBACAR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]
Political pressure groups and leaders Democratic Confederation of Labor or CDT [Noubir AMAOUI]; General Union of Moroccan Workers or UGTM [Abderrazzak AFILAL]; Moroccan Employers Association or CGEM [Hassan CHAMI]; National Labor Union of Morocco or UNMT [Abdelslam MAATI]; Union of Moroccan Workers or UMT [Mahjoub BENSEDDIK] NA
Population 32,725,847 (July 2005 est.) 186,026 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line 19% (1999 est.) NA
Population growth rate 1.57% (2005 est.) 4.09% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Agadir, Casablanca, Mohammedia, Nador, Safi, Tangier Dzaoudzi
Radio broadcast stations AM 27, FM 25, shortwave 6 (1998) AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001)
Railways total: 1,907 km


standard gauge: 1,907 km 1.435-m gauge (1,003 km electrified) (2004)
-
Religions Muslim 98.7%, Christian 1.1%, Jewish 0.2% Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.19 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female


total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal (as of January 2003) 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: modern system with all important capabilities; however, density is low with only 4.6 main lines available for each 100 persons


domestic: good system composed of open-wire lines, cables, and microwave radio relay links; Internet available but expensive; principal switching centers are Casablanca and Rabat; national network nearly 100% digital using fiber-optic links; improved rural service employs microwave radio relay


international: country code - 212; 7 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Gibraltar, Spain, and Western Sahara; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Algeria; participant in Medarabtel; fiber-optic cable link from Agadir to Algeria and Tunisia (1998)
general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications


domestic: NA


international: country code - 269; microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros (2001)
Telephones - main lines in use 1,219,200 (2003) 10,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular 7,332,800 (2003) 21,700 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 35 (plus 66 repeaters) (1995) 3 (2001)
Terrain northern coast and interior are mountainous with large areas of bordering plateaus, intermontane valleys, and rich coastal plains generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks
Total fertility rate 2.73 children born/woman (2005 est.) 5.98 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate 12.1% (2004 est.) 38% (1999)
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