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Compare Comoros (2002) - Monaco (2001)

Compare Comoros (2002) z Monaco (2001)

 Comoros (2002)Monaco (2001)
 ComorosMonaco
Administrative divisions 3 islands; Grande Comore (Njazidja), Anjouan (Nzwani), and Moheli (Mwali); note - there are also four municipalities named Domoni, Fomboni, Moroni, and Moutsamoudou none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
Age structure 0-14 years: 42.9% (male 132,013; female 131,282)


15-64 years: 54.2% (male 164,245; female 168,793)


65 years and over: 2.9% (male 8,588; female 9,461) (2002 est.)
0-14 years:
15.32% (male 2,503; female 2,375)

15-64 years:
62.23% (male 9,731; female 10,083)

65 years and over:
22.45% (male 2,921; female 4,229) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products vanilla, cloves, perfume essences, copra, coconuts, bananas, cassava (tapioca) none
Airports 4 (2001) linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2002)
-
Area total: 2,170 sq km


land: 2,170 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total:
1.95 sq km

land:
1.95 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than 12 times the size of Washington, DC about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background Unstable Comoros has endured 19 coups or attempted coups since gaining independence from France in 1975. In 1997, the islands of Anjouan and Moheli declared their independence from Comoros. In 1999, military chief Col. AZALI seized power. He has pledged to resolve the secessionist crisis through a confederal arrangement named the 2000 Fomboni Accord. In December 2001, voters approved a new constitution and presidential elections took place in the spring of 2002. Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.
Birth rate 39.01 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 9.74 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $27.6 million


expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
revenues:
$518 million

expenditures:
$531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995)
Capital Moroni Monaco
Climate tropical marine; rainy season (November to May) Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Coastline 340 km 4.1 km
Constitution 23 December 2001


note: a Transitional National Unity Government (GUNT) was formed on 20 January 2002 following the passing of the new constitution; the GUNT governed until the presidential elections on 14 April 2002
17 December 1962
Country name conventional long form: Union of the Comoros


conventional short form: Comoros


local long form: Union des Comores


local short form: Comores
conventional long form:
Principality of Monaco

conventional short form:
Monaco

local long form:
Principaute de Monaco

local short form:
Monaco
Currency Comoran franc (KMF) French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Death rate 9.1 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $225 million $NA
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Comoros; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to Comoros the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador-designate Ahmed DJABIR (ambassador to the US and Canada and permanent representative to the UN)


chancery: (temporary) care of the Permanent Mission of the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros to the United Nations, 420 East 50th Street, New York, NY 10022


telephone: [1] (212) 972-8010 and 223-2711


FAX: [1] (212) 983-4712 and 715-0699
Monaco does not have an embassy in the US

consulate(s) general:
New York
Disputes - international claims French-administered Mayotte; the island of Anjouan (Nzwani) has moved to secede from Comoros again after recent military coup none
Economic aid - recipient $10 million (2001 est.) $NA
Economy - overview One of the world's poorest countries, Comoros is made up of three islands that have inadequate transportation links, a young and rapidly increasing population, and few natural resources. The low educational level of the labor force contributes to a subsistence level of economic activity, high unemployment, and a heavy dependence on foreign grants and technical assistance. Agriculture, including fishing, hunting, and forestry, contributes 40% to GDP, employs 80% of the labor force, and provides most of the exports. The country is not self-sufficient in food production; rice, the main staple, accounts for the bulk of imports. The government is struggling to upgrade education and technical training, to privatize commercial and industrial enterprises, to improve health services, to diversify exports, to promote tourism, and to reduce the high population growth rate. Increased foreign support is essential if the goal of 4% annual GDP growth is to be met. Remittances from 150,000 Comorans abroad help supplement GDP. Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough.
Electricity - consumption 17.67 million kWh (2000) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) NA kWh

note:
electricity supplied by France (1999)
Electricity - production 19 million kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 89%


hydro: 11%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Le Kartala 2,360 m
lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mont Agel 140 m
Environment - current issues soil degradation and erosion results from crop cultivation on slopes without proper terracing; deforestation NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Antalote, Cafre, Makoa, Oimatsaha, Sakalava French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
Exchange rates Comoran francs per US dollar - 557.09 (January 2002), 549.78 (2001), 533.98 (2000), 461.77 (1999), 442.46 (1998), 437.75 (1997)


note: prior to January 1999, the official rate was pegged to the French franc at 75 Comoran francs per French franc; since 1 January 1999, the Comoran franc is pegged to the euro at a rate of 491.9677 Comoran francs per euro
euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President AZALI Assoumani (since 26 May 2002); note - AZALI Assoumani became president on 6 May 1999 after a bloodless coup on 30 April 1999; on 16 January 2002, President AZALI resigned his position to run in the 14 April 2002 presidential elections; during that time, Prime Minister Hamada Madi BOLERO served as interim president; AZALI Assoumani sworn in as president on 26 May 2002


head of government: Prime Minister Hamada Madi BOLERO (since NA November 2000); note - on 16 January 2002, President AZALI resigned his position to run in the 14 April 2002 presidential elections; Prime Minister Hamada Madi BOLERO was appointed interim president and Djaffar SALIM interim deputy prime minister


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 14 April 2002 (next to be held NA April 2007); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: President AZALI Assoumani elected president with 75% of the vote
chief of state:
Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958)

head of government:
Minister of State Patrick LECLERQUE (since 5 January 2000)

cabinet:
Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government
Exports $35.3 million f.o.b. (2001 est.) $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Exports - commodities vanilla, ylang-ylang, cloves, perfume oil, copra -
Exports - partners France 46%, US 18%, Singapore 18%, Germany 9% (1999) -
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description four equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), white, red, and blue with a green isosceles triangle based on the hoist; centered within the triangle is a white crescent with the convex side facing the hoist and four white, five-pointed stars placed vertically in a line between the points of the crescent; the horizontal bands and the four stars represent the four main islands of the archipelago - Mwali, Njazidja, Nzwani, and Mayotte (a territorial collectivity of France, but claimed by Comoros); the crescent, stars, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red
GDP purchasing power parity - $424 million (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 40%


industry: 4%


services: 56% (2001 est.)
agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $710 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 1% (2001 est.) NA%
Geographic coordinates 12 10 S, 44 15 E 43 44 N, 7 24 E
Geography - note important location at northern end of Mozambique Channel second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban
Heliports - 1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille)
Highways total: 880 km


paved: 673 km


unpaved: 207 km (1996)
total:
50 km

paved:
50 km

unpaved:
0 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports $44.9 million f.o.b. (2001 est.) $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Imports - commodities rice and other foodstuffs, consumer goods; petroleum products, cement, transport equipment -
Imports - partners France 34%, South Africa 14%, Kenya 7%, Pakistan 4% (1999) -
Independence 6 July 1975 (from France) 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)
Industrial production growth rate -2% (1999 est.) NA%
Industries tourism, perfume distillation tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products
Infant mortality rate 81.79 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) 5.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.5% (2001 est.) NA%
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, CCC, ECA, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS (associate), ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WTrO (applicant) ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 2 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Cour Supremes (two members appointed by the president, two members elected by the Federal Assembly, one elected by the Council of each island, and others are former presidents of the republic) Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)
Labor force 144,500 (1996 est.) 30,540 (January 1994)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 80% -
Land boundaries 0 km total:
4.4 km

border countries:
France 4.4 km
Land use arable land: 34.98%


permanent crops: 17.94%


other: 47.08% (1998 est.)
arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (urban area)
Languages Arabic (official), French (official), Shikomoro (a blend of Swahili and Arabic) French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
Legal system French and Muslim law in a new consolidated code based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch bicameral legislature consists of the Senate (15 seats - five from each island); members selected by regional councils for six-year terms) and a Federal Assembly or Assemblee Federale (42 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - the Federal Assembly was dissolved following the coup of 30 April 1999


elections: Federal Assembly - last held 1 and 8 December 1996 (next to be held NA April 2003)


election results: Federal Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RND 39, FNJ 3, independent 1


note: the constitution stipulates that only parties that win six seats in the Federal Assembly (two from each island) are permitted to be in the opposition, but if no party accomplishes that, the second most successful party will be in the opposition; in the elections of December 1996 the FNJ appeared to qualify as opposition
unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 1 and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UND 18
Life expectancy at birth total population: 60.79 years


male: 58.56 years


female: 63.09 years (2002 est.)
total population:
78.98 years

male:
75.04 years

female:
83.12 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 57.3%


male: 64.2%


female: 50.4% (1995 est.)
definition:
NA

total population:
99%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Southern Africa, group of islands in the Mozambique Channel, about two-thirds of the way between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy
Map references Africa Europe
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 139,779 GRT/205,369 DWT


ships by type: cargo 6


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Malta 1, Pakistan 1, Turkey 1 (2002 est.)
none (2000 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches Comoran Security Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $6 million (FY01) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 3% (FY01) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 145,509 (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 86,455 (2002 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 6 July (1975) National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November
Nationality noun: Comoran(s)


adjective: Comoran
noun:
Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)

adjective:
Monegasque or Monacan
Natural hazards cyclones possible during rainy season (December to April); Le Kartala on Grand Comore is an active volcano NA
Natural resources NEGL none
Net migration rate NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) 7.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders Front National pour la Justice or FNJ (Islamic party in opposition) [Ahmed Abdallah MOHAMED, Ahmed ABOUBACAR, Soidiki M'BAPANOZA]; Rassemblement National pour le Development or RND (party of the government) [Ali Bazi SELIM] National and Democratic Union or UND [leader NA]; National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA]; Rally for the Monegasque Family [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 614,382 (July 2002 est.) 31,842 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 60% (2001 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 2.99% (2002 est.) 0.46% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Fomboni, Moroni, Moutsamoudou Monaco
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001) AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)
Radios 90,000 (1997) 34,000 (1997)
Railways 0 km total:
1.7 km

standard gauge:
1.7 km 1.435-m gauge
Religions Sunni Muslim 98%, Roman Catholic 2% Roman Catholic 90%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.69 male(s)/female

total population:
0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: sparse system of microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communication stations


domestic: HF radiotelephone communications and microwave radio relay


international: HF radiotelephone communications to Madagascar and Reunion
general assessment:
modern automatic telephone system

domestic:
NA

international:
no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system
Telephones - main lines in use 7,000 (2000) 31,027 (1995)
Telephones - mobile cellular NA NA
Television broadcast stations NA 5 (1998)
Terrain volcanic islands, interiors vary from steep mountains to low hills hilly, rugged, rocky
Total fertility rate 5.26 children born/woman (2002 est.) 1.76 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 20% (1996 est.) 3.1% (1998)
Waterways none none
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