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Compare Kuwait (2001) - Cameroon (2008)

Compare Kuwait (2001) z Cameroon (2008)

 Kuwait (2001)Cameroon (2008)
 KuwaitCameroon
Administrative divisions 5 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Al Ahmadi, Al Farwaniyah, Al 'Asimah, Al Jahra', Hawalli 10 provinces; Adamaoua, Centre, Est, Extreme-Nord, Littoral, Nord, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud, Sud-Ouest
Age structure 0-14 years:
28.76% (male 299,080; female 288,125)

15-64 years:
68.82% (male 897,839; female 507,527)

65 years and over:
2.42% (male 31,843; female 17,547) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 41.3% (male 3,763,332/female 3,695,053)


15-64 years: 55.5% (male 5,029,658/female 4,994,786)


65 years and over: 3.2% (male 266,616/female 310,937) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products practically no crops; fish coffee, cocoa, cotton, rubber, bananas, oilseed, grains, root starches; livestock; timber
Airports 8 (2000 est.) 45 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
4

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total: 11


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total: 34


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 20


under 914 m: 8 (2007)
Area total:
17,820 sq km

land:
17,820 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 475,440 sq km


land: 469,440 sq km


water: 6,000 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than New Jersey slightly larger than California
Background Kuwait was attacked and overrun by Iraq on 2 August 1990. Following several weeks of aerial bombardment, a US-led UN coalition began a ground assault on 23 February 1991 that completely liberated Kuwait in four days. Kuwait has spent more than $5 billion to repair oil infrastructure damaged during 1990-91. The former French Cameroon and part of British Cameroon merged in 1961 to form the present country. Cameroon has generally enjoyed stability, which has permitted the development of agriculture, roads, and railways, as well as a petroleum industry. Despite a slow movement toward democratic reform, political power remains firmly in the hands of President Paul BIYA.
Birth rate 21.91 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 35.07 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$11.5 billion

expenditures:
$17.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY01/02)
revenues: $4.14 billion


expenditures: $3.3 billion (2007 est.)
Capital Kuwait name: Yaounde


geographic coordinates: 3 52 N, 11 31 E


time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate dry desert; intensely hot summers; short, cool winters varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north
Coastline 499 km 402 km
Constitution approved and promulgated 11 November 1962 20 May 1972 approved by referendum, adopted 2 June 1972; revised January 1996
Country name conventional long form:
State of Kuwait

conventional short form:
Kuwait

local long form:
Dawlat al Kuwayt

local short form:
Al Kuwayt
conventional long form: Republic of Cameroon


conventional short form: Cameroon


local long form: Republique du Cameroun/Republic of Cameroon


local short form: Cameroun/Cameroon


former: French Cameroon, British Cameroon, Federal Republic of Cameroon, United Republic of Cameroon
Currency Kuwaiti dinar (KWD) -
Death rate 2.45 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 12.66 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $6.9 billion (2000 est.) $2.449 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador James A. LAROCCO

embassy:
Bayan, near the Bayan palace, Kuwait City

mailing address:
P. O. Box 77 Safat, 13001 Safat, Kuwait Unit 69000, APO AE 09880-9000

telephone:
[965] 539-5307

FAX:
[965] 538-0282
chief of mission: Ambassador Janet E. GARVEY


embassy: Avenue Rosa Parks, Yaounde


mailing address: P. O. Box 817, Yaounde; pouch: American Embassy, US Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2520


telephone: [237] 2220 15 00; Consular: [237] 2220 16 03


FAX: [237] 2220 16 00 Ext. 4531; Consular FAX: [237] 2220 17 52


branch office(s): Douala
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador (vacant)

chancery:
2940 Tilden Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 966-0702

FAX:
[1] (202) 966-0517
chief of mission: Ambassador Jerome MENDOUGA


chancery: 2349 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 265-8790


FAX: [1] (202) 387-3826
Disputes - international in November 1994, Iraq formally accepted the UN-demarcated border with Kuwait which had been spelled out in Security Council Resolutions 687 (1991), 773 (1993), and 883 (1993); this formally ends earlier claims to Kuwait and to Bubiyan and Warbah islands Joint Border Commission with Nigeria reviewed 2002 ICJ ruling on the entire boundary and bilaterally resolved differences, including June 2006 Greentree Agreement that immediately cedes sovereignty of the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon with a phase-out of Nigerian control within two years while resolving patriation issues; implementation of the ICJ ruling on the Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea is pending due to imprecisely defined coordinates and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River; only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty, which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries
Economic aid - recipient $27.6 million (1995) $413.8 million in January 2001, the Paris Club agreed to reduce Cameroon's debt of $1.3 billion by $900 million; debt relief now totals $1.26 billion (2005)
Economy - overview Kuwait is a small, relatively open economy with proved crude oil reserves of about 94 billion barrels - 10% of world reserves. Petroleum accounts for nearly half of GDP, 90% of export revenues, and 75% of government income. Kuwait's climate limits agricultural development. Consequently, with the exception of fish, it depends almost wholly on food imports. About 75% of potable water must be distilled or imported. Higher oil prices put the FY99/00 budget into a $2 billion surplus. The FY00/01 budget covers only nine months because of a change in the fiscal year. The budget for FY01/02, which begins 1 April, contains higher expenditures for salaries, construction, and other general categories. Kuwait continues its discussions with foreign oil companies to develop fields in the northern part of the country. Because of its modest oil resources and favorable agricultural conditions, Cameroon has one of the best-endowed primary commodity economies in sub-Saharan Africa. Still, it faces many of the serious problems facing other underdeveloped countries, such as a top-heavy civil service and a generally unfavorable climate for business enterprise. Since 1990, the government has embarked on various IMF and World Bank programs designed to spur business investment, increase efficiency in agriculture, improve trade, and recapitalize the nation's banks. In June 2000, the government completed an IMF-sponsored, three-year structural adjustment program; however, the IMF is pressing for more reforms, including increased budget transparency, privatization, and poverty reduction programs. International oil and cocoa prices have a significant impact on the economy.
Electricity - consumption 29.357 billion kWh (1999) 3.435 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 31.567 billion kWh (1999) 4.09 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location 306 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Fako 4,095 m (on Mt. Cameroon)
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources; some of world's largest and most sophisticated desalination facilities provide much of the water; air and water pollution; desertification waterborne diseases are prevalent; deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; poaching; overfishing
Environment - international agreements party to:
Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Marine Dumping
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Kuwaiti 45%, other Arab 35%, South Asian 9%, Iranian 4%, other 7% Cameroon Highlanders 31%, Equatorial Bantu 19%, Kirdi 11%, Fulani 10%, Northwestern Bantu 8%, Eastern Nigritic 7%, other African 13%, non-African less than 1%
Exchange rates Kuwaiti dinars per US dollar - 0.3057 (January 2001), 0.3067 (2000), 0.3044 (1999), 0.3047 (1998), 0.3033 (1997), 0.2994 (1996) Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 493.51 (2007), 522.59 (2006), 527.47 (2005), 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state:
Amir JABIR al-Ahmad al-Jabir Al Sabah (since 31 December 1977)

head of government:
Prime Minister and Crown Prince SAAD al-Abdallah al-Salim Al Sabah (since 8 February 1978); First Deputy Prime Minister SABAH al-Ahmad al-Jabir Al Sabah (since 17 October 1992); Deputy Prime Ministers JABIR MUBARAK al-Hamud Al Sabah (since NA) and MUHAMMAD KHALID al-Hamed Al Sabah (since NA)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister and approved by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the monarch
chief of state: President Paul BIYA (since 6 November 1982)


head of government: Prime Minister Ephraim INONI (since 8 December 2004)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from proposals submitted by the prime minister


elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 October 2004 (next to be held by October 2011); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: President Paul BIYA reelected; percent of vote - Paul BIYA 70.9%, John FRU NDI 17.4%, Adamou Ndam NJOYA 4.5%, Garga Haman ADJI 3.7%
Exports $23.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) 107,400 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities oil and refined products, fertilizers crude oil and petroleum products, lumber, cocoa beans, aluminum, coffee, cotton
Exports - partners Japan 23%, US 12%, Singapore 8%, Netherlands 7% (1999) Spain 21.4%, Italy 15.4%, France 11.6%, South Korea 7.3%, Netherlands 7.2%, US 5.7%, Belgium 4.2% (2006)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March 1 July - 30 June
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a black trapezoid based on the hoist side three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), red, and yellow with a yellow five-pointed star centered in the red band


note: uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP purchasing power parity - $29.3 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
0%

industry:
55%

services:
45% (1996)
agriculture: 44.3%


industry: 15.9%


services: 39.8% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $15,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 6% (2000 est.) 3.2% (2007 est.)
Geographic coordinates 29 30 N, 45 45 E 6 00 N, 12 00 E
Geography - note strategic location at head of Persian Gulf sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa; throughout the country there are areas of thermal springs and indications of current or prior volcanic activity; Mount Cameroon, the highest mountain in Sub-Saharan west Africa, is an active volcano
Heliports 3 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
4,450 km

paved:
3,590 km

unpaved:
860 km (1999 est.)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 2.3%


highest 10%: 35.4% (2001)
Imports $7.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) 63,710 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities food, construction materials, vehicles and parts, clothing machinery, electrical equipment, transport equipment, fuel, food
Imports - partners US 15%, Japan 10%, UK 7%, Germany 7% (1999) France 23.6%, Nigeria 13.2%, China 7.2%, Belgium 6.1%, US 4.5% (2006)
Independence 19 June 1961 (from UK) 1 January 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate 1% (1997 est.) 3.5% (2007 est.)
Industries petroleum, petrochemicals, desalination, food processing, construction materials petroleum production and refining, aluminum production, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber, ship repair
Infant mortality rate 11.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 65.84 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 70.73 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 60.79 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3% (2000) 2% (2007 est.)
International organization participation ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, BDEAC, CAEU, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, C, CEMAC, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 3 (2000) -
Irrigated land 20 sq km (1993 est.) 260 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch High Court of Appeal Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); High Court of Justice (consists of nine judges and six substitute judges, elected by the National Assembly)
Labor force 1.3 million (1998 est.)

note:
68% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)
6.68 million (2007 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% agriculture: 70%


industry: 13%


services: 17% (2001 est.)
Land boundaries total:
464 km

border countries:
Iraq 242 km, Saudi Arabia 222 km
total: 4,591 km


border countries: Central African Republic 797 km, Chad 1,094 km, Republic of the Congo 523 km, Equatorial Guinea 189 km, Gabon 298 km, Nigeria 1,690 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
8%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
92% (1993 est.)
arable land: 12.54%


permanent crops: 2.52%


other: 84.94% (2005)
Languages Arabic (official), English widely spoken 24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official)
Legal system civil law system with Islamic law significant in personal matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on French civil law system, with common law influence; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly or Majlis al-Umma (50 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 3 July 1999 (next to be held NA 2003)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 50; note - all cabinet ministers are also ex officio members of the National Assembly
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (180 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - the president can either lengthen or shorten the term of the legislature


elections: last held 22 July 2007 (next to be held in 2012)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RDCP 140, SDF 14, UDC 4, UNDP 4, MP 1, vacant 17; note - vacant seats will be determined in a yet to be scheduled by-election after the Supreme Court nullified results in five districts


note: the constitution calls for an upper chamber for the legislature, to be called a Senate, but it has yet to be established
Life expectancy at birth total population:
76.27 years

male:
75.42 years

female:
77.15 years (2001 est.)
total population: 52.86 years


male: 52.15 years


female: 53.59 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
78.6%

male:
82.2%

female:
74.9% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 67.9%


male: 77%


female: 59.8% (2001 est.)
Location Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf, between Iraq and Saudi Arabia Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria
Map references Middle East Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm
Merchant marine total:
45 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,461,072 GRT/3,966,645 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 1, cargo 6, container 6, liquefied gas 7, livestock carrier 5, petroleum tanker 20 (2000 est.)
total: 1 ship (1000 GRT or over) 38,613 GRT/68,820 DWT


by type: petroleum tanker 1


foreign-owned: 1 (France 1) (2007)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, National Police Force, National Guard, Coast Guard Cameroon Armed Forces: Army, Navy (includes naval infantry), Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Cameroun, AAC) (2008)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $1.9 billion (FY00/01) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 8.7% (FY00/01) 1.3% (2006)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
780,559 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
466,521 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
18,309 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday National Day, 25 February (1950) Republic Day (National Day), 20 May (1972)
Nationality noun:
Kuwaiti(s)

adjective:
Kuwaiti
noun: Cameroonian(s)


adjective: Cameroonian
Natural hazards sudden cloudbursts are common from October to April; they bring inordinate amounts of rain which can damage roads and houses; sandstorms and dust storms occur throughout the year, but are most common between March and August volcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes
Natural resources petroleum, fish, shrimp, natural gas petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber, hydropower
Net migration rate 14.31 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 877 km; petroleum products 40 km; natural gas 165 km gas 27 km; liquid petroleum gas 5 km; oil 1,110 km (2007)
Political parties and leaders none; formation of political parties is illegal Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC [Adamou Ndam NJOYA]; Cameroon People's Democratic Movement or RDPC [Paul BIYA]; Movement for the Defense of the Republic or MDR [Dakole DAISSALA]; Movement for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC [Marcel YONDO]; National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Maigari BELLO BOUBA]; Progressive Movement or MP; Social Democratic Front or SDF [John FRU NDI]; Union of Peoples of Cameroon or UPC [Augustin Frederic KODOCK]
Political pressure groups and leaders several political groups act as de facto parties: Bedouins, merchants, Sunni and Shi'a activists, and secular leftists and nationalists Southern Cameroon National Council [Ayamba Ette OTUN]; Human Rights Defense Group [Albert MUKONG, president]
Population 2,041,961

note:
includes 1,159,913 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)
18,060,382


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 48% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate 3.38% (2001 est.)

note:
this rate reflects a return to pre-Gulf crisis immigration of expatriates
2.241% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Ash Shu'aybah, Ash Shuwaykh, Kuwait, Mina' 'Abd Allah, Mina' al Ahmadi, Mina' Su'ud -
Radio broadcast stations AM 6, FM 11, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 3 (2001)
Radios 1.175 million (1997) -
Railways 0 km total: 987 km


narrow gauge: 987 km 1.000-m gauge (2006)
Religions Muslim 85% (Sunni 45%, Shi'a 40%), Christian, Hindu, Parsi, and other 15% indigenous beliefs 40%, Christian 40%, Muslim 20%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.04 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.77 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.81 male(s)/female

total population:
1.51 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.018 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.007 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.857 male(s)/female


total population: 1.007 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage adult males who have been naturalized for 30 years or more or have resided in Kuwait since before 1920 and their male descendants at age 21

note:
only 10% of all citizens are eligible to vote; in 1996, naturalized citizens who do not meet the pre-1920 qualification but have been naturalized for 30 years were eligible to vote for the first time
20 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
the quality of service is excellent

domestic:
new telephone exchanges provide a large capacity for new subscribers; trunk traffic is carried by microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, open wire, and fiber-optic cable; a cellular telephone system operates throughout Kuwait, and the country is well supplied with pay telephones

international:
coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; linked to Bahrain, Qatar, UAE via the Fiber-Optic Gulf (FOG) cable; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 2 Indian Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean), and 2 Arabsat
general assessment: fixed-line connections stand at less than 1 per 100 persons; equipment is old and outdated, and connections with many parts of the country are unreliable; mobile-cellular usage, in part a reflection of the poor condition and general inadequacy of the fixed-line network, has been increasing steadily and currently stands at 14 per 100 persons


domestic: cable, microwave radio relay, and tropospheric scatter


international: country code - 237; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)
Telephones - main lines in use 412,000 (1997) 100,300 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular 210,000 (1997) 2.253 million (2005)
Television broadcast stations 13 (plus several satellite channels) (1997) 1 (2001)
Terrain flat to slightly undulating desert plain diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north
Total fertility rate 3.2 children born/woman (2001 est.) 4.49 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 1.8% (official 1996 est.) 30% (2001 est.)
Waterways none navigation mainly on Benue River; limited during rainy season (2005)
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