Porownanie Lotwa (2008) - Lotwa (2002)
Porownanie Lotwa (2008) z Lotwa (2002)
Pokaz tylko zmiany
Pokaz tylko zmiany
| Lotwa (2008) | Lotwa (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Podzial administracyjny | 26 counties (singular - rajons) and 7 municipalities*: Aizkraukles Rajons, Aluksnes Rajons, Balvu Rajons, Bauskas Rajons, Cesu Rajons, Daugavpils*, Daugavpils Rajons, Dobeles Rajons, Gulbenes Rajons, Jekabpils Rajons, Jelgava*, Jelgavas Rajons, Jurmala*, Kraslavas Rajons, Kuldigas Rajons, Liepaja*, Liepajas Rajons, Limbazu Rajons, Ludzas Rajons, Madonas Rajons, Ogres Rajons, Preilu Rajons, Rezekne*, Rezeknes Rajons, Riga*, Rigas Rajons, Saldus Rajons, Talsu Rajons, Tukuma Rajons, Valkas Rajons, Valmieras Rajons, Ventspils*, Ventspils Rajons | 26 counties (singular - rajons) and 7 municipalities*: Aizkraukles Rajons, Aluksnes Rajons, Balvu Rajons, Bauskas Rajons, Cesu Rajons, Daugavpils*, Daugavpils Rajons, Dobeles Rajons, Gulbenes Rajons, Jekabpils Rajons, Jelgava*, Jelgavas Rajons, Jurmala*, Kraslavas Rajons, Kuldigas Rajons, Liepaja*, Liepajas Rajons, Limbazu Rajons, Ludzas Rajons, Madonas Rajons, Ogres Rajons, Preilu Rajons, Rezekne*, Rezeknes Rajons, Riga*, Rigas Rajons, Saldus Rajons, Talsu Rajons, Tukuma Rajons, Valkas Rajons, Valmieras Rajons, Ventspils*, Ventspils Rajons |
| Struktura wiekowa | 0-14 years: 13.6% (male 157,451/female 150,184)
15-64 years: 69.6% (male 764,910/female 808,848) 65 years and over: 16.7% (male 123,952/female 254,465) (2007 est.) |
0-14 years: 15.8% (male 191,116; female 182,692)
15-64 years: 68.6% (male 775,481; female 847,261) 65 years and over: 15.6% (male 120,304; female 249,661) (2002 est.) |
| Rolinictwo | grain, sugar beets, potatoes, vegetables; beef, pork, milk, eggs; fish | grain, sugar beets, potatoes, vegetables; beef, pork, milk, eggs; fish |
| Lotniska | 42 (2007) | 25 (2001) |
| Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami | total: 21
2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 9 (2007) |
total: 13
2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 4 (2002) |
| Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami | total: 21
914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 20 (2007) |
total: 12
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 7 (2002) |
| Terytorium | total: 64,589 sq km
land: 63,589 sq km water: 1,000 sq km |
total: 64,589 sq km
land: 63,589 sq km water: 1,000 sq km |
| Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci | slightly larger than West Virginia | slightly larger than West Virginia |
| Tlo historyczne | The name "Lotwa" originates from the ancient Latgalians, one of four eastern Baltic tribes that formed the ethnic core of the Lotwan people (ca. 8th-12th centuries A.D.). The region subsequently came under the control of Germans, Poles, Swedes, and finally, Rosjans. A Lotwan republic emerged following Swiat War I, but it was annexed by the USSR w 1940 - an action never recognized by the US and many other countries. Lotwa reestablished its independence w 1991 following the breakup of the Soviet Union. Although the last Rosjan troops left w 1994, the status of the Rosjan minority (some 30% of the population) remains of concern to Moscow. Lotwa joined both NATO and the EU w the spring of 2004. | After a brief period of independence between the two Swiat Wars, Lotwa was annexed by the USSR w 1940. It reestablished its independence w 1991 following the breakup of the Soviet Union. Although the last Rosjan troops left w 1994, the status of the Rosjan minority (some 30% of the population) remains of concern to Moscow. Lotwa continues to revamp its economy dla eventual integration into various Western European political and economic institutions. |
| Wspolczynnik narodzin | 9.43 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 8.27 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budzet | revenues: $8.975 billion
expenditures: $8.88 billion (2007 est.) |
revenues: $2.4 billion
expenditures: $2.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2002 est.) |
| Stolica | name: Riga
geographic coordinates: 56 57 N, 24 06 E time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday w marzec; ends last Sunday w pazdziernik |
Riga |
| Klimat | maritime; wet, moderate winters | maritime; wet, moderate winters |
| Linia brzegowa | 498 km | 531 km |
| Konstytucja | 15 luty 1922; restored to force by the Konstytucjaal Law of the Republic of Lotwa adopted by the Supreme Council on 21 sierpien 1991; multiple amendments since | the 1991 Konstytucjaal Law which supplements the 1922 constitution, provides dla basic rights and freedoms |
| Nazwa panstwa | conventional long form: Republic of Lotwa
conventional short form: Lotwa local long form: Latvijas Republika local short form: Latvija former: Lotwan Soviet Socialist Republic |
conventional long form: Republic of Lotwa
conventional short form: Lotwa local long form: Latvijas Republika local short form: Latvija former: Lotwan Soviet Socialist Republic |
| Waluta | - | Lotwan lat (LVL) |
| Wspolczynnik zgonow | 13.64 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 14.74 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne | $29.85 billion (30 czerwiec 2007) | $3.4 billion (2000 est.) |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Charles LARSON Jr.
embassy: 7 Raina Boulevard, Riga LV-1510 mailing address: American Embassy Riga, PSC 78, Box Riga, APO AE 09723 telephone: [371] 703-6200 FAX: [371] 782-0047 |
chief of mission: Ambassador Brian E. CARLSON
embassy: 7 Raina Boulevard, Riga LV-1510 mailing address: American Embassy Riga, PSC 78, Box Riga, APO AE 09723 telephone: [371] 703-6200 FAX: [371] 781-4088 |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Andrejs PILDEGOVICS
chancery: 2306 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 328-2840 FAX: [1] (202) 328-2860 |
chief of mission: Ambassador Aivis RONIS
chancery: 4325 17th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011 telephone: [1] (202) 726-8213, 8214 FAX: [1] (202) 726-6785 |
| Miedzynarodowe dyskusje | Rosja refuses to sign the 1997 boundary treaty due to Lotwan insistence on a unilateral clarificatory declaration referencing Soviet occupation of Lotwa and territorial losses; Rosja demands better Lotwan treatment of ethnic Rosjans w Lotwa; as of styczen 2007, ground demarcation of the boundary z Bialorus was complete and mapped z final ratification documentation w preparation; the Lotwan parliament has not ratified its 1998 maritime boundary treaty z Litwa, primarily due to concerns over oil exploration rights; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Lotwa has implemented the strict Schengen border rules z Rosja | the Rosjan Duma refuses to ratify boundary delimitation treaty z Lotwa; the Lotwan Parliament has not ratified its 1998 maritime boundary treaty z Litwa, primarily due to concerns over oil exploration rights |
| Ekonomiczna pomoc - pobieranie | $162 million (2004) | $96.2 million (1995) |
| Ekonomia | Lotwa's economy experienced Produkt krajowy brutto growth of more than 10% per year during 2006-07. The majority of companies, banks, and real estate have been privatized, although the state still holds sizable stakes w a few large enterprises. Lotwa officially joined the Swiat Trade Organization w luty 1999. EU membership, a top foreign policy goal, came w maj 2004. The current account deficit - more than 22% of Produkt krajowy brutto w 2007 - and inflation - at nearly 10% per year - remain major concerns. | Lotwa's transitional economy recovered from the 1998 Rosjan financial crisis, largely due to the SKELE government's budget stringency and a gradual reorientation of exports toward EU countries, lessening Lotwa's trade dependency on Rosja. The majority of companies, banks, and real estate have been privatized. Lotwa officially joined the Swiat Trade Organization w luty 1999. Preparing dla EU membership over the next few years continues as a top foreign policy goal. The high current account and internal government deficits remain major concerns. |
| Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja | 6.09 billion kWh (2005) | 5.16 billion kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - eksport | 707 million kWh (2005) | 500 million kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - import | 2.855 billion kWh (2005) | 2.59 billion kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - produkcja | 4.778 billion kWh (2005) | 3.301 billion kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - zrodla energii | - | fossil fuel: 33%
hydro: 67% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Skrajne punkty wysokosci | lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point: Galzina Kalns 312 m |
lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point: Gaizinkalns 312 m |
| Srodowisko - obecne problemy | Lotwa's environment has benefited from a shift to service industries after the country regained independence; the main environmental priorities are improvement of drinking water quality and sewage system, household, and hazardous waste management, as well as reduction of air pollution; w 2001, Lotwa closed the EU accession negotiation chapter on environment committing to full enforcement of EU environmental directives by 2010 | Lotwa's environment has benefited from a shift to service industries after the country regained independence; the main environmental priorities are improvement of drinking water quality and sewage system, household and hazardous waste management, and reduction of air pollution; w 2001, Lotwa closed the EU accession negotiation chapter on environment committing to full enforcement of EU environmental directives by 2010 |
| Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol |
| Grupy etniczne | Lotwan 57.7%, Rosjan 29.6%, Bialorusian 4.1%, Ukrainian 2.7%, Polish 2.5%, Litwan 1.4%, other 2% (2002) | Lotwan 57.7%, Rosjan 29.6%, Bialorusian 4.1%, Ukrainian 2.7%, Polish 2.5%, Litwan 1.4%, other 2% |
| Kurs waluty | lati per US dollar - 0.5162 (2007), 0.5597 (2006), 0.5647 (2005), 0.5402 (2004), 0.5715 (2003) | lati per US dollar - 0.6384 (styczen 2002), 0.628 (2001), 0.607 (2000), 0.585 (1999), 0.590 (1998), 0.581 (1997) |
| Wladza wykonawcza | chief of state: President Valdis ZATLERS (since 8 lipiec 2007)
head of government: Prime Minister Ivars GODMANIS (since 20 grudzien 2007) cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and appointed by Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament dla a four-year term (eligible dla a second term); election last held 31 maj 2007 (next to be held 2011); prime minister appointed by the president, confirmed by Parliament election results: Valdis ZATLERS elected president; parliamentary vote - Valdis ZATLERS 58, Aivars ENDZINS 39 |
chief of state: President Vaira VIKE-FREIBERGA (since 8 lipiec 1999)
head of government: Prime Minister Einars REPSE (since 7 listopad 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and appointed by the Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament dla a four-year term; election last held 17 czerwiec 1999 (next to be held by czerwiec 2003); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Vaira VIKE-FREIBERGA elected as a compromise candidate w second phase of balloting, second round (after five rounds w first phase failed to produce a clear winner); percent of parliamentary vote - Vaira VIKE-FREIBERGA 53%, Valdis BIRKAVS 20%, Ingrida UDRE 9% |
| Eksport | 6,765 bbl/day (2004) | $2.3 billion f.o.b. (2002) |
| Eksport - towary | wood and wood products, machinery and equipment, metals, textiles, foodstuffs | wood and wood products, machinery and equipment, metals, textiles, foodstuffs |
| Eksport - partnerzy | Litwa 14.2%, Estonia 12.3%, Rosja 11.5%, Niemcy 9.8%, UK 7.6%, Szwecja 6.3%, Dania 4.8% (2006) | Niemcy 17%, UK 16%, Szwecja 10%, Litwa 8%, Rosja 6% (2001 est.) |
| Rok podatkowy | rok kalendarzowy | rok kalendarzowy |
| Opis flagi | three horizontal bands of maroon (top), white (half-width), and maroon | three horizontal bands of maroon (top), white (half-width), and maroon |
| Produkt krajowy brutto | - | purchasing power parity - $20 billion (2002 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu | agriculture: 3.5%
industry: 21.3% services: 75.2% (2007 est.) |
agriculture: 5%
industry: 26% services: 70% (2001) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $8,300 (2002 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu | 10.3% (2007 est.) | 4.5% (2002 est.) |
| Koordynaty geograficzne | 57 00 N, 25 00 E | 57 00 N, 25 00 E |
| Polozenie geograficzne | most of the country is composed of fertile, low-lying plains, z some hills w the east | most of the country is composed of fertile, low-lying plains, z some hills w the east |
| Autostrady | - | total: 59,178 km
paved: 22,843 km unpaved: 36,335 km (1998 est.) |
| Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego | lowest 10%: 2.5%
highest 10%: 29.1% (2003) |
lowest 10%: 3%
highest 10%: 26% (1998) (1998) |
| Narkotyki | transshipment and destination point dla cocaine, synthetic drugs, opiates, and cannabis from Southwest Asia, Western Europe, Latin America, and neighboring Balkan countries; despite improved legislation, vulnerable to money laundering due to nascent enforcement capabilities and comparatively weak regulation of offshore companies and the gaming industry; CIS organized crime (including counterfeiting, corruption, extortion, stolen cars, and prostitution) accounts dla most laundered proceeds | transshipment point dla opiates and cannabis from Central and Southwest Asia to Western Europe and Scandinavia and Latin American cocaine and some synthetics from Western Europe to CIS; money laundering remains a concern |
| Import | 39,190 bbl/day (2004) | $3.9 billion f.o.b. (2002) |
| Import - towary | machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, vehicles | machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, vehicles |
| Import - partnerzy | Niemcy 15.5%, Litwa 12.9%, Rosja 8%, Estonia 7.7%, Polska 7.2%, Finlandia 5.7%, Szwecja 5%, Bialorus 4.7% (2006) | Niemcy 17%, Rosja 9%, Litwa 8%, Finlandia 8%, Szwecja 7% (2001 est.) |
| Niepodleglosc | 18 listopad 1918 (from Soviet Rosja) | 21 sierpien 1991 (from Soviet Union) |
| Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle | 5.9% (2007 est.) | 5.7% (2002 est.) |
| Przemysl | buses, vans, street and railroad cars; synthetic fibers, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, washing machines, radios, electronics, pharmaceuticals, processed foods, textiles; note - dependent on imports dla energy and raw materials | buses, vans, street and railroad cars, synthetic fibers, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, washing machines, radios, electronics, pharmaceuticals, processed foods, textiles; note - dependent on imports dla energy and raw materials |
| Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow | total: 9.16 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 11.08 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
14.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflacja | 9.6% (2007 est.) | 2% (2002 est.) |
| Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji | Australia Group, BA, BIS, CBSS, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NATO, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO | BIS, CBSS, CCC, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO |
| Dostawcy internetu | - | 41 (2001) |
| Nawadniane tereny | 200 sq km
note: land w Lotwa is often too wet, and w need of drainage, not irrigation; approximately 16,000 sq km or 85% of agricultural land has been improved by drainage (2003) |
200 sq km
note: land w Lotwa is often too wet, and w need of drainage, not irrigation; approximately 16,000 sq km or 85% of agricultural land has been improved by drainage (1998 est.) |
| Sadownictwo | Supreme Court (judges' appointments are confirmed by Parliament); Konstytucjaal Court (judges' appointments are confirmed by Parliament) | Supreme Court (judges' appointments are confirmed by Parliament) |
| Sila robocza | 1.136 million (2006 est.) | 1.1 million (2001 est.) |
| Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki | agriculture: 13%
industry: 19% services: 68% (2005 est.) |
agriculture 15%, industry 25%, services 60% (2000 est.) |
| Granica | total: 1,348 km
border countries: Bialorus 141 km, Estonia 343 km, Litwa 588 km, Rosja 276 km |
total: 1,150 km
border countries: Bialorus 141 km, Estonia 339 km, Litwa 453 km, Rosja 217 km |
| Zagospodarowanie terenu | arable land: 28.19%
permanent crops: 0.45% other: 71.36% (2005) |
arable land: 29.01%
permanent crops: 0.48% other: 70.51% (1998 est.) |
| Jezyki | Lotwan (official) 58.2%, Rosjan 37.5%, Litwan and other 4.3% (2000 census) | Lotwan (official), Litwan, Rosjan, other |
| System prawny | based on civil law system z traces of Socialist legal traditions and practices; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | based on civil law system |
| Wladza ustawodawcza | unicameral Parliament or Saeima (100 seats; members are elected by proportional representation from party lists by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 7 pazdziernik 2006 (next to be held w pazdziernik 2010) election results: percent of vote by party - TP 19.5%, ZZS 16.7%, JL 16.4%, SC 14.4%; LPP/LC 8.6%; TB/LNNK 7%; PCTVL 6%; seats by party - TP 23, ZZS 18, JL 18, SC 17, LPP/LC 10, TB/LNNK 8, PCTVL 6; note - seats by party as of luty 2008 - TP 21, ZZS 17, SC 17, JL 14, LPP/LC 10, TB/LNNK 5, PCTVL 6, independents 10 |
unicameral Parliament or Saeima (100 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 5 pazdziernik 2002 (next to be held NA pazdziernik 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - New Era 23.9%, PCTVL 18.9%, People's Party 16.7%, ZZS 9.5%, First Party 7.6%, LNNK 5.4%; seats by party - New Era 26, PCTVL 24, People's Party 21, ZZS 12, First Party 10, LNNK 7 |
| Zywotnosc | total population: 71.6 years
male: 66.39 years female: 77.1 years (2007 est.) |
total population: 69 years
male: 63.13 years female: 75.17 years (2002 est.) |
| Pismienni | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99.7% male: 99.8% female: 99.7% (2000 census) |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99.8% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Lokalizacja | Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Estonia and Litwa | Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Estonia and Litwa |
| Lokalizacja na mapie | Europe | Europe |
| Morskie obszary | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation |
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Flota handlowa | total: 22 ships (1000 GRT or over) 201,684 GRT/221,186 DWT
by type: cargo 9, liquefied gas 2, passenger/cargo 4, petroleum tanker 5, roll on/roll off 2 foreign-owned: 1 (Estonia 1) registered w other countries: 122 (Antigua i Barbuda 9, Belize 14, Kambodza 2, Cypr 1, Dominika 2, Jamajka 2, Liberia 15, Malta 36, Wyspy Marshalla 10, Panama 5, Rosja 2, St Kitts and Nevis 4, St Vincent and The Grenadines 20) (2007) |
total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 30,119 GRT/30,572 DWT
ships by type: cargo 1, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 4 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Grecja 3 (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko | Lotwan Republic Defense Force: Ground Forces, Navy, Air Force (Latvijas Gaisa Spelki), Border Guard, Lotwan Home Guard (Latvijas Zemessardze) (2007) | Ground Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces, Border Guard, National Guard |
| Wojska - wydatki (w dolarach) | - | $87 million (FY01) |
| Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) | 1.2% (2005 est.) | 1.2% (FY01) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (w wieku poborowym) | - | males age 15-49: 591,592 (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (zdolni do sluzby wojskowej) | - | males age 15-49: 464,843 (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (wiek zolniezy) | - | 18 years of age (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (osoby osiagajace wiek poborowy w ciagu roku) | - | males: 19,114 (2002 est.) |
| Swieto narodowe | Niepodleglosc Day, 18 listopad (1918); note - 18 listopad 1918 was the date Lotwa declared itself independent from Soviet Rosja; 4 maj 1990 is when it declared the renewal of independence; 21 sierpien 1991 was the date of de facto independence from the Soviet Union | Niepodleglosc Day, 18 listopad (1918); note - 18 listopad 1918 is the date of independence from Soviet Rosja, 21 sierpien 1991 is the date of independence from the Soviet Union |
| Narodowosc | noun: Lotwan(s)
adjective: Lotwan |
noun: Lotwan(s)
adjective: Lotwan |
| Naturalne zagrozenia | NA | NA |
| Surowce naturalne | peat, limestone, dolomite, amber, hydropower, wood, arable land | peat, limestone, dolomite, hydropower, wood, arable land, minimal; amber |
| Wspolczynnik migracji | -2.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) | -1.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Rurociagi | gas 948 km; oil 82 km; refined products 415 km (2007) | crude oil 750 km; refined products 780 km; natural gas 560 km (1992) |
| Partie polityczne i przywodcy | First Party of Lotwa/Lotwa's Way or LPP/LC [Ainars SLESERS, Ivars GODMANIS]; For Human Rights w a United Lotwa or PCTVL [Jakovs PLINERS]; For the Fatherland and Freedom/Lotwan National Niepodleglosc Movement or TB/LNNK [Roberts ZILE, Maris GRINBLATS]; Harmony Center or SC [Janis URBANOVICS, Nils USAKOVS]; Lotwan Social Democratic Workers Party (Social Democrats) or LSDSP [Juris BOJARS]; Lotwan Socialist Party or LSP [Alfreds RUBIKS]; New Democrats or JD [Maris GULBIS]; New Era Party or JL [Einars REPSE, Krisjanis KARINS]; People's Party or TP [Aigars KALVITIS]; The Union of Lotwan Greens and Farmers Party or ZZS [Augusts BRIGMANIS] | Alliance of the Greens and Farmers Union or ZZS [Augusts BRIGMANIS (Farmer's Union); Indulis EMSIS (Green Party)]; CENTER Political Alliance [Juris CELMINS]; First Party of Lotwa [Eriks JEKABSONS]; For Fatherland and Freedom or LNNK [Maris GRINBLATS]; For Human Rights w a United Lotwa or PCTVL [Janis JURKANS], a coalition of the People's Harmony Party or TSP, the Lotwan Socialist Party or LSP, and the Equal Rights Movement; Freedom Party [Ziedonis CEVERS]; Land of Mara [Irena SAPROVSKA]; Lotwan Rebirth Party [Andris RUBINS]; Lotwan Social-Democratic Workers Party (Social Democrats) or LSDSP [Juris BOJARS]; Lotwa's Way Union or LC [Andris BERZINS]; Light of Latgale or LG [Rihards EIGIMS]; New Era Party [Einars REPSE]; Our Land Party [Ilmars ANCANS]; Party of Lotwans [Aivars GARDA]; People's Party [Andris SKELE]; Progressive Center Party [Inta STAMGUTE]; Rosjan Party [Mihails GAVRILOVS]; Social Democratic Union or SDS [Egils BALDZENS]; Social Democratic Welfare Party or SLP [Juris ZURAVLOVS]; United Republican Party of Lotwa or LARP [Eriks Andrejs SAULUNS, Janis PUKIS, Sarmite JEGERE] |
| Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow | Headquarters dla the Protection of Rosjan Schools (SHTAB) [Aleksandr KAZAKOV] | NA |
| Ludnosc | 2,259,810 (lipiec 2007 est.) | 2,366,515 (lipiec 2002 est.) |
| Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa | NA% | NA% |
| Przyrost naturalny | -0.648% (2007 est.) | -0.77% (2002 est.) |
| Porty i stocznie | - | Liepaja, Riga, Ventspils |
| Stacje radiowe | AM 8, FM 56, shortwave 1 (1998) | AM 8, FM 56, shortwave 1 (1998) |
| Radia | - | 1.76 million (1997) |
| Linie kolejowe | total: 2,303 km
broad gauge: 2,270 km 1.520-m gauge (257 km electrified) narrow gauge: 33 km 0.750-m gauge (2006) |
total: 2,412 km
broad gauge: 2,379 km 1.520-m gauge (271 km electrified) narrow gauge: 33 km 0.750-m gauge (2001) |
| Religie | Lutheran, Roman Catholic, Rosjan Orthodox | Lutheran, Roman Catholic, Rosjan Orthodox |
| Wspolczynnik plci | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.048 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.946 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.487 male(s)/female total population: 0.862 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.48 male(s)/female total population: 0.85 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Prawo wyborcze | 18 years of age; universal dla Lotwan citizens | 18 years of age; universal dla Lotwan citizens |
| System telefoniczny | general assessment: recent efforts focused on bringing competition to the telecommunications sector; the number of fixed lines is decreasing as wireless telephony expands
domestic: number of telecommunications operators has grown rapidly since the fixed-line market opened to competition w 2003; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular subscribership is roughly 125 per 100 persons international: country code - 371; the Lotwan network is now connected via fiber optic cable to Estonia, Finlandia, and Szwecja |
general assessment: inadequate, but is being modernized to provide an international capability independent of the Moscow international switch; more facilities are being installed dla individual use
domestic: expansion underway w intercity trunk line connections, rural exchanges, and mobile systems; still many unsatisfied subscriber applications international: international connections are now available via cable and a satellite earth station at Riga, enabling direct connections dla most calls (1998) |
| Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne | 657,400 (2006) | 734,693 (2000) |
| Telefony komorkowe | 2.184 million (2006) | 401,263 (2000) |
| Stacje telewizyjne | 44 (plus 31 repeaters) (1995) | 44 (plus 31 repeaters) (1995) |
| Uksztaltowanie terenu | low plain | low plain |
| Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety | 1.28 children born/woman (2007 est.) | 1.18 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Wspolczynnik bezrobocia | 5.9% (2007 est.) | 7.6% (2001 est.) |
| Drogi wodne | 300 km (2006) | 300 km (perennially navigable) |
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