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Compare Mexico (2005) - Monaco (2005)

Compare Mexico (2005) z Monaco (2005)

 Mexico (2005)Monaco (2005)
 MexicoMonaco
Administrative divisions 31 states (estados, singular - estado) and 1 federal district* (distrito federal); Aguascalientes, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Colima, Distrito Federal*, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan de Ocampo, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro de Arteaga, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz-Llave, Yucatan, Zacatecas none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
Age structure 0-14 years: 31.1% (male 16,844,400/female 16,159,511)


15-64 years: 63.3% (male 32,521,043/female 34,704,093)


65 years and over: 5.6% (male 2,715,010/female 3,258,846) (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 15.5% (male 2,563/female 2,445)


15-64 years: 62.1% (male 9,909/female 10,217)


65 years and over: 22.4% (male 2,972/female 4,303) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products corn, wheat, soybeans, rice, beans, cotton, coffee, fruit, tomatoes; beef, poultry, dairy products; wood products none
Airports 1,833 (2004 est.) none; linked to the airport at Nice, France by helicopter service (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 233


over 3,047 m: 12


2,438 to 3,047 m: 28


1,524 to 2,437 m: 84


914 to 1,523 m: 80


under 914 m: 29 (2004 est.)
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Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1,600


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 69


914 to 1,523 m: 454


under 914 m: 1,075 (2004 est.)
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Area total: 1,972,550 sq km


land: 1,923,040 sq km


water: 49,510 sq km
total: 1.95 sq km


land: 1.95 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly less than three times the size of Texas about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background The site of advanced Amerindian civilizations, Mexico came under Spanish rule for three centuries before achieving independence early in the 19th century. A devaluation of the peso in late 1994 threw Mexico into economic turmoil, triggering the worst recession in over half a century. The nation continues to make an impressive recovery. Ongoing economic and social concerns include low real wages, underemployment for a large segment of the population, inequitable income distribution, and few advancement opportunities for the largely Amerindian population in the impoverished southern states. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time since the 1910 Mexican Revolution that the opposition defeated the party in government, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). Vicente FOX of the National Action Party (PAN) was sworn in on 1 December 2000 as the first chief executive elected in free and fair elections. Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.
Birth rate 21.01 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 9.26 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues: $160 billion


expenditures: $158 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
revenues: $518 million


expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1995)
Capital Mexico (Distrito Federal) Monaco
Climate varies from tropical to desert Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Coastline 9,330 km 4.1 km
Constitution 5 February 1917 17 December 1962
Country name conventional long form: United Mexican States


conventional short form: Mexico


local long form: Estados Unidos Mexicanos


local short form: Mexico
conventional long form: Principality of Monaco


conventional short form: Monaco


local long form: Principaute de Monaco


local short form: Monaco
Death rate 4.73 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 12.71 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $149.9 billion (2004 est.) $18 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Antonio O. GARZA


embassy: Paseo de la Reforma 305, Colonia Cuauhtemoc, 06500 Mexico, Distrito Federal


mailing address: P. O. Box 9000, Brownsville, TX 78520-0900


telephone: [52] (55) 5080-2000


FAX: [52] (55) 5525-5040


consulate(s) general: Ciudad Juarez, Guadalajara, Monterrey, Tijuana


consulate(s): Hermosillo, Matamoros, Merida, Nogales, Nuevo, Laredo
the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador-designate Carlos Alberto de ICAZA Gonzalez


chancery: 1911 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006


telephone: [1] (202) 728-1600


FAX: [1] (202) 728-1698


consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Austin, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, El Paso, Houston, Laredo (Texas), Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Nogales (Arizona), Phoenix, Sacramento, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose, San Juan (Puerto Rico)


consulate(s): Albuquerque, Brownsville (Texas), Calexico (California), Corpus Christi (Texas), Del Rio (Texas), Detroit, Douglas (Arizona), Eagle Pass (Texas), Fresno (California), Indianapolis (Indiana), Kansas City (Missouri), Las Vegas, McAllen (Texas), Midland (Texas), Omaha, Orlando, Oxnard (California), Philadelphia, Portland (Oregon), Presidio (Texas), Raleigh, Salt Lake City, San Bernardino, Santa Ana (California), Seattle, Tucson, Yuma (Arizona)
Monaco does not have an embassy in the US


consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international prolonged drought, population growth, and outmoded practices and infrastructure in the border region have strained water-sharing arrangements with the US; the US has stepped up efforts to stem nationals from Mexico, Central America, and other parts of the world from illegally crossing the border with Mexico none
Economic aid - recipient $1.166 billion (1995) NA
Economy - overview Mexico has a free market economy that recently entered the trillion dollar class. It contains a mixture of modern and outmoded industry and agriculture, increasingly dominated by the private sector. Recent administrations have expanded competition in seaports, railroads, telecommunications, electricity generation, natural gas distribution, and airports. Per capita income is one-fourth that of the US; income distribution remains highly unequal. Trade with the US and Canada has tripled since the implementation of NAFTA in 1994. Mexico has 12 free trade agreements with over 40 countries including, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, the European Free Trade Area, and Japan, putting more than 90% of trade under free trade agreements. The government is cognizant of the need to upgrade infrastructure, modernize the tax system and labor laws, and provide incentives to invest in the energy sector, but progress is slow. Monaco, bordering France on the Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. In 2001, a major construction project extended the pier used by cruise ships in the main harbor. The principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough.
Electricity - consumption 189.7 billion kWh (2002) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 98.65 million kWh (2002) -
Electricity - imports 367.7 million kWh (2002) NA kWh


note: electricity supplied by France
Electricity - production 203.6 billion kWh (2002) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Laguna Salada -10 m


highest point: Volcan Pico de Orizaba 5,700 m
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mont Agel 140 m
Environment - current issues scarcity of hazardous waste disposal facilities; rural to urban migration; natural fresh water resources scarce and polluted in north, inaccessible and poor quality in center and extreme southeast; raw sewage and industrial effluents polluting rivers in urban areas; deforestation; widespread erosion; desertification; deteriorating agricultural lands; serious air and water pollution in the national capital and urban centers along US-Mexico border; land subsidence in Valley of Mexico caused by groundwater depletion


note: the government considers the lack of clean water and deforestation national security issues
NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups mestizo (Amerindian-Spanish) 60%, Amerindian or predominantly Amerindian 30%, white 9%, other 1% French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
Exchange rates Mexican pesos per US dollar - 11.286 (2004), 10.789 (2003), 9.656 (2002), 9.342 (2001), 9.456 (2000) euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state: President Vicente FOX Quesada (since 1 December 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Vicente FOX Quesada (since 1 December 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president; note - appointment of attorney general requires consent of the Senate


elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 2 July 2000 (next to be held 2 July 2006)


election results: Vicente FOX Quesada elected president; percent of vote - Vicente FOX Quesada (PAN) 42.52%, Francisco LABASTIDA Ochoa (PRI) 36.1%, Cuauhtemoc CARDENAS Solorzano (PRD) 16.64%, other 4.74%
chief of state: Prince ALBERT II (since 6 April 2005)


head of government: Minister of State Jean-Paul PROUST (since 1 June 2005)


cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch


elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government
Exports 1.863 million bbl/day (2004) $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Exports - commodities manufactured goods, oil and oil products, silver, fruits, vegetables, coffee, cotton -
Exports - partners US 87.6%, Canada 1.8%, Spain 1.1% (2004) -
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and red; the coat of arms (an eagle perched on a cactus with a snake in its beak) is centered in the white band two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 4%


industry: 27.2%


services: 68.9% (2004 est.)
agriculture: 17%


industry: NA%


services: NA% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $9,600 (2004 est.) purchasing power parity - $27,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4.1% (2004 est.) 0.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 23 00 N, 102 00 W 43 44 N, 7 24 E
Geography - note strategic location on southern border of US; corn (maize), one of the world's major grain crops, is thought to have originated in Mexico second-smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban
Heliports 2 (2004 est.) 1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille) (2004 est.)
Highways total: 329,532 km


paved: 108,087 km (including 6,429 km of expressways)


unpaved: 221,445 km (1999 est.)
total: 50 km


paved: 50 km


unpaved: 0 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 1.6%


highest 10%: 35.6% (2002)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs illicit cultivation of opium poppy (cultivation in 2001 - 4,400 hectares; potential heroin production - 7 metric tons) and of cannabis (in 2001 - 4,100 hectares); government eradication efforts have been key in keeping illicit crop levels low; major supplier of heroin and largest foreign supplier of marijuana and methamphetamine to the US market; continues as the primary transshipment country for US-bound cocaine from South America, accounting for about 70 percent of estimated annual cocaine movement to the US; major drug syndicates control majority of drug trafficking throughout the country; producer and distributor of ecstasy; significant money-laundering center -
Imports 205,000 bbl/day (2004) $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Imports - commodities metalworking machines, steel mill products, agricultural machinery, electrical equipment, car parts for assembly, repair parts for motor vehicles, aircraft, and aircraft parts -
Imports - partners US 53.7%, China 7%, Japan 5.1% (2004) -
Independence 16 September 1810 (from Spain) 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)
Industrial production growth rate 3.8% (2004 est.) NA%
Industries food and beverages, tobacco, chemicals, iron and steel, petroleum, mining, textiles, clothing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, tourism tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products
Infant mortality rate total: 20.91 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 22.85 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 18.88 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
total: 5.43 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 6.29 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 5.4% (2004 est.) 1.9% (2000)
International organization participation APEC, BCIE, BIS, CDB, CE (observer), EBRD, FAO, G-3, G-6, G-15, G-19, G-24, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, NAM (observer), NEA, OAS, OECD, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNMOVIC, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO ACCT, CE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO
Irrigated land 65,000 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Justice or Suprema Corte de Justicia Nacional (justices or ministros are appointed by the president with consent of the Senate) Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)
Labor force 34.73 million (2004 est.) 30,540 (January 1994)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 18%, industry 24%, services 58% (2003) -
Land boundaries total: 4,353 km


border countries: Belize 250 km, Guatemala 962 km, US 3,141 km
total: 4.4 km


border countries: France 4.4 km
Land use arable land: 12.99%


permanent crops: 1.31%


other: 85.7% (2001)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (urban area) (2001)
Languages Spanish, various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional indigenous languages French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
Legal system mixture of US constitutional theory and civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch bicameral National Congress or Congreso de la Union consists of the Senate or Camara de Senadores (128 seats; 96 are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms, and 32 are allocated on the basis of each party's popular vote) and the Federal Chamber of Deputies or Camara Federal de Diputados (500 seats; 300 members are directly elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; remaining 200 members are allocated on the basis of each party's popular vote, also for three-year terms)


elections: Senate - last held 2 July 2000 for all of the seats (next to be held 2 July 2006); Chamber of Deputies - last held 6 July 2003 (next to be held 2 July 2006)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PRI 60, PAN 46, PRD 16, PVEM 5, unassigned 1; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PRI 222, PAN 151, PRD 95, PVEM 17, PT 6, CD 5, unassigned 4; note - special elections were held in December 2003; the PRI and the PRD each won one seat and were each assigned one additional proportional representation seat
unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation; to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 February 2003 (next to be held February 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UNAM 21, UND 3
Life expectancy at birth total population: 75.19 years


male: 72.42 years


female: 78.1 years (2005 est.)
total population: 79.57 years


male: 75.7 years


female: 83.63 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 92.2%


male: 94%


female: 90.5% (2003 est.)
definition: NA


total population: 99%


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Middle America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, between Belize and the US and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and the US Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy
Map references North America Europe
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
territorial sea: 12 nm
Merchant marine total: 57 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 649,389 GRT/942,766 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 2, cargo 6, chemical tanker 5, liquefied gas 5, passenger/cargo 9, petroleum tanker 26, roll on/roll off 4


foreign-owned: 4 (Denmark 1, Germany 1, UAE 1, United States 1)


registered in other countries: 6 (2005)
registered in other countries: 54 (2005)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France; the Palace Guard performs ceremonial duties (2003)
Military branches Secretariat of National Defense (Sedena): Army and Air Force (FAM)


Secretariat of the Navy (Semar): Naval Air and Marines (2004)
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Military expenditures - dollar figure $6.043 billion (2004) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.9% (2004) -
National holiday Independence Day, 16 September (1810) National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November
Nationality noun: Mexican(s)


adjective: Mexican
noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)


adjective: Monegasque or Monacan
Natural hazards tsunamis along the Pacific coast, volcanoes and destructive earthquakes in the center and south, and hurricanes on the Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean coasts NA
Natural resources petroleum, silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc, natural gas, timber none
Net migration rate -4.57 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 7.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 28,200 km; petroleum products 10,150 km; natural gas 13,254 km; petrochemical 1,400 km (2003) -
Political parties and leaders Convergence for Democracy or CD [Dante DELGADO Ranauro]; Institutional Revolutionary Party or PRI [Roberto MADRAZO Pintado]; Mexican Green Ecological Party or PVEM [Jorge Emilio GONZALEZ Martinez]; National Action Party or PAN [Luis Felipe BRAVO Mena]; Party of the Democratic Revolution or PRD [Leonel GODOY]; Workers Party or PT [Alberto ANAYA Gutierrez] National and Democratic Union or UND [Jean-Louis CAMPORA]; Union for Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM) [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders Confederation of Employers of the Mexican Republic or COPARMEX; Confederation of Industrial Chambers or CONCAMIN; Confederation of Mexican Workers or CTM; Confederation of National Chambers of Commerce or CONCANACO; Coordinator for Foreign Trade Business Organizations or COECE; Federation of Unions Providing Goods and Services or FESEBES; National Chamber of Transformation Industries or CANACINTRA; National Peasant Confederation or CNC; National Union of Workers or UNT; Regional Confederation of Mexican Workers or CROM; Revolutionary Confederation of Workers and Peasants or CROC; Roman Catholic Church NA
Population 106,202,903 (July 2005 est.) 32,409 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line 40% (2003 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 1.17% (2005 est.) 0.43% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Altamira, Manzanillo, Morro Redondo, Salina Cruz, Tampico, Topolobampo, Veracruz Monaco
Radio broadcast stations AM 850, FM 545, shortwave 15 (2003) AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)
Railways total: 17,634 km


standard gauge: 17,634 km 1.435-m gauge (2004)
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Religions nominally Roman Catholic 89%, Protestant 6%, other 5% Roman Catholic 90%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female


total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female


total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal and compulsory (but not enforced) 21 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: low telephone density with about 15.2 main lines per 100 persons; privatized in December 1990; the opening to competition in January 1997 improved prospects for development, but Telmex remains dominant


domestic: adequate telephone service for business and government, but the population is poorly served; mobile subscribers far outnumber fixed-line subscribers; domestic satellite system with 120 earth stations; extensive microwave radio relay network; considerable use of fiber-optic cable and coaxial cable


international: country code - 52; satellite earth stations - 32 Intelsat, 2 Solidaridad (giving Mexico improved access to South America, Central America, and much of the US as well as enhancing domestic communications), numerous Inmarsat mobile earth stations; linked to Central American Microwave System of trunk connections; high capacity Columbus-2 fiber-optic submarine cable with access to the US, Virgin Islands, Canary Islands, Morocco, Spain, and Italy (1997)
general assessment: modern automatic telephone system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 377; no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system
Telephones - main lines in use 15,958,700 (2003) 33,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 28.125 million (2003) 19,300 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 236 (plus repeaters) (1997) 5 (1998)
Terrain high, rugged mountains; low coastal plains; high plateaus; desert hilly, rugged, rocky
Total fertility rate 2.45 children born/woman (2005 est.) 1.76 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 3.2% plus underemployment of perhaps 25% (2004 est.) 22% (1999)
Waterways 2,900 km


note: navigable rivers and coastal canals (2004)
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