Compare Moldova (2004) - Slovenia (2003)

Compare Moldova (2004) z Slovenia (2003)

	Moldova (2004)	Slovenia (2003)

Administrative divisions	32 raions (raioane, singular - raionul), 3 municipalities (municipiul), 1 autonomous territorial unit (unitatea teritoriala autonoma), and 1 territorial unit (unitatea teritoriala) counties: Anenii Noi, Basarabeasca, Briceni, Cahul, Cantemir, Calarasi, Causeni, Cimislia, Criuleni, Donduseni, Drochia, Dubasari, Edinet, Falesti, Floresti, Glodeni, Hincesti, Ialoveni, Leova, Nisporeni, Ocnita, Orhei, Rezina, Riscani, Singerei, Soldanesti, Soroca, Stefan-Voda, Straseni, Taraclia, Telenesti, Ungheni municipalities: Balti, Bender, Chisinau autonomous territorial unit: Gagauzia territorial unit: Stinga Nistrului	182 municipalities (obcine, singular - obcina) and 11 urban municipalities* (mestne obcine , singular - mestna obcina ) Ajdovscina, Beltinci, Benedikt, Bistrica ob Sotli, Bled, Bloke, Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Braslovce, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica, Cankova, Celje, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno, Cerkvenjak, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik, Divaca, Dobje, Dobrepolje, Dobrna, Dobrova-Horjul-Polhov Gradec, Dobrovnik-Dobronak, Dolenjske Toplice, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale, Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gornja Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grad, Grosuplje, Hajdina, Hoce-Slivnica, Hodos-Hodos, Horjul, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina, Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola-Isola, Jesenice, Jezersko, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje, Kocevje, Komen, Komenda, Koper-Capodistria, Kostel, Kozje, Kranj, Kranjska Gora, Krizevci, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart, Lendava-Lendva, Litija, Ljubljana, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Logatec, Loska Dolina, Loski Potok, Lovrenc na Pohorju, Luce, Lukovica, Majsperk, Maribor, Markovci, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miklavz na Dravskem Polju, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mirna Pec, Mislinja, Moravce, Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Murska Sobota, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje, Nova Gorica, Novo Mesto, Odranci, Oplotnica, Ormoz, Osilnica, Pesnica, Piran-Pirano, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podlehnik, Podvelka, Polzela, Postojna, Prebold, Preddvor, Prevalje, Ptuj, Puconci, Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne na Koroskem, Razkrizje, Ribnica, Ribnica na Pohorju, Rogasovci, Rogaska Slatina, Rogatec, Ruse, Salovci, Selnica ob Dravi, Semic, Sempeter-Vrtojba, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur pri Celju, Sevnica, Sezana, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Slovenj Gradec, Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smartno ob Paki, Smartno pri Litiji, Sodrazica, Solcava, Sostanj, Starse, Store, Sveta Ana, Sveti Andraz v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Jurij, Tabor, Tisina, Tolmin, Trbovlje, Trebnje, Trnovska Vas, Trzic, Trzin, Turnisce, Velenje*, Velika Polana, Velike Lasce, Verzej, Videm, Vipava, Vitanje, Vodice, Vojnik, Vransko, Vrhnika, Vuzenica, Zagorje ob Savi, Zalec, Zavrc, Zelezniki, Zetale, Ziri, Zirovnica, Zuzemberk, Zrece note: there may be 45 more municipalities
Age structure	0-14 years: 20.6% (male 466,485; female 449,645) 15-64 years: 69.1% (male 1,478,220; female 1,595,695) 65 years and over: 10.3% (male 169,026; female 287,384) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 15.3% (male 152,341; female 144,189) 15-64 years: 70% (male 687,939; female 666,194) 65 years and over: 14.7% (male 105,837; female 179,177) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	vegetables, fruits, wine, grain, sugar beets, sunflower seed, tobacco; beef, milk	potatoes, hops, wheat, sugar beets, corn, grapes; cattle, sheep, poultry
Airports	24 (2003 est.)	16 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 6 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2003 est.)	total: 6 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 18 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 11 (2003 est.)	total: 10 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 5 (2002)
Area	total: 33,843 sq km land: 33,371 sq km water: 472 sq km	total: 20,273 sq km land: 20,151 sq km water: 122 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Maryland	slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background	Formerly part of Romania, Moldova was incorporated into the Soviet Union at the close of World War II. Although independent from the USSR since 1991, Russian forces have remained on Moldovan territory east of the Dniester River supporting the Slavic majority population, mostly Ukrainians and Russians, who have proclaimed a "Transnistria" republic. The poorest nation in Europe, Moldova became the first former Soviet state to elect a Communist as its president in 2001.	The Slovene lands were part of the Holy Roman Empire and Austria until 1918 when the Slovenes joined the Serbs and Croats in forming a new nation, renamed Yugoslavia in 1929. After World War II, Slovenia became a republic of the renewed Yugoslavia, which though Communist, distanced itself from Moscow's rule. Dissatisfied with the exercise of power of the majority Serbs, the Slovenes succeeded in establishing their independence in 1991 after a short 10-day war. Historical ties to Western Europe, a strong economy, and a stable democracy have assisted in Slovenia's transformation to a modern state. In December 2002, Slovenia received an invitation to join NATO, and it is scheduled to accede to the EU along with nine other states on 1 May 2004. In a March 2003 referendum on NATO and EU membership, Slovenes voted 90% in favor of joining the EU and 66% in favor of joining NATO.
Birth rate	14.81 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	9.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $474.8 million expenditures: $443.4 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)	revenues: $8.11 billion expenditures: $8.32 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.)
Capital	Chisinau	Ljubljana
Climate	moderate winters, warm summers	Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	46.6 km
Constitution	new constitution adopted 28 July 1994; replaces old Soviet constitution of 1979	adopted 23 December 1991, effective 23 December 1991
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Moldova conventional short form: Moldova local long form: Republica Moldova local short form: none former: Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic; Moldovan Soviet Socialist Republic	conventional long form: Republic of Slovenia conventional short form: Slovenia local long form: Republika Slovenija local short form: Slovenija
Currency	Moldovan leu (MDL)	tolar (SIT)
Death rate	12.76 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	10.15 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$1.515 billion (2003)	$7.9 billion (2001)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Heather M. HODGES embassy: 103 Mateevici Street, Chisinau MD-2009 mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [373] (22) 408-300 FAX: [373] (22) 23-30-44	chief of mission: Ambassador Johnny YOUNG embassy: Presernova 31, 1000 Ljubljana mailing address: American Embassy Ljubljana, Department of State, 7140 Ljubljana Place, Washington, DC 20521-7140 telephone: [386] (1) 200-5500 FAX: [386] (1) 200-5555
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Mihail MANOLI chancery: 2101 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 667-1130 FAX: [1] (202) 667-1204	chief of mission: Ambassador Davorin KRACUN chancery: 1525 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 667-5363 FAX: [1] (202) 667-4563 consulate(s) general: New York and Cleveland
Disputes - international	difficulties with the Transnistria region complicate controlling border crossing and customs regimes with Ukraine, despite concordance on 2003 delimitation and customs protocols and OSCE assistance	parliamentarians are far from ratifying the Croatia-Slovenia land and maritime boundary agreement, which would have ceded most of Piran Bay and maritime access to Slovenia and several villages to Croatia
Economic aid - recipient	$100 million (2000)	ODA, $62 million (2000 est.)
Economy - overview	Moldova remains the poorest country in Europe despite recent progress from its small economic base. It enjoys a favorable climate and good farmland but has no major mineral deposits. As a result, the economy depends heavily on agriculture, featuring fruits, vegetables, wine, and tobacco. Moldova must import almost all of its energy supplies from Russia. Energy shortages contributed to sharp production declines after the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. As part of an ambitious reform effort, Moldova introduced a convertible currency, freed prices, stopped issuing preferential credits to state enterprises, backed steady land privatization, removed export controls, and freed interest rates. The government entered into agreements with the World Bank and the IMF to promote growth and reduce poverty. The economy returned to positive growth, of 2.1% in 2000, 6.1% in 2001, 7.2% in 2002, and 6.3% in 2003. Further reforms will come slowly because of strong political forces backing government controls. The economy remains vulnerable to higher fuel prices, poor agricultural weather, and the skepticism of foreign investors.	Slovenia, with its historical ties to Western Europe, enjoys a GDP per capita substantially higher than that of the other transitioning economies of Central Europe. Privatization of the economy proceeded at an accelerated pace in 2002-3, and the budget deficit dropped from 3.0% of GDP in 2002 to 1.9% in 2003. Despite the economic slowdown in Europe in 2001-03, Slovenia maintained 3% growth. Structural reforms to improve the business environment allow for greater foreign participation in Slovenia's economy and help to lower unemployment. Further measures to curb inflation are also needed. Corruption and the high degree of coordination between government, business, and central bank policy are issues of concern in the run-up to Slovenia's scheduled 1 May 2004 accession to the European Union.
Electricity - consumption	3.216 billion kWh (2001)	13.83 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	3 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	60 million kWh (2001)	4.1 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	3.394 billion kWh (2001)	13.69 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 35.2% hydro: 27.3% nuclear: 36.8% other: 0.7% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Dniester River 2 m highest point: Dealul Balanesti 430 m	lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Triglav 2,864 m
Environment - current issues	heavy use of agricultural chemicals, including banned pesticides such as DDT, has contaminated soil and groundwater; extensive soil erosion from poor farming methods	Sava River polluted with domestic and industrial waste; pollution of coastal waters with heavy metals and toxic chemicals; forest damage near Koper from air pollution (originating at metallurgical and chemical plants) and resulting acid rain
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups	Moldovan/Romanian 64.5%, Ukrainian 13.8%, Russian 13%, Jewish 1.5%, Bulgarian 2%, Gagauz and other 5.2% (1989 est.) note: internal disputes with ethnic Slavs in the Transnistrian region	Slovene 88%, Croat 3%, Serb 2%, Bosniak 1%, Yugoslav 0.6%, Hungarian 0.4%, other 5% (1991)
Exchange rates	lei per US dollar - 13.9449 (2003), 13.5705 (2002), 12.8651 (2001), 12.4342 (2000), 10.5158 (1999)	tolars per US dollar - 240.25 (2002), 242.75 (2001), 222.66 (2000), 181.77 (1999), 166.13 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Vladimir VORONIN (since 4 April 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Vasile TARLEV (since 15 April 2001), First Deputy Prime Minister Vasile IOVV (since 29 January 2002) cabinet: selected by president, subject to approval of Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament for a four-year term; election last held 4 April 2001 (next to be held NA 2005); note - presidential elections were scheduled for December 2000, but in July 2000, Parliament canceled direct, popular elections; Parliament's failure to choose a new president in December 2000 led to early parliamentary elections in February 2001; prime minister designated by the president, upon consultation with Parliament; note - within 15 days from designation, the prime minister-designate must request a vote of confidence from the Parliament regarding his/her work program and entire cabinet; prime minister designated 15 April 2001, cabinet received a vote of confidence 19 April 2001 election results: Vladimir VORONIN elected president; parliamentary votes - Vladimir VORONIN 71, Dumitru BRAGHIS 15, Valerian CRISTEA 3; Vasile TARLEV designated prime minister; parliamentary votes of confidence - 75 of 101	chief of state: President Janez DRNOVSEK (since 22 December 2002) head of government: Prime Minister Anton ROP (since 11 December 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and elected by the National Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 10 November and 1 December 2002 (next to be held in the fall of 2007); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually nominated to become prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly; election last held 6 December 2002 (next National Assembly elections to be held NA October 2004) election results: Janez DRNOVSEK elected president; percent of vote - Janez DRNOVSEK 56.5%, Barbara BREZIGAR 43.5%; Anton ROP elected prime minister; National Assembly vote - 63 to 24
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	foodstuffs, textiles, machinery	manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food
Exports - partners	Russia 39%, Romania 11.4%, Italy 10.4%, Germany 7.1%, Ukraine 7.1%, Belarus 5.2%, US 4.3% (2003)	Germany 23.9%, Italy 12.7%, Austria 9.5%, Croatia 8%, France 7.4%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 4.4% (2002)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	same color scheme as Romania - three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; emblem in center of flag is of a Roman eagle of gold outlined in black with a red beak and talons carrying a yellow cross in its beak and a green olive branch in its right talons and a yellow scepter in its left talons; on its breast is a shield divided horizontally red over blue with a stylized ox head, star, rose, and crescent all in black-outlined yellow	three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red, with the Slovenian seal (a shield with the image of Triglav, Slovenia's highest peak, in white against a blue background at the center; beneath it are two wavy blue lines depicting seas and rivers, and above it are three six-pointed stars arranged in an inverted triangle, which are taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Celje, the great Slovene dynastic house of the late 14th and early 15th centuries); the seal is located in the upper hoist side of the flag centered in the white and blue bands
GDP	purchasing power parity - $7.792 billion (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $37.06 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 21% industry: 27% services: 52% (2003)	agriculture: 3.2% industry: 36.3% services: 60.5% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,800 (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $19,200 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	6.3% (2003 est.)	3.2% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	47 00 N, 29 00 E	46 07 N, 14 49 E
Geography - note	landlocked; well endowed with various sedimentary rocks and minerals including sand, gravel, gypsum, and limestone	despite its small size, this eastern Alpine country controls some of Europe's major transit routes
Highways	total: 12,657 km paved: 11,012 km unpaved: 1,645 km (1999)	total: 20,177 km paved: 20,157 km (including 427 km of expressways) unpaved: 20 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 2.2% highest 10%: 30.7% (1997)	lowest 10%: 3.9% highest 10%: 23% (1998)
Illicit drugs	limited cultivation of opium poppy and cannabis, mostly for CIS consumption; transshipment point for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia via Central Asia to Russia, Western Europe, and possibly the US; widespread crime and underground economic activity	minor transit point for cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe, and for precursor chemicals
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	mineral products and fuel 32%, machinery and equipment, chemicals, textiles (2000)	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, chemicals, fuels and lubricants, food
Imports - partners	Ukraine 22%, Russia 13%, Germany 9.7%, Italy 8.3%, Romania 7% (2003)	Germany 20%, Italy 19%, Austria 11.3%, France 10.5% (2002)
Independence	27 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)	25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
Industrial production growth rate	17% (2003 est.)	2.4% (2002)
Industries	food processing, agricultural machinery, foundry equipment, refrigerators and freezers, washing machines, hosiery, sugar, vegetable oil, shoes, textiles	ferrous metallurgy and aluminum products, lead and zinc smelting, electronics (including military electronics), trucks, electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals, machine tools
Infant mortality rate	total: 41 deaths/1,000 live births male: 43.96 deaths/1,000 live births female: 37.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: 4.42 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.53 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	11.6% (2003 est.)	7.4% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	ACCT, BSEC, CE, CEI, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, GUUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO	ABEDA, ACCT (observer), BIS, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	11 (2000)
Irrigated land	3,070 sq km (1998 est.)	20 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Constitutional Court (the sole authority for constitutional judicature)	Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the Judicial Council); Constitutional Court (judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly and nominated by the president)
Labor force	1.383 million (2003)	857,400
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 40%, industry 14%, services 46% (1998)	agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries	total: 1,389 km border countries: Romania 450 km, Ukraine 939 km	total: 1,334 km border countries: Austria 330 km, Croatia 670 km, Italy 232 km, Hungary 102 km
Land use	arable land: 55.3% permanent crops: 10.79% other: 33.91% (2001)	arable land: 11.48% permanent crops: 2.68% other: 85.84% (1998 est.)
Languages	Moldovan (official, virtually the same as the Romanian language), Russian, Gagauz (a Turkish dialect)	Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 6%, other 3%
Legal system	based on civil law system; Constitutional Court reviews legality of legislative acts and governmental decisions of resolution; it is unclear if Moldova accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction but accepts many UN and Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) documents	based on civil law system
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament or Parlamentul (101 seats; parties and electoral blocs elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 25 February 2001 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PCRM 50.1%, Braghis Alliance (now Our Moldova Alliance) 13.4%, PPCD 8.2%, other parties 28.3%; seats by party - PCRM 71, Braghis Alliance (now Our Moldova Alliance) 19, PPCD 11	unicameral National Assembly or Drzavni Zbor (90 seats, 40 are directly elected and 50 are selected on a proportional basis; note - the numbers of directly elected and proportionally elected seats varies with each election; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: National Assembly - last held 15 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - LDS 36%, SDS 16%, ZLSD 12%, SLS/SKD 10%, NSi 9%, SMS 4%, SNS 4%, DeSUS 5%, other 4%; seats by party - LDS 34, SDS 13, ZLSD 11, SLS 10, NSi 8, SMS 4, SNS 4, DeSUS 4, Hungarian and Italian minorities 1 each note: the National Council or Drzavni Svet is an advisory body with limited legislative powers; it may propose laws and ask to review any National Assembly decisions; in the election of November 1997, 40 members were elected to represent local, professional, and socioeconomic interests
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 65.03 years male: 60.88 years female: 69.39 years (2004 est.)	total population: 75.51 years male: 71.65 years female: 79.58 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.1% male: 99.6% female: 98.7% (2003 est.)	definition: NA total population: 99.7% male: 99.7% female: 99.6% (2003 est.)
Location	Eastern Europe, northeast of Romania	Central Europe, eastern Alps bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Austria and Croatia
Map references	Europe	Europe
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	NA
Merchant marine	total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,636 GRT/1,088 DWT by type: cargo 1 foreign-owned: 2 Russia 1 registered in other countries: 4	-
Military branches	National Army: Ground Forces, Air Force	Slovenian Army (includes Air and Naval Forces)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$9.5 million (FY03)	$370 million (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	0.4% (FY02)	1.7% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 1,186,818 (2004 est.)	males age 15-49: 520,037 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 942,071 (2004 est.)	males age 15-49: 413,453 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age	-	19 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 44,466 (2004 est.)	males: 13,704 (2003 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 27 August (1991)	Independence Day/Statehood Day, 25 June (1991)
Nationality	noun: Moldovan(s) adjective: Moldovan	noun: Slovene(s) adjective: Slovenian
Natural hazards	landslides (57 cases in 1998)	flooding and earthquakes
Natural resources	lignite, phosphorites, gypsum, arable land, limestone	lignite coal, lead, zinc, mercury, uranium, silver, hydropower, forests
Net migration rate	-0.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	2.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines	gas 606 km (2004)	gas 2,526 km; oil 11 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Modova Bloc [Serafim URECHEANU] includes: Democratic Party [Dumitru DIACOV], Our Moldova Alliance [Dumitru BRAGHIS, Serafim URECHEANU], Social Liberal Party [Oleg SEREBRIAN]; Communist Party of the Republic of Moldova or PCRM [Vladimir VORONIN, first chairman]; Popular Christian Democratic Party or PPCD [Iurie ROSCA]	Democratic Party of Retired (Persons) of Slovenia or DeSUS [Anton ROUS]; Liberal Democratic or LDS [Anton ROP]; New Slovenia or NSi [Andrej BAJUK]; Slovene National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC]; Slovene People's Party or SLS [Franc BUT]; Slovene Youth Party or SMS [Dominic CERNJAK]; Social Democratic Party of Slovenia or SDS [Janez JANSA]; United List of Social Democrats or ZLSD [Borut PAHOR]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	4,446,455 (July 2004 est.)	1,935,677 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	80% (2001 est.)	NA%
Population growth rate	0.18% (2004 est.)	0.14% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	none	Izola, Koper, Piran
Radio broadcast stations	AM 7, FM 50, shortwave 3 (1998)	AM 17, FM 160, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	total: 1,138 km broad gauge: 1,124 km 1.520-m gauge standard gauge: 14 km 1.435-m gauge (2003)	total: 1,201 km standard gauge: 1,201 km 1.435-m gauge (499 km electrified) (2002)
Religions	Eastern Orthodox 98%, Jewish 1.5%, Baptist and other 0.5% (2000)	Roman Catholic (Uniate 2%) 70.8%, Lutheran 1%, Muslim 1%, atheist 4.3%, other 22.9%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed)
Telephone system	general assessment: inadequate, outmoded, poor service outside Chisinau; some effort to modernize is under way domestic: new subscribers face long wait for service; mobile cellular telephone service being introduced international: country code - 373; service through Romania and Russia via landline; satellite earth stations - Intelsat, Eutelsat, and Intersputnik	general assessment: NA domestic: 100% digital (2000) international: NA
Telephones - main lines in use	706,900 (2002)	722,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	338,200 (2002)	1 million (2000)
Television broadcast stations	1 (plus 30 repeaters) (1995)	48 (2001)
Terrain	rolling steppe, gradual slope south to Black Sea	a short coastal strip on the Adriatic, an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy and Austria, mixed mountains and valleys with numerous rivers to the east
Total fertility rate	1.78 children born/woman (2004 est.)	1.27 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	8% (roughly 25% of working age Moldovans are employed abroad) (2002 est.)	11% (2002 est.)
Waterways	424 km (2004)	NA

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