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Compare Jan Mayen (2008) - Gaza Strip (2008)

Compare Jan Mayen (2008) z Gaza Strip (2008)

 Jan Mayen (2008)Gaza Strip (2008)
 Jan MayenGaza Strip
Age structure - 0-14 years: 47.6% (male 361,115/female 344,236)


15-64 years: 49.9% (male 377,927/female 361,824)


65 years and over: 2.5% (male 15,454/female 21,849) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products - olives, citrus, vegetables; beef, dairy products
Airports 1 (2007) 2 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Area total: 377 sq km


land: 377 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 360 sq km


land: 360 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background This desolate, artic, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985. It is the northernmost active volcano on earth. The September 1993 Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements provided for a transitional period of Palestinian self-rule in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Under a series of agreements signed between May 1994 and September 1999, Israel transferred to the Palestinian Authority (PA) security and civilian responsibility for Palestinian-populated areas of the West Bank and Gaza. Negotiations to determine the permanent status of the West Bank and Gaza stalled following the outbreak of an intifada in September 2000, as Israeli forces reoccupied most Palestinian-controlled areas. In April 2003, the Quartet (US, EU, UN, and Russia) presented a roadmap to a final settlement of the conflict by 2005 based on reciprocal steps by the two parties leading to two states, Israel and a democratic Palestine. The proposed date for a permanent status agreement was postponed indefinitely due to violence and accusations that both sides had not followed through on their commitments. Following Palestinian leader Yasir ARAFAT's death in late 2004, Mahmud ABBAS was elected PA president in January 2005. A month later, Israel and the PA agreed to the Sharm el-Sheikh Commitments in an effort to move the peace process forward. In September 2005, Israel unilaterally withdrew all its settlers and soldiers and dismantled its military facilities in the Gaza Strip and withdrew settlers and redeployed soldiers from four small northern West Bank settlements. Nonetheless, Israel controls maritime, airspace, and most access to the Gaza Strip. A November 2005 PA-Israeli agreement authorized the reopening of the Rafah border crossing between the Gaza Strip and Egypt under joint PA and Egyptian control. In January 2006, the Islamic Resistance Movement, HAMAS, won control of the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC). The international community refused to accept the HAMAS-led government because it did not recognize Israel, would not renounce violence, and refused to honor previous peace agreements between Israel and the PA. HAMAS took control of the PA government in March 2006, but President ABBAS had little success negotiating with HAMAS to present a political platform acceptable to the international community so as to lift economic sanctions on Palestinians. The PLC was unable to convene throughout most of 2006 as a result of Israel's detention of many HAMAS PLC members and Israeli-imposed travel restrictions on other PLC members. Violent clashes took place between Fatah and HAMAS supporters in the Gaza Strip in 2006 and early 2007, resulting in numerous Palestinian deaths and injuries. ABBAS and HAMAS Political Bureau Chief MISHAL in February 2007 signed the Mecca Agreement in Saudi Arabia that resulted in the formation of a Palestinian National Unity Government (NUG) headed by HAMAS member Ismail HANIYA. However, fighting continued in the Gaza Strip, and in June, HAMAS militants succeeded in a violent takeover of all military and governmental institutions in the Gaza Strip. ABBAS dismissed the NUG and through a series of Presidential decrees formed a PA government in the West Bank led by independent Salam FAYYAD. HAMAS rejected the NUG's dismissal and has called for resuming talks with Fatah, but ABBAS has ruled out negotiations until HAMAS agrees to a return of PA control over the Gaza Strip and recognizes the FAYYAD-led government. FAYYAD and his PA government initiated a series of security and economic reforms to improve conditions in the West Bank. ABBAS participated in talks with Israel's Prime Minister OLMERT and secured the release of some Palestinian prisoners and previously withheld customs revenue. During a November 2007 international meeting in Annapolis Maryland, ABBAS and OLMERT agreed to resume peace negotiations with the goal of reaching a final peace settlement by the end of 2008.
Birth rate - 38.9 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget - revenues: $1.149 billion


expenditures: $2.31 billion


note: includes West Bank (2006)
Climate arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers
Coastline 124.1 km 40 km
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Jan Mayen
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Gaza Strip


local long form: none


local short form: Qita Ghazzah
Death rate - 3.74 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service -
Disputes - international none West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent status to be determined through further negotiation; Israel removed settlers and military personnel from the Gaza Strip in August 2005
Economic aid - recipient - $1.4 billion; (includes West Bank) (2006 est.)
Economy - overview Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations on the island. High population density, limited land access, and strict internal and external security controls have kept economic conditions in the Gaza Strip - the smaller of the two areas under the Palestinian Authority (PA)- even more degraded than in the West Bank. The beginning of the second intifadah in September 2000 sparked an economic downturn, largely the result of Israeli closure policies; these policies, which were imposed to address security concerns in Israel, disrupted labor and trade access to and from the Gaza Strip. In 2001, and even more severely in 2003, Israeli military measures in PA areas resulted in the destruction of capital, the disruption of administrative structures, and widespread business closures. The Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip in September 2005 offered some medium-term opportunities for economic growth, but continued Israeli-imposed crossings closures, which became more restrictive after Hamas violently took over the territory in June 2007, have resulted in widespread private sector layoffs and shortages of most goods.
Electricity - consumption - 230,000 kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports - 90,000 kWh; note - from Israeli Electric Company (2005)
Electricity - production - 140,000 kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m


highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m


highest point: Abu 'Awdah (Joz Abu 'Auda) 105 m
Environment - current issues NA desertification; salination of fresh water; sewage treatment; water-borne disease; soil degradation; depletion and contamination of underground water resources
Ethnic groups - Palestinian Arab
Exchange rates - new Israeli shekels per US dollar - 4.14 (2007), 4.4565 (2006), 4.4877 (2005), 4.482 (2004), 4.5541 (2003)
Exports - $301 million f.o.b.; (includes West Bank) (2005)
Exports - commodities - citrus, flowers, textiles
Exports - partners - Israel, Egypt, West Bank (2006)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of Norway is used -
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 8%


industry: 13%


services: 79% (includes West Bank) (2006 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - -8% (includes West Bank) (2006 est.)
Geographic coordinates 71 00 N, 8 00 W 31 25 N, 34 20 E
Geography - note barren volcanic island with some moss and grass strategic strip of land along Mideast-North African trade routes has experienced an incredibly turbulent history; the town of Gaza itself has been besieged countless times in its history
Heliports - 1 (2007)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - $2.44 billion c.i.f.; (includes West Bank) (2005)
Imports - commodities - food, consumer goods, construction materials
Imports - partners - Israel, Egypt, West Bank (2006)
Industrial production growth rate - 2.4% (includes West Bank) (2005)
Industries - generally small family businesses that produce textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs; the Israelis had established some small-scale modern industries in an industrial center, but operations ceased prior to Israel's evacuation of Gaza Strip settlements
Infant mortality rate - total: 21.88 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 22.91 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 20.79 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 3.6% (includes West Bank) (2006)
Irrigated land 0 sq km 150 sq km; note - includes West Bank (2003)
Labor force - 267,000 (2006)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture: 12%


industry: 18%


services: 70% (2005)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 62 km


border countries: Egypt 11 km, Israel 51 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land: 29%


permanent crops: 21%


other: 50% (2002)
Languages - Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by many Palestinians), English (widely understood)
Legal system the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply -
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 72.16 years


male: 70.84 years


female: 73.54 years (2007 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 92.4%


male: 96.7%


female: 88% (2004 est.)
Location Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Israel
Map references Arctic Region Middle East
Maritime claims territorial sea: 4 nm


contiguous zone: 10 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent status to be determined through further negotiation
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Norway -
Military branches - in accordance with the peace agreement, the Palestinian Authority is not permitted conventional military forces; there are, however, public security forces (2007)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA
Nationality - noun: NA


adjective: NA
Natural hazards dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985 droughts
Natural resources none arable land, natural gas
Net migration rate - 1.43 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station
1,482,405 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line - 80% (2007 est.)
Population growth rate - 3.66% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA (there is one radio and meteorological station) (1998) AM 0, FM 10, shortwave 0 (2008)
Religions - Muslim (predominantly Sunni) 99.3%, Christian 0.7%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.049 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.045 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.707 male(s)/female


total population: 1.037 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Telephone system - general assessment: NA


domestic: Israeli company BEZEK and the Palestinian company PALTEL are responsible for fixed line services; the Palestinian JAWAL company provides cellular services


international: country code - 970 (2004)
Telephones - main lines in use - 349,000 (includes West Bank) (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 1.095 million (includes West Bank) (2005)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (2008)
Terrain volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers flat to rolling, sand- and dune-covered coastal plain
Total fertility rate - 5.64 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate - 34.8% (2006)
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