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Compare Dhekelia (2004) - Madagascar (2004)

Compare Dhekelia (2004) z Madagascar (2004)

 Dhekelia (2004)Madagascar (2004)
 DhekeliaMadagascar
Administrative divisions - 6 provinces (faritany); Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara
Age structure - 0-14 years: 44.9% (male 3,935,523; female 3,922,077)


15-64 years: 52% (male 4,509,877; female 4,596,662)


65 years and over: 3.1% (male 245,168; female 292,564) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - coffee, vanilla, sugarcane, cloves, cocoa, rice, cassava (tapioca), beans, bananas, peanuts; livestock products
Airports - 116 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 29


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 20


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 87


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 42


under 914 m: 43 (2004 est.)
Area total: 130.8 sq km


note: area surrounds three Cypriot enclaves
total: 587,040 sq km


land: 581,540 sq km


water: 5,500 sq km
Area - comparative about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC slightly less than twice the size of Arizona
Background By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovreignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers in total: Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The larger of these of these is the Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Eastern Sovereign Base Area. Formerly an independent kingdom, Madagascar became a French colony in 1896, but regained its independence in 1960. During 1992-93, free presidential and National Assembly elections were held, ending 17 years of single-party rule. In 1997, in the second presidential race, Didier RATSIRAKA, the leader during the 1970s and 1980s, was returned to the presidency. The 2001 presidential election was contested between the followers of Didier RATSIRAKA and Marc RAVALOMANANA, nearly causing secession of half of the country. In April 2002, the High Constitutional Court announced RAVALOMANANA the winner.
Birth rate - 41.91 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $739.6 million


expenditures: $1.071 billion, including capital expenditures of $331 million (2003)
Capital Episkopi; located in Akrotiri Antananarivo
Climate temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters tropical along coast, temperate inland, arid in south
Coastline - 4,828 km
Constitution - 19 August 1992 by national referendum
Country name conventional long form: Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area


conventional short form: Dhekelia
conventional long form: Republic of Madagascar


conventional short form: Madagascar


local long form: Republique de Madagascar


local short form: Madagascar


former: Malagasy Republic
Currency - Malagasy franc (MGF)
Death rate - 11.62 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - $4.6 billion (2002)
Dependency status overseas territory of UK; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Wanda L. NESBITT


embassy: 14-16 Rue Rainitovo, Antsahavola, Antananarivo 101


mailing address: B. P. 620, Antsahavola, Antananarivo


telephone: [261] (20) 22-212-57, 22-212-73, 22-209-56


FAX: [261] (20) 22-345-39
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Rajaonarivony NARISOA


chancery: 2374 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 265-5525, 5526


FAX: [1] (202) 483-7603


consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international - claims Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, and Juan de Nova Island (all administered by France)
Economic aid - recipient - $354 million (2001)
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Dhekelia. All food and manufactured goods must be imported. Having discarded past socialist economic policies, Madagascar has since the mid 1990s followed a World Bank and IMF led policy of privatization and liberalization. This strategy has placed the country on a slow and steady growth path from an extremely low level. Agriculture, including fishing and forestry, is a mainstay of the economy, accounting for more than one-fourth of GDP and employing four-fifths of the population. Exports of apparel have boomed in recent years primarily due to duty-free access to the United States. Deforestation and erosion, aggravated by the use of firewood as the primary source of fuel are serious concerns. President RAVALOMANANA has worked aggressively to revive the economy following the 2002 political crisis, which triggered a 12% drop in GDP that year. Poverty reduction and combating corruption will be the centerpieces of economic policy for the next few years.
Electricity - consumption - 772.1 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 830.2 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes - lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Maromokotro 2,876 m
Environment - current issues netting and trapping of small migrant songbirds in the spring and autumn soil erosion results from deforestation and overgrazing; desertification; surface water contaminated with raw sewage and other organic wastes; several species of flora and fauna unique to the island are endangered
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Malayo-Indonesian (Merina and related Betsileo), Cotiers (mixed African, Malayo-Indonesian, and Arab ancestry - Betsimisaraka, Tsimihety, Antaisaka, Sakalava), French, Indian, Creole, Comoran
Exchange rates - Malagasy francs per US dollar - 6,210 (2003), 6,831.96 (2002), 6,588.49 (2001), 6,767.48 (2000), 6,283.77 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen Elizabeth II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Administrator Maj. Gen. Peter Tomas Clayton PEARSON (since 9 May 2003) note - reports to the British Ministry of Defence


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch
chief of state: President Marc RAVALOMANANA (since 6 May 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Jacques SYLLA (27 May 2002)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 16 December 2001 (next to be held NA November 2006); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: percent of vote - Didier RATSIRAKA (AREMA) 37.7%, Marc RAVALOMANANA (TIM) 50.5%
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - coffee, vanilla, shellfish, sugar; cotton cloth, chromite, petroleum products
Exports - partners - France 37.4%, US 29.2%, Germany 5.5%, Mauritius 5.2% (2003)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of the UK is used two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a vertical white band of the same width on hoist side
GDP - purchasing power parity - $13.02 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 34.5%


industry: 7.8%


services: 57.7% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $800 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 6% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates 34 59 N, 33 45 E 20 00 S, 47 00 E
Geography - note British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus world's fourth-largest island; strategic location along Mozambique Channel
Highways - total: 49,827 km


paved: 5,780 km


unpaved: 44,047 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: 3%


highest 10%: 29% (1999)
Illicit drugs - illicit producer of cannabis (cultivated and wild varieties) used mostly for domestic consumption; transshipment point for heroin
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - capital goods, petroleum, consumer goods, food
Imports - partners - China 14.2%, France 13.2%, South Africa 6.4%, Iran 6.2% (2003)
Independence - 26 June 1960 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate - 3% (2000 est.)
Industries - meat processing, soap, breweries, tanneries, sugar, textiles, glassware, cement, automobile assembly plant, paper, petroleum, tourism
Infant mortality rate - total: 78.52 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 86.84 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 69.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 8% (2003 est.)
International organization participation - ABEDA, ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land - 10,900 sq km (2000 est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; High Constitutional Court or Haute Cour Constitutionnelle
Labor force - 7.3 million (2000)
Land boundaries - 0 km
Land use - arable land: 5.07%


permanent crops: 1.03%


other: 93.91% (2001)
Languages - French (official), Malagasy (official)
Legal system the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply based on French civil law system and traditional Malagasy law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - bicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (160 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms); Senate (100 seats; two-thirds of the seats filled by regional assemblies whose members will be elected by popular vote; the remaining one-third of the seats appointed by the president; all members will serve four-year terms)


elections: National Assembly - last held 15 December 2002 (next to be held NA 2006)


election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - TIM 103, FP 22, AREMA 3, LEADER/Fanilo 2, RPSD 5, others 3, independents 22
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 56.54 years


male: 54.19 years


female: 58.96 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 68.9%


male: 75.5%


female: 62.5% (2003 est.)
Location on the southeast coast of Cyprus near Famagusta Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Mozambique
Map references Middle East Africa
Maritime claims - territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or 100 nm from the 2,500-m deep isobath
Merchant marine - total: 11 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 14,865 GRT/17,936 DWT


by type: cargo 8, chemical tanker 1, roll on/roll off 2


registered in other countries: 2 (2004 est.)
Military - note includes Dheklia Garrison and Ayios Nikolaos Station connected by a roadway -
Military branches - People's Armed Forces: comprising Intervention Force, Development Force, and Aeronaval - Navy and Air - Force; National Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $69.8 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.2% (2003)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 4,004,242 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 2,373,342 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 169,186 (2004 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 26 June (1960)
Nationality - noun: Malagasy (singular and plural)


adjective: Malagasy
Natural hazards - periodic cyclones, drought, and locust infestation
Natural resources - graphite, chromite, coal, bauxite, salt, quartz, tar sands, semiprecious stones, mica, fish, hydropower
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Association for the Rebirth of Madagascar or AREMA [Pierrot RAJAONARIVO]; Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action for National Recovery or LEADER/Fanilo [Herizo RAZAFIMAHALEO]; Fihaonana Party or FP [Guy-Willy RAZANAMASY]; I Love Madagascar or TIM [Marc RAVALOMANANA]; Renewal of the Social Democratic Party or RPSD [Evariste MARSON]
Political pressure groups and leaders - Committee for the Defense of Truth and Justice or KMMR; Committee for National Reconciliation or CRN [Albert Zafy]; National Council of Christian Churches or FFKM
Population no indigenous personnel


note: approximately 2,200 military personnel are on the base; there are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military personnel or civilian staff on both the bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia; Cyprus citizens work on the base, but do not live there
17,501,871 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - 71% (1999 est.)
Population growth rate - 3.03% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors - Antsiranana, Antsohimbondrona, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara
Radio broadcast stations - AM 2 (plus a number of repeater stations), FM 9, shortwave 6 (2001)
Railways - total: 732 km


narrow gauge: 732 km 1.000-m gauge (2003)
Religions - indigenous beliefs 52%, Christian 41%, Muslim 7%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: system is above average for the region


domestic: open-wire lines, coaxial cables, microwave radio relay, and tropospheric scatter links connect regions


international: country code - 261; submarine cable to Bahrain; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
Telephones - main lines in use - 59,600 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 279,500 (2003)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (plus 36 repeaters) (2001)
Terrain - narrow coastal plain, high plateau and mountains in center
Total fertility rate - 5.7 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - 5.9% (1998)
Waterways - 600 km (2004)
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