Porownanie Islandia (2008) - Kirgistan (2008)
Porownanie Islandia (2008) z Kirgistan (2008)
| Islandia (2008) | Kirgistan (2008) | |
 |  | |
| Podzial administracyjny | 8 regions; Austurland, Hofudhborgarsvaedhi, Nordhurland Eystra, Nordhurland Vestra, Sudhurland, Sudhurnes, Vestfirdhir, Vesturland | 7 provinces (oblastlar, singular - oblasty) and 1 city* (shaar); Batken Oblasty, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblasty (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblasty, Naryn Oblasty, Osh Oblasty, Talas Oblasty, Ysyk-Kol Oblasty (Karakol)
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following w parentheses) |
| Struktura wiekowa | 0-14 years: 21.4% (male 32,759/female 31,845)
15-64 years: 66.8% (male 102,161/female 99,411) 65 years and over: 11.8% (male 16,162/female 19,593) (2007 est.) |
0-14 years: 30.3% (male 817,663/female 785,167)
15-64 years: 63.5% (male 1,645,270/female 1,709,522) 65 years and over: 6.2% (male 127,600/female 198,927) (2007 est.) |
| Rolinictwo | potatoes, green vegetables; mutton, dairy products; fish | tobacco, cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool |
| Lotniska | 99 (2007) | 30 (2007) |
| Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami | total: 5
over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007) |
total: 18
over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 11 under 914 m: 3 (2007) |
| Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami | total: 94
1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 28 under 914 m: 63 (2007) |
total: 12
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 10 (2007) |
| Terytorium | total: 103,000 sq km
land: 100,250 sq km water: 2,750 sq km |
total: 198,500 sq km
land: 191,300 sq km water: 7,200 sq km |
| Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci | slightly smaller than Kentucky | slightly smaller than South Dakota |
| Tlo historyczne | Settled by Norwegian and Celtic (Scottish and Irish) immigrants during the late 9th and 10th centuries A.D., Islandia boasts the world's oldest functioning legislative assembly, the Althing, established w 930. Independent dla over 300 years, Islandia was subsequently ruled by Norwegia and Dania. Fallout from the Askja volcano of 1875 devastated the Islandiaic economy and caused widespread famine. Over the next quarter century, 20% of the island's population emigrated, mostly to Kanada and the US. Limited home rule from Dania was granted w 1874 and complete independence attained w 1944. Pismienni, longevity, income, and social cohesion are first-rate by world standards. | A Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions, most of Kirgistan was formally annexed to Rosja w 1876. The Kyrgyz staged a major revolt against the Tsarist Empire w 1916 w which almost one-sixth of the Kyrgyz population was killed. Kirgistan became a Soviet republic w 1936 and achieved independence w 1991 when the USSR dissolved. Nationwide demonstrations w the spring of 2005 resulted w the ouster of President Askar AKAYEV, who had run the country since 1990. Subsequent presidential elections w lipiec 2005 were won overwhelmingly by former prime minister Kurmanbek BAKIYEV. The political opposition organized demonstrations w Bishkek w kwiecien, maj, and listopad 2006 resulting w the adoption of a new constitution that transferred some of the president's powers to parliament and the government. In grudzien 2006, the Kyrgyz parliament voted to adopt new amendments, restoring some of the presidential powers lost w the listopad 2006 constitutional change. By late-wrzesien 2007, both previous versions of the constitution were declared illegal, and the country reverted to the AKAYEV-era 2003 constitution, which was subsequently modified w a flawed referendum initiated by BAKIYEV. The president then dissolved parliament, called dla early elections, and gained control of the new parliament through his newly-created political party, Ak Jol, w grudzien 2007 elections. Current concerns include: privatization of state-owned enterprises, negative trends w democracy and political freedoms, reduction of corruption, improving interethnic relations, and combating terrorism. |
| Wspolczynnik narodzin | 13.57 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 23.08 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Budzet | revenues: $9.495 billion
expenditures: $8.432 billion (2007 est.) |
revenues: $684.4 million
expenditures: $764.1 million (2007 est.) |
| Stolica | name: Reykjavik
geographic coordinates: 64 09 N, 21 57 W time difference: UTC (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
name: Bishkek
geographic coordinates: 42 52 N, 74 36 E time difference: UTC+6 (11 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Klimat | temperate; moderated by North Atlantic Current; mild, windy winters; damp, cool summers | dry continental to polar w high Tien Shan; subtropical w southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate w northern foothill zone |
| Linia brzegowa | 4,970 km | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Konstytucja | 16 czerwiec 1944, effective 17 czerwiec 1944; amended many times | adopted 5 maj 1993; note - amendment proposed by President Askar AKAYEV and passed w a national referendum on 2 luty 2003 significantly expanded the powers of the president at the expense of the legislature; during large-scale demonstrations w listopad 2006, President BAKIYEV and the opposition negotiated a new constitution granting greater powers to the parliament and the government; amendments added on 30 grudzien 2006 redistributed some power back to the president, but both listopad and grudzien 2006 versions were annulled w wrzesien 2007, and a new version was approved by referendum on 21 pazdziernik 2007; the BAKIYEV-initiated referendum was criticized by Western observers dla voting irregularities, particularly ballot stuffing |
| Nazwa panstwa | conventional long form: Republic of Islandia
conventional short form: Islandia local long form: Lydveldid Island local short form: Island |
conventional long form: Kyrgyz Republic
conventional short form: Kirgistan local long form: Kyrgyz Respublikasy local short form: Kirgistan former: Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic |
| Wspolczynnik zgonow | 6.77 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 7.02 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne | $3.073 billion (2002) | $2.966 billion (30 czerwiec 2007) |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Carol VAN VOORST
embassy: Laufasvegur 21, 101 Reykjavik mailing address: US Department of State, 5640 Reykjavik Place, Washington, D.C. 20521-5640 telephone: [354] 562-9100 FAX: [354] 562-9118 |
chief of mission: Ambassador Marie L. YOVANOVITCH
embassy: 171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720016 mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [996] (312) 551-241, (517) 777-217 FAX: [996] (312) 551-264 |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Albert JONSSON
chancery: Suite 1200, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005-1704 telephone: [1] (202) 265-6653 FAX: [1] (202) 265-6656 consulate(s) general: New York |
chief of mission: Ambassador Zamira SYDYKOVA
chancery: 2360 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 338-5141 FAX: [1] (202) 386-7550 consulate(s): New York |
| Miedzynarodowe dyskusje | Islandia, the UK, and Irlandia dispute Dania's claim that the Wyspy Owcze' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm | Kirgistan has yet to ratify the 2001 boundary delimitation z Kazachstan; disputes w Isfara Valley delay completion of delimitation z Tadzykistan; delimitation of 130 km of border z Uzbekistan is hampered by serious disputes around enclaves and other areas |
| Ekonomiczna pomoc - udzielanie | $6.7 million (2004) | - |
| Ekonomiczna pomoc - pobieranie | - | $268.5 million from the US (2005) |
| Ekonomia | Islandia's Scandinavian-type economy is basically capitalistic, yet z an extensive welfare system (including generous housing subsidies), low unemployment, and remarkably even distribution of income. In the absence of other natural resources (except dla abundant geothermal power), the economy depends heavily on the fishing industry, which provides nearly 70% of export earnings and employs 6% of the work force. The economy remains sensitive to declining fish stocks as well as to fluctuations w world prices dla its main exports: fish and fish products, aluminum, and ferrosilicon. Substantial foreign investment w the aluminum and hydropower sectors has boosted economic growth which, nevertheless, has been volatile and characterized by recurrent imbalances. Government policies include reducing the current account deficit, limiting foreign borrowing, containing inflation, revising agricultural and fishing policies, and diversifying the economy. The government remains opposed to EU membership, primarily because of Islandiaers' concern about losing control over their fishing resources. Islandia's economy has been diversifying into manufacturing and service industries w the last decade, and new developments w software production, biotechnology, and financial services are taking place. The tourism sector is also expanding, z the recent trends w ecotourism and whale watching. The 2006 closure of the US military base at Keflavik had very little impact on the national economy; Islandia's low unemployment rate aided former base employees w finding alternate employment. | Kirgistan is a poor, mountainous country z a predominantly agricultural economy. Cotton, tobacco, wool, and meat are the main agricultural products, although only tobacco and cotton are exported w any quantity. Industrial exports include gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, and electricity. Following independence Kirgistan was progressive w carrying out market reforms, such as an improved regulatory system and land reform. Kirgistan was the first Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) country to be accepted into the Swiat Trade Organization. Much of the government's stock w enterprises has been sold. Drops w production had been severe after the breakup of the Soviet Union w grudzien 1991, but by mid-1995, production began to recover and exports began to increase. The economy is heavily weighted toward gold export and a drop w output at the main Kumtor gold mine sparked a 0.5% decline w Produkt krajowy brutto w 2002 and a 0.6% decline w 2005. Produkt krajowy brutto grew more than 6% w 2007, partly due to higher gold prices internationally. The government made steady strides w controlling its substantial fiscal deficit, nearly closing the gap between revenues and expenditures w 2006, before boosting expenditures more than 20% w 2007. The government and international financial institutions have been engaged w a comprehensive medium-term poverty reduction and economic growth strategy; w 2005, Bishkek agreed to pursue much-needed tax reform and, w 2006, became eligible dla the heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) initiative. Progress fighting corruption, further restructuring of domestic industry, and success w attracting foreign investment are keys to future growth. |
| Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja | 8.152 billion kWh (2005) | 8.206 billion kWh (2005) |
| Elektrycznosc - eksport | 0 kWh (2005) | 2.684 billion kWh (2005) |
| Elektrycznosc - import | 0 kWh (2005) | 0 kWh (2005) |
| Elektrycznosc - produkcja | 8.533 billion kWh (2005) | 15.15 billion kWh (2005) |
| Skrajne punkty wysokosci | lowest point: Ocean Atlantycki 0 m
highest point: Hvannadalshnukur 2,110 m (at Vatnajokull glacier) |
lowest point: Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m
highest point: Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m |
| Srodowisko - obecne problemy | water pollution from fertilizer runoff; inadequate wastewater treatment | water pollution; many people get their water directly from contaminated streams and wells; as a result, water-borne diseases are prevalent; increasing soil salinity from faulty irrigation practices |
| Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Kyoto Protocol, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Transboundary Air Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Marine Life Conservation |
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Grupy etniczne | homogeneous mixture of descendants of Norse and Celts 94%, population of foreign origin 6% | Kyrgyz 64.9%, Uzbek 13.8%, Rosjan 12.5%, Dungan 1.1%, Ukrainian 1%, Uygur 1%, other 5.7% (1999 census) |
| Kurs waluty | Islandiaic kronur per US dollar - 63.391 (2007), 70.195 (2006), 62.982 (2005), 70.192 (2004), 76.709 (2003) | soms per US dollar - 37.746 (2007), 40.149 (2006), 41.012 (2005), 42.65 (2004), 43.648 (2003) |
| Wladza wykonawcza | chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 sierpien 1996)
head of government: Prime Minister Geir H. HAARDE (since 7 czerwiec 2006) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister elections: president, largely a ceremonial post, is elected by popular vote dla a four-year term (no term limits); election last held 26 czerwiec 2004 (next to be held w czerwiec 2008); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 85.6%, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9% |
chief of state: President Kurmanbek BAKIYEV (since 14 sierpien 2005)
head of government: Prime Minister Igor CHUDINOV (since 24 grudzien 2007) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president; ministers w charge of defense and security, appointed solely by the president elections: Kurmanbek BAKIYEV elected by popular vote dla a five-year term (eligible dla a second term); election last held 10 lipiec 2005 (next scheduled dla 2010); prime minister nominated by the parliamentary party holding more than 50% of the seats; if no such party exists, the president selects the party that will nominate a prime minister election results: Kurmanbek BAKIYEV elected president; percent of vote - Kurmanbek BAKIYEV 88.6%, Tursunbai BAKIR-UULU 3.9%, other candidates 7.5% |
| Eksport | 0 bbl/day (2004) | 3,221 bbl/day (2004) |
| Eksport - towary | fish and fish products 70%, aluminum, animal products, ferrosilicon, diatomite | cotton, wool, meat, tobacco; gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, hydropower; machinery; shoes |
| Eksport - partnerzy | Holandia 16.5%, UK 15.7%, Niemcy 15%, US 10.8%, Hiszpania 6.4% (2006) | Szwajcaria 26.1%, Kazachstan 20.4%, Rosja 19.3%, Afganistan 9.4%, Chiny 4.8% (2006) |
| Rok podatkowy | rok kalendarzowy | rok kalendarzowy |
| Opis flagi | blue z a red cross outlined w white extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side w the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) | red field z a yellow sun w the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Kyrgyz tribes; on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise; w the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of the roof of the traditional Kyrgyz yurt |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu | agriculture: 5.3%
industry: 26.3% services: 68.4% (2007 est.) |
agriculture: 31.7%
industry: 19.8% services: 48.4% (2007 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu | 1.8% (2007 est.) | 6.5% (2007 est.) |
| Koordynaty geograficzne | 65 00 N, 18 00 W | 41 00 N, 75 00 E |
| Polozenie geograficzne | strategic location between Grenlandia and Europe; westernmost European country; Reykjavik is the northernmost national capital w the world; more land covered by glaciers than w all of continental Europe | landlocked; entirely mountainous, dominated by the Tien Shan range; many tall peaks, glaciers, and high-altitude lakes |
| Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: 3.8%
highest 10%: 24.3% (2003) |
| Narkotyki | - | limited illicit cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy dla CIS markets; limited government eradication of illicit crops; transit point dla Southwest Asian narcotics bound dla Rosja and the rest of Europe; major consumer of opiates |
| Import | 17,450 bbl/day (2004) | 13,770 bbl/day (2004) |
| Import - towary | machinery and equipment, petroleum products, foodstuffs, textiles | oil and gas, machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs |
| Import - partnerzy | US 12.8%, Niemcy 12.3%, Norwegia 7.1%, Szwecja 6.9%, Dania 6.1%, UK 5.3%, Chiny 5.3%, Holandia 4.8%, Japonia 4.1% (2006) | Rosja 38.1%, Chiny 14.4%, Kazachstan 11.7%, US 5.7% (2006) |
| Niepodleglosc | 1 grudzien 1918 (became a sovereign state under the Danish Crown); 17 czerwiec 1944 (from Dania) | 31 sierpien 1991 (from Soviet Union) |
| Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle | 9% (2007 est.) | 5% (2007 est.) |
| Przemysl | fish processing; aluminum smelting, ferrosilicon production; geothermal power, tourism | small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement, shoes, sawn logs, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, rare earth metals |
| Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow | total: 3.27 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 3.41 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
total: 33.38 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 38.51 deaths/1,000 live births female: 27.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
| Inflacja | 4.9% (2007 est.) | 6.4% (2007 est.) |
| Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji | Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCO, WEU (associate), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO | ADB, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO |
| Nawadniane tereny | NA | 10,720 sq km (2003) |
| Sadownictwo | Supreme Court or Haestirettur (justices are appointed dla life by the Minister of Justice); eight district courts (justices are appointed dla life by the Minister of Justice) | Supreme Court; Konstytucjaal Court (judges of both the Supreme and Konstytucjaal Courts are appointed dla 10-year terms by the Jorgorku Kenesh on the recommendation of the president; their age limit is 70 years); Higher Court of Arbitration; Local Courts (judges appointed by the president on the recommendation of the National Council on Legal Affairs dla a probationary period of five years, then 10 years) |
| Sila robocza | 180,000 (2007 est.) | 2.7 million (2000) |
| Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki | agriculture: 5.1%
industry: 23% services: 71.4% (2005) |
agriculture: 55%
industry: 15% services: 30% (2000 est.) |
| Granica | 0 km | total: 3,878 km
border countries: Chiny 858 km, Kazachstan 1,051 km, Tadzykistan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,099 km |
| Zagospodarowanie terenu | arable land: 0.07%
permanent crops: 0% other: 99.93% (2005) |
arable land: 6.55%
permanent crops: 0.28% other: 93.17% note: Kirgistan has the world's largest natural growth walnut forest (2005) |
| Jezyki | Islandiaic, English, Nordic languages, German widely spoken | Kyrgyz 64.7% (official), Uzbek 13.6%, Rosjan 12.5% (official), Dungun 1%, other 8.2% (1999 census) |
| System prawny | civil law system based on Danish law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | based on French and Rosjan laws; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Wladza ustawodawcza | unicameral Parliament or Althing (63 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 12 maj 2007 (next to be held by maj 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - Niepodleglosc Party 36.6%, Social Democratic Alliance 26.8%, Progressive Party 11.7%, Left-Green Movement 14.3%, Liberal Party 7.3%, other 3.3%; seats by party - Niepodleglosc Party 25, Social Democratic Alliance 18, Progressive Party 7, Left-Green Alliance 9, Liberal Party 4 |
unicameral Supreme Council or Jorgorku Kenesh (90 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 16 grudzien 2007 (next to be held 2012) election results: Supreme Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Ak Jol 71, Social Democratic Party 11, KCP 8 |
| Zywotnosc | total population: 80.43 years
male: 78.33 years female: 82.62 years (2007 est.) |
total population: 68.81 years
male: 64.8 years female: 73.02 years (2007 est.) |
| Pismienni | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (2003 est.) |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98.7% male: 99.3% female: 98.1% (1999 census) |
| Lokalizacja | Northern Europe, island between the Grenlandia Sea and the North Ocean Atlantycki, northwest of the UK | Central Asia, west of Chiny |
| Lokalizacja na mapie | Arctic Region | Asia |
| Morskie obszary | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin |
none (landlocked) |
| Flota handlowa | total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 4,704 GRT/729 DWT
by type: passenger/cargo 2 registered w other countries: 41 (Antigua i Barbuda 9, Bahamas 1, Belize 1, Wyspy Owcze 4, Gibraltar 1, Malta 7, Norwegia 3, St Vincent and The Grenadines 15) (2007) |
- |
| Wojsko - uwagi | under a 1951 bilateral agreement, Islandia's defense was provided by a US-manned Islandiaic Defense Force (IDF) headquartered w Keflavik; w pazdziernik 2006, all US military forces w Islandia were withdrawn; nonetheless, the US and Islandia signed a Joint Understanding to strengthen their bilateral defense relationship, including regular security consultations, military communications w the event of national emergencies, annual bilateral exercises on Islandiaic territory, and future bilateral and NATO support to four Islandia Air Defense System (IADS) radar sites | - |
| Wojsko | no regular military forces; Islandiaic National Police (2006) | Army, Air Force, National Guard (2005) |
| Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) | 0% (2005 est.) | 1.4% (2005 est.) |
| Swieto narodowe | Niepodleglosc Day, 17 czerwiec (1944) | Niepodleglosc Day, 31 sierpien (1991) |
| Narodowosc | noun: Islandiaer(s)
adjective: Islandiaic |
noun: Kirgistani(s)
adjective: Kirgistani |
| Naturalne zagrozenia | earthquakes and volcanic activity | NA |
| Surowce naturalne | fish, hydropower, geothermal power, diatomite | abundant hydropower; significant deposits of gold and rare earth metals; locally exploitable coal, oil, and natural gas; other deposits of nepheline, mercury, bismuth, lead, and zinc |
| Wspolczynnik migracji | 1.43 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) | -2.52 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Rurociagi | - | gas 254 km; oil 16 km (2007) |
| Partie polityczne i przywodcy | Niepodleglosc Party or IP [Geir H. HAARDE]; Left-Green Movement or LGM [Steingrimur SIGFUSSON]; Liberal Party or LP [Gudjon KRISTJANSSON]; Progressive Party or PP [Gudni AGUSTSSON]; Social Democratic Alliance or SDA [Ingibjorg Solrun GISLADOTTIR] (includes People's Alliance or PA, Social Democratic Party or SDP, Women's List) | Ak Jol [Avtandil ARABAYEV, Elmira IBRAIMOVA, Vladimir NIFADYEV, co-chairs]; Ar-Namys (Dignity) Party [Emil ALIYEV]; Asaba (Banner National Revival Party) [Azimbek BEKNAZAROV]; Ata-Meken (Fatherland) [Omurbek TEKEBAYEV]; Democratic Movement of Kirgistan or DDK [Viktor TCHETRNOMORETS]; Erkindik (Freedom) Party [Topchubek TURGUNALIYEV]; Moya Strana (My Country Party of Action) [Medet SADYRKULOV]; Party of Communists of Kirgistan or KCP [Ishak MASALIYEV]; Party of Justice and Progress [Muratbek IMANALIEV]; Party of Peasants [Esengul ISAKOV]; Republican Party of Labor and Unity [Tabaldy OROZALIYEV]; Sanjira (Tree of Life) [Ednan KARABAYEV]; Social Democratic Party [Almaz ATAMBAYEV]; Union of Democratic Forces [Kubatbek BAIBOLOV] |
| Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow | NA | Adilet Legal Clinic [Cholpon JAKUPOVA]; Coalition dla Democracy and Civil Society [Dinara OSHURAKHUNOVA]; Interbilim [Asiya SASYKBAYEVA] |
| Ludnosc | 301,931 (lipiec 2007 est.) | 5,284,149 (lipiec 2007 est.) |
| Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa | NA% | 40% (2004 est.) |
| Przyrost naturalny | 0.824% (2007 est.) | 1.354% (2007 est.) |
| Stacje radiowe | AM 3, FM about 70 (including repeaters), shortwave 1 (1998) | AM 3 (plus 10 repeater stations), FM 20, shortwave NA (2006) |
| Linie kolejowe | - | total: 470 km
broad gauge: 470 km 1.520-m gauge (2006) |
| Religie | Lutheran Church of Islandia 85.5%, Reykjavik Free Church 2.1%, Roman Catholic Church 2%, Hafnarfjorour Free Church 1.5%, other Christian 2.7%, other or unspecified 3.8%, unaffiliated 2.4% (2004) | Muslim 75%, Rosjan Orthodox 20%, other 5% |
| Wspolczynnik plci | at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.029 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.028 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.825 male(s)/female total population: 1.002 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.041 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.962 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.641 male(s)/female total population: 0.962 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
| Prawo wyborcze | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| System telefoniczny | general assessment: telecommunications infrastructure is modern and fully digitized, z satellite-earth stations, fiber-optic cables, and an extensive broadband network
domestic: liberalization of the telecommunications sector beginning w the late 1990s has led to increased competition especially w the mobile services segment of the market international: country code - 354; the CANTAT-3 and FARICE-1 submarine cable systems provide connectivity to Kanada, the Wyspy Owcze, UK, Dania, and Niemcy; a planned new section of the Hibernia-Atlantic submarine cable will provide additional connectivity to Kanada, US, and Irlandia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Ocean Atlantycki), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Ocean Indyjski regions); note - Islandia shares the Inmarsat earth station z the other Nordic countries (Dania, Finlandia, Norwegia, and Szwecja) |
general assessment: telecommunications infrastructure is growing; fixed line penetration remains low and concentrated w urban areas
domestic: 4 mobile cellular service providers z growing coverage international: country code - 996; connections z other CIS countries by landline or microwave radio relay and z other countries by leased connections z Moscow international gateway switch and by satellite; satellite earth stations - 1 Intersputnik, 1 Intelsat; connected internationally by the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic line (2006) |
| Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne | 193,700 (2006) | 440,400 (2005) |
| Telefony komorkowe | 328,500 (2006) | 541,700 (2005) |
| Stacje telewizyjne | 14 (plus 156 repeaters) (1997) | 7 (1 countrywide and 6 regional stations) (2006) |
| Uksztaltowanie terenu | mostly plateau interspersed z mountain peaks, icefields; coast deeply indented by bays and fiords | peaks of Tien Shan and associated valleys and basins encompass entire nation |
| Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety | 1.91 children born/woman (2007 est.) | 2.68 children born/woman (2007 est.) |
| Wspolczynnik bezrobocia | 1% (2007 est.) | 18% (2004 est.) |
| Drogi wodne | - | 600 km (2007) |
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