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Compare Indonesia (2001) - Palau (2002)

Compare Indonesia (2001) z Palau (2002)

 Indonesia (2001)Palau (2002)
 IndonesiaPalau
Administrative divisions 27 provinces (propinsi-propinsi, singular - propinsi), 2 special regions* (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), and 1 special capital city district** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Irian Jaya, Jakarta Raya**, Jambi, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Riau, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Tenggara, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera Utara, Yogyakarta*; note - the province of Irian Jaya may have been divided into two new provinces - Central Irian Jaya and West Irian Jaya; with the implementation of decentralization on 1 January 2001, the 357 districts (regencies) may become the key administrative units

note:
following the 30 August 1999 provincial referendum for independence which was overwhelmingly approved by the people of Timor Timur and the October 1999 concurrence of Indonesia's national legislature, the name East Timor was adopted as a provisional name for the political entity formerly known as Propinsi Timor Timur; East Timor is under UN administration pending its formal independence
16 states; Aimeliik, Airai, Angaur, Hatobohei, Kayangel, Koror, Melekeok, Ngaraard, Ngarchelong, Ngardmau, Ngatpang, Ngchesar, Ngeremlengui, Ngiwal, Peleliu, Sonsoral
Age structure 0-14 years:
30.26% (male 35,144,702; female 33,973,879)

15-64 years:
65.11% (male 74,273,519; female 74,458,291)

65 years and over:
4.63% (male 4,641,816; female 5,945,663) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 26.8% (male 2,678; female 2,522)


15-64 years: 68.6% (male 7,241; female 6,074)


65 years and over: 4.6% (male 426; female 468) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra; poultry, beef, pork, eggs coconuts, copra, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes
Airports 453 (2000 est.) 3 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
136

over 3,047 m:
4

2,438 to 3,047 m:
12

1,524 to 2,437 m:
39

914 to 1,523 m:
44

under 914 m:
37 (2000 est.)
total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
317

1,524 to 2,437 m:
6

914 to 1,523 m:
28

under 914 m:
283 (2000 est.)
total: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2002)
Area total:
1,919,440 sq km

land:
1,826,440 sq km

water:
93,000 sq km
total: 458 sq km


land: 458 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly less than three times the size of Texas slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The world's largest archipelago, Indonesia achieved independence from the Netherlands in 1949. Current issues include: implementing IMF-mandated reforms of the banking sector, effecting a transition to a popularly elected government after four decades of authoritarianism, addressing charges of cronyism and corruption, holding the military accountable for human rights violations, and resolving growing separatist pressures in Aceh and Irian Jaya. On 30 August 1999 a provincial referendum for independence was overwhelmingly approved by the people of Timor Timur. Concurrence followed by Indonesia's national legislature, and the name East Timor was provisionally adopted. The independent status of East Timor - now under UN administration - has yet to be formally established. After three decades as part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific under US administration, this westernmost cluster of the Caroline Islands opted for independence in 1978 rather than join the Federated States of Micronesia. A Compact of Free Association with the US was approved in 1986, but not ratified until 1993. It entered into force the following year when the islands gained independence.
Birth rate 22.26 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 19.32 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues:
$26 billion

expenditures:
$30 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $57.7 million


expenditures: $80.8 million, including capital expenditures of $17.1 million
Capital Jakarta Koror; note - a new capital is being built about 20 km northeast of Koror
Climate tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands wet season May to November; hot and humid
Coastline 54,716 km 1,519 km
Constitution August 1945, abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959 1 January 1981
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Indonesia

conventional short form:
Indonesia

local long form:
Republik Indonesia

local short form:
Indonesia

former:
Netherlands East Indies; Dutch East Indies
conventional long form: Republic of Palau


conventional short form: Palau


local long form: Beluu er a Belau


local short form: Belau


former: Palau District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
Currency Indonesian rupiah (IDR) US dollar (USD)
Death rate 6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7.11 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $144 billion (2000 est.) $0 (FY99/00)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Robert GELBARD

embassy:
Jalan Merdeka Selatan 4-5, Jakarta 10110

mailing address:
Unit 8129, Box 1, APO AP 96520

telephone:
[62] (21) 3435-9000

FAX:
[62] (21) 3435-9922

consulate(s) general:
Surabaya
chief of mission: the Ambassador to the Philippines is accredited to Palau; Charge d'Affaires Ronald A. HARMS


embassy: address NA, Koror


mailing address: P. O. Box 6028, Republic of Palau 96940


telephone: [680] 488-2920, 2990


FAX: [680] 488-2911
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador DORODJATUN Kuntjoro-Jakti

chancery:
2020 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 775-5200

FAX:
[1] (202) 775-5365

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco
chief of mission: Ambassador Hersey KYOTA


chancery: 1150 18th Street NW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 452-6814


FAX: [1] (202) 452-6281


consulate(s): Saipan (Northern Mariana Islands)
Disputes - international Sipadan and Ligitan Islands in dispute with Malaysia none
Economic aid - recipient $43 billion from IMF program and other official external financing (1997-2000) $155.8 million (1995); note - the Compact of Free Association with the US, entered into after the end of the UN trusteeship on 1 October 1994, provides Palau with up to $700 million in US aid over 15 years in return for furnishing military facilities
Economy - overview Indonesia, a vast polyglot nation, faces severe economic problems, stemming from secessionist movements and the low level of security in the regions, the lack of reliable legal recourse in contract disputes, corruption, weaknesses in the banking system, and strained relations with the IMF. Investor confidence will remain low and few new jobs will be created under these circumstances. Growth of 4.8% in 2000 is not sustainable, being attributable to favorable short-term factors, including high world oil prices, a surge in nonoil exports, and increased domestic demand for consumer durables. The economy consists primarily of tourism, subsistence agriculture and fishing. The government is the major employer of the work force, relying heavily on financial assistance from the US. Business and tourist arrivals numbered 50,000 in FY00/01. The population enjoys a per capita income twice that of the Philippines and much of Micronesia. Long-run prospects for the key tourist sector have been greatly bolstered by the expansion of air travel in the Pacific, the rising prosperity of leading East Asian countries, and the willingness of foreigners to finance infrastructure development.
Electricity - consumption 73.167 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 78.674 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
80.36%

hydro:
14.63%

nuclear:
0%

other:
5.01% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Puncak Jaya 5,030 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Ngerchelchuus 242 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires inadequate facilities for disposal of solid waste; threats to the marine ecosystem from sand and coral dredging, illegal fishing practices, and overfishing
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Javanese 45%, Sundanese 14%, Madurese 7.5%, coastal Malays 7.5%, other 26% Palauan (Micronesian with Malayan and Melanesian admixtures) 70%, Asian (mainly Filipinos, followed by Chinese, Taiwanese, and Vietnamese) 28%, white 2% (2000 est.)
Exchange rates Indonesian rupiahs per US dollar - 10,000 (January 2001), 8,421.8 (2000), 7,855.2 (1999), 10,013.6 (1998), 2,909.4 (1997), 2,342.3 (1996) the US dollar is used
Executive branch chief of state:
President Abdurrahman WAHID (since 20 October 1999) and Vice President MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri (since 21 October 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Abdurrahman WAHID (since 20 October 1999) and Vice President MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri (since 21 October 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected separately by the 700-member People's Consultative Assembly or MPR for five-year terms; election last held 20 and 21 October 1999 (next to be held by NA 2004)

election results:
Abdurrahman WAHID elected president, receiving 373 votes to 313 votes for MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri; MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri elected vice president, defeating Hamzah HAZ; vote totals NA

note:
the People's Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat or MPR) includes the House of Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat or DPR) plus 200 indirectly selected members; it meets every five years to elect the president and vice president and to approve the broad outlines of national policy
chief of state: President Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. (since 19 January 2001) and Vice President Sandra PIERANTOZZI (since 19 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. (since 19 January 2001) and Vice President Sandra PIERANTOZZI (since 19 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet


elections: president and vice president elected on separate tickets by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)


election results: Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. elected president; percent of vote - Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. 53%, Peter SUGIYAMA 46%; Sandra PIERANTOZZI elected vice president; percent of vote - Sandra PIERANTOZZI 52%, Alan SEID 45%
Exports $64.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $11 million f.o.b. (1999)
Exports - commodities oil and gas, plywood, textiles, rubber shellfish, tuna, copra, garments
Exports - partners Japan 21%, US 14%, Singapore 10%, South Korea 7%, Netherlands 3%, Australia 3%, Hong Kong, China, Taiwan (1999 est.) US, Japan, Singapore
Fiscal year calendar year; note - previously was 1 April - 31 March, but starting with 2001, has been changed to calendar year 1 October - 30 September
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Monaco, which is shorter; also similar to the flag of Poland, which is white (top) and red light blue with a large yellow disk (representing the moon) shifted slightly to the hoist side
GDP purchasing power parity - $654 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $174 million


note: GDP numbers reflect US spending (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
21%

industry:
35%

services:
44% (1999 est.)
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $2,900 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $9,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4.8% (2000 est.) 1% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 5 00 S, 120 00 E 7 30 N, 134 30 E
Geography - note archipelago of 17,000 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles Equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean westernmost archipelago in the Caroline chain, consists of six island groups totaling more than 300 islands; includes World War II battleground of Beliliou (Peleliu) and world-famous rock islands
Heliports 4 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
342,700 km

paved:
158,670 km

unpaved:
184,030 km (1997)
total: 61 km


paved: 36 km


unpaved: 25 km
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
3.6%

highest 10%:
30.3% (1996)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs illicit producer of cannabis largely for domestic use; possible growing role as transshipment point for Golden Triangle heroin -
Imports $40.4 billion (c.i.f., 2000 est.) $126 million f.o.b. (1999)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment; chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs machinery and equipment, fuels, metals; foodstuffs
Imports - partners Japan 12%, US 12%, Singapore 10%, Germany 6%, Australia 6%, South Korea 6%, Taiwan, China (1999 est.) US
Independence 17 August 1945 (proclaimed independence; on 27 December 1949, Indonesia became legally independent from the Netherlands) 1 October 1994 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate 7.5% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries petroleum and natural gas; textiles, apparel, and footwear; mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood; rubber; food; tourism tourism, craft items (from shell, wood, pearls), construction, garment making
Infant mortality rate 40.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 16.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 9% (2000 est.) 3.4% (2000 est.)
International organization participation APEC, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACP, ESCAP, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 24 (2000) 1 (2002)
Irrigated land 45,970 sq km (1993 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung (justices appointed by the president from a list of candidates approved by the legislature) Supreme Court; National Court; Court of Common Pleas
Labor force 99 million (1999) 8,300 (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 45%, industry 16%, services 39% (1999 est.) agriculture 20%, industry NA%, services NA% (1990)
Land boundaries total:
2,602 km

border countries:
Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
10%

permanent crops:
7%

permanent pastures:
7%

forests and woodland:
62%

other:
14% (1993 est.)
arable land: 21.74%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 78.26% (1998 est.)
Languages Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects, the most widely spoken of which is Javanese English and Palauan official in all states except Sonsoral (Sonsorolese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official)
Legal system based on Roman-Dutch law, substantially modified by indigenous concepts and by new criminal procedures code; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch unicameral House of Representatives or Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) (500 seats; 462 elected by popular vote, 38 are appointed military representatives; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 7 June 1999 (next to be held NA June 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PDI-P 37.4%, Golkar 20.9%, PKB 17.4%, PPP 10.7%, PAN 7.3%, PBB 1.8%, other 4.5%; seats by party - PDI-P 154, Golkar 120, PPP 58, PKB 51, PAN 35, PBB 14, other 30
bicameral Parliament or Olbiil Era Kelulau (OEK) consists of the Senate (9 seats; members elected by popular vote on a population basis to serve four-year terms) and the House of Delegates (16 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: Senate - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004); House of Delegates - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)


election results: Senate - percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9; House of Delegates - percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 16
Life expectancy at birth total population:
68.27 years

male:
65.9 years

female:
70.75 years (2001 est.)
total population: 69.19 years


male: 66.07 years


female: 72.5 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
83.8%

male:
89.6%

female:
78% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 92%


male: 93%


female: 90% (1980 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean Oceania, group of islands in the North Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Philippines
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims measured from claimed archipelagic baselines

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
exclusive fishing zone: 12 NM


extended fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine total:
609 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,698,157 GRT/3,723,933 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 36, cargo 357, chemical tanker 10, container 25, liquefied gas 3, livestock carrier 1, passenger 7, passenger/cargo 14, petroleum tanker 117, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 15, short-sea passenger 8, specialized tanker 10, vehicle carrier 5 (2000 est.)
none (2002 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the US; under a Compact of Free Association between Palau and the US, the US military is granted access to the islands for 50 years
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines

note:
as of 1 July 2000, the National Police became an independent organization that reports directly to the president
NA
Military expenditures - dollar figure $1 billion (FY98/99) $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.3% (FY98/99) NA%
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
64,046,049 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
37,418,755 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
2,263,706 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 17 August (1945) Constitution Day, 9 July (1979)
Nationality noun:
Indonesian(s)

adjective:
Indonesian
noun: Palauan(s)


adjective: Palauan
Natural hazards occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver forests, minerals (especially gold), marine products, deep-seabed minerals
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 3.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 2,505 km; petroleum products 456 km; natural gas 1,703 km (1989) -
Political parties and leaders Crescent Moon and Star Party or PBB [Yusril Ihza MAHENDRA, chairman]; Development Unity Party or PPP (federation of former Islamic parties) [Hamzah HAZ, chairman]; Federation of Functional Groups or Golkar [Akbar TANJUNG, general chairman]; Indonesia Democracy Party or PDI (federation of former Nationalist and Christian Parties) [Budi HARDJONO, chairman]; Indonesia Democracy Party-Struggle or PDI-P [MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri, chairperson]; National Awakening Party or PKB [Matori Abdul DJALIL, chairman]; National Mandate Party or PAN [Amien RAIS, chairman] none
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 228,437,870 (July 2001 est.) 19,409 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line 20% (1998) NA%
Population growth rate 1.6% (2001 est.) 1.61% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Cilacap, Cirebon, Jakarta, Kupang, Makassar, Palembang, Semarang, Surabaya Koror
Radio broadcast stations AM 678, FM 43, shortwave 82 (1998) AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2002)
Radios 31.5 million (1997) 12,000 (1997)
Railways total:
6,458 km

narrow gauge:
5,961 km 1.067-m gauge (101 km electrified; 101 km double track); 497 km 0.750-m gauge (1995)
0 km
Religions Muslim 88%, Protestant 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Buddhist 1%, other 1% (1998) Christian (Roman Catholics 49%, Seventh-Day Adventists, Jehovah's Witnesses, the Assembly of God, the Liebenzell Mission, and Latter-Day Saints), Modekngei religion (one-third of the population observes this religion which is indigenous to Palau)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.78 male(s)/female

total population:
1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.19 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female


total population: 1.14 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
domestic service fair, international service good

domestic:
interisland microwave system and HF radio police net; domestic satellite communications system

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean)
general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 5,588,310 (1998) 6,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1.07 million (1998) 1,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 41 (1999) 1 (1997)
Terrain mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains varying geologically from the high, mountainous main island of Babelthuap to low, coral islands usually fringed by large barrier reefs
Total fertility rate 2.58 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.47 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 15%-20% (1998 est.) 2.3% (2000 est.)
Waterways 21,579 km total

note:
Sumatra 5,471 km, Java and Madura 820 km, Kalimantan 10,460 km, Sulawesi (Celebes) 241 km, Irian Jaya 4,587 km
none
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