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Compare Maldives (2004) - Dhekelia (2008)

Compare Maldives (2004) z Dhekelia (2008)

 Maldives (2004)Dhekelia (2008)
 MaldivesDhekelia
Administrative divisions 19 atolls (atholhu, singular and plural) and 1 other first-order administrative division*; Alifu, Baa, Dhaalu, Faafu, Gaafu Alifu, Gaafu Dhaalu, Gnaviyani, Haa Alifu, Haa Dhaalu, Kaafu, Laamu, Lhaviyani, Maale*, Meemu, Noonu, Raa, Seenu, Shaviyani, Thaa, Vaavu -
Age structure 0-14 years: 44.4% (male 77,424; female 73,191)


15-64 years: 52.6% (male 91,045; female 87,331)


65 years and over: 3% (male 5,207; female 5,132) (2004 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products coconuts, corn, sweet potatoes; fish -
Airports 5 (2003 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2004 est.)		 -
Area total: 300 sq km


land: 300 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 130.8 sq km


note: area surrounds three Cypriot enclaves
Area - comparative about 1.7 times the size of Washington, DC about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC
Background The Maldives were long a sultanate, first under Dutch and then under British protection. They became a republic in 1968, three years after independence. Since 1978, President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM - currently in his sixth term in office - has dominated the island's political scene. Following riots in the capital Male in August 2004, the president and his government have pledged to embark upon democratic reforms, including a more representative political system and expanded political freedoms. Tourism and fishing are being developed on the archipelago. By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The larger of these is the Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Eastern Sovereign Base Area.
Birth rate 36.06 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Budget revenues: $224 million (excluding foreign grants)


expenditures: $282 million, including capital expenditures of $80 million (2002 est.)		 -
Capital Male name: Episkopi Cantonment (base administrative center for Akrotiri and Dhekelia); located in Akrotiri


geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E


time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August) temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
Coastline 644 km 27.5 km
Constitution adopted January 1998 Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960, functions as a basic legal document
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Maldives


conventional short form: Maldives


local long form: Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa


local short form: Dhivehi Raajje		 conventional long form: Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area


conventional short form: Dhekelia
Currency rufiyaa (MVR) -
Death rate 7.44 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Debt - external $281 million (2003 est.) -
Dependency status - a special form of UK overseas territory; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Maldives; the US Ambassador to Sri Lanka is accredited to Maldives and makes periodic visits there none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Dr. Mohamed LATHEEF


chancery: 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400E, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 599-6195		 none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international none -
Economic aid - recipient NA (1995) -
Economy - overview Tourism, Maldives' largest industry, accounts for 20% of GDP and more than 60% of the Maldives' foreign exchange receipts. Over 90% of government tax revenue comes from import duties and tourism-related taxes. Fishing is a second leading sector. The Maldivian Government began an economic reform program in 1989 initially by lifting import quotas and opening some exports to the private sector. Subsequently, it has liberalized regulations to allow more foreign investment. Agriculture and manufacturing continue to play a lesser role in the economy, constrained by the limited availability of cultivable land and the shortage of domestic labor. Most staple foods must be imported. Industry, which consists mainly of garment production, boat building, and handicrafts, accounts for about 18% of GDP. Maldivian authorities worry about the impact of erosion and possible global warming on their low-lying country; 80% of the area is one meter or less above sea level. Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Dhekelia. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.
Electricity - consumption 108.8 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production 117 million kWh (2001) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Wilingili island in the Addu Atoll 2.4 m		 -
Environment - current issues depletion of freshwater aquifers threatens water supplies; global warming and sea level rise; coral reef bleaching netting and trapping of small migrant songbirds in the spring and autumn
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups South Indians, Sinhalese, Arabs -
Exchange rates rufiyaa per US dollar - 12.8 (2003), 12.8 (2002), 12.2421 (2001), 11.77 (2000), 11.77 (1999) Cypriot pounds per US dollar - NA (2007), 0.46019 (2006), 0.4641 (2005), 0.4686 (2004), 0.5174 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president nominated by the Majlis and then the nomination must be ratified by a national referendum (at least a 51% approval margin is required); president elected for a five-year term; election last held 17 October 2003 (next to be held NA 2008)


election results: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM reelected in referendum held 17 October 2003; percent of popular vote - Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM 90.3%		 chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Administrator Air Vice-Marshal Richard LACEY (since 26 April 2006); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defense


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch
Exports NA (2001) -
Exports - commodities fish, clothing -
Exports - partners US 32.1%, Thailand 17%, Sri Lanka 13.4%, Japan 10.7%, UK 9.8%, Indonesia 4.5% (2003) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description red with a large green rectangle in the center bearing a vertical white crescent; the closed side of the crescent is on the hoist side of the flag the flag of the UK is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $1.25 billion (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 20%


industry: 18%


services: 62% (2000 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $3,900 (2002 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 2.3% (2002 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 3 15 N, 73 00 E 34 59 N, 33 45 E
Geography - note 1,190 coral islands grouped into 26 atolls (200 inhabited islands, plus 80 islands with tourist resorts); archipelago with strategic location astride and along major sea lanes in Indian Ocean British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus; of the Sovereign Base Area land 60% is privately owned and farmed, 20% is owned by the Ministry of Defense, and 20% is SBA Crown land
Highways total: NA km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA		 -
Imports NA (2001) -
Imports - commodities consumer goods, intermediate and capital goods, petroleum products -
Imports - partners Singapore 24.8%, Sri Lanka 13.8%, India 10.2%, Malaysia 7.6%, UAE 7.6%, Thailand 5.1% (2003) -
Independence 26 July 1965 (from UK) -
Industrial production growth rate 4.4% (1996 est.) -
Industries fish processing, tourism, shipping, boat building, coconut processing, garments, woven mats, rope, handicrafts, coral and sand mining none
Infant mortality rate total: 58.32 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 57.43 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 59.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1% (2002 est.) -
International organization participation AsDB, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO -
Irrigated land NA sq km -
Judicial branch High Court -
Labor force 88,000 (2000) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 22%, industry 18%, services 60% (1995) -
Land boundaries 0 km total: 103 km (approximately)


border countries: Cyprus 103 km (approximately)
Land use arable land: 13.33%


permanent crops: 16.67%


other: 70% (2001)		 -
Languages Maldivian Dhivehi (dialect of Sinhala, script derived from Arabic), English spoken by most government officials English, Greek
Legal system based on Islamic law with admixtures of English common law primarily in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction the Sovereign Base Area Administration has its own court system to deal with civil and criminal matters; laws applicable to the Cypriot population are, as far as possible, the same as the laws of the Republic of Cyprus
Legislative branch unicameral People's Council or Majlis (50 seats; 42 elected by popular vote, 8 appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 22 January 2005 (next to be held NA 2010)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 50		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 63.68 years


male: 62.41 years


female: 65.01 years (2004 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97.2%


male: 97.1%


female: 97.3% (2003 est.)		 -
Location Southern Asia, group of atolls in the Indian Ocean, south-southwest of India on the southeast coast of Cyprus near Famagusta
Map references Asia Middle East
Maritime claims measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines


territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm		 -
Merchant marine total: 16 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 54,164 GRT/68,973 DWT


by type: cargo 13, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 1, short-sea/passenger 1


foreign-owned: North Korea 1


registered in other countries: 2 (2004 est.)		 -
Military - note - includes Dhekelia Garrison and Ayios Nikolaos Station connected by a roadway
Military branches National Security Service: comprising Security Branch (ground forces), Air Element; Coast Guard -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $43.1 million (2003) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 8.6% (2003) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 81,221 (2004 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 45,142 (2004 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 26 July (1965) -
Nationality noun: Maldivian(s)


adjective: Maldivian		 -
Natural hazards low level of islands makes them very sensitive to sea level rise -
Natural resources fish -
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Political parties and leaders although political parties are not banned, none exist -
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 339,330 (July 2004 est.) approximately 15,700 live on the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia including 7,700 Cypriots, 3,600 Service and UK Based Contract personnel, and 4,400 dependents
Population below poverty line NA -
Population growth rate 2.86% (2004 est.) -
Ports and harbors Gan, Male -
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998) AM NA, FM 1 (located in Akrotiri), shortwave NA (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)
Religions Sunni Muslim -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female


total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2004 est.)		 -
Suffrage 21 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: minimal domestic and international facilities


domestic: interatoll communication through microwave links; all inhabited islands are connected with telephone and fax service


international: country code - 960; satellite earth station - 3 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 28,700 (2002) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 41,900 (2002) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)
Terrain flat, with white sandy beaches -
Total fertility rate 5.14 children born/woman (2004 est.) -
Unemployment rate NEGL% (2003 est.) -
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