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Compare Colombia (2001) - Bermuda (2007)

Compare Colombia (2001) z Bermuda (2007)

 Colombia (2001)Bermuda (2007)
 ColombiaBermuda
Administrative divisions 32 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 capital district* (distrito capital); Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Atlantico, Bolivar, Boyaca, Caldas, Caqueta, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar, Choco, Cordoba, Cundinamarca, Guainia, Guaviare, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Narino, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindio, Risaralda, San Andres y Providencia, Distrito Capital de Santa Fe de Bogota*, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle del Cauca, Vaupes, Vichada 9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick
Age structure 0-14 years:
31.88% (male 6,507,282; female 6,354,454)

15-64 years:
63.37% (male 12,452,182; female 13,117,707)

65 years and over:
4.75% (male 859,967; female 1,057,796) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 18.3% (male 6,094/female 6,014)


15-64 years: 69.2% (male 22,696/female 23,094)


65 years and over: 12.5% (male 3,597/female 4,668) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, cut flowers, bananas, rice, tobacco, corn, sugarcane, cocoa beans, oilseed, vegetables; forest products; shrimp bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products, honey
Airports 1,091 (2000 est.) 1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
92

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
38

914 to 1,523 m:
36

under 914 m:
8 (2000 est.)
total: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
999

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
64

914 to 1,523 m:
321

under 914 m:
613 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
1,138,910 sq km

land:
1,038,700 sq km

water:
100,210 sq km

note:
includes Isla de Malpelo, Roncador Cay, Serrana Bank, and Serranilla Bank
total: 53.3 sq km


land: 53.3 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly less than three times the size of Montana about one-third the size of Washington, DC
Background Colombia was one of the three countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others being Ecuador and Venezuela). A 40-year insurgent campaign to overthrow the Colombian Government escalated during the 1990s, undergirded in part by funds from the drug trade. Although the violence is deadly and large swaths of the countryside are under guerrilla influence, the movement lacks the military strength or popular support necessary to overthrow the government. While Bogota continues to try to negotiate a settlement, neighboring countries worry about the violence spilling over their borders. Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Tourism continues to be important to the island's economy, although international business has overtaken it in recent years. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. Although a referendum on independence from the UK was soundly defeated in 1995, the present government has reopened debate on the issue.
Birth rate 22.41 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 11.26 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$22 billion

expenditures:
$24 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $738 million


expenditures: $665 million (FY04/05)
Capital Bogota name: Hamilton


geographic coordinates: 32 17 N, 64 47 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November
Climate tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter
Coastline 3,208 km (Caribbean Sea 1,760 km, North Pacific Ocean 1,448 km) 103 km
Constitution 5 July 1991 8 June 1968; amended 1989 and 2003
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Colombia

conventional short form:
Colombia

local long form:
Republica de Colombia

local short form:
Colombia
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Bermuda


former: Somers Islands
Currency Colombian peso (COP) -
Death rate 5.69 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7.84 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $34 billion (2000 est.) $160 million (FY99/00)
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Anne W. PATTERSON

embassy:
Calle 22D-BIS, numbers 47-51, Apartado Aereo 3831

mailing address:
Carrera 45 #22D-45, Bogota, D.C., APO AA 34038

telephone:
[57] (1) 315-0811

FAX:
[57] (1) 315-2197
chief of mission: Consul General Gregory W. SLAYTON


consulate(s) general: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire DVO3


mailing address: P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, US Department of State, 5300 Hamilton Place, Washington, DC 20520-5300


telephone: [1] (441) 295-1342


FAX: [1] (441) 295-1592, [1] (441) 296-9233
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Luis Alberto MORENO Mejia

chancery:
2118 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 387-8338

FAX:
[1] (202) 232-8643

consulate(s) general:
Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico), and Washington, DC

consulate(s):
Atlanta
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international maritime boundary dispute with Venezuela in the Gulf of Venezuela; territorial disputes with Nicaragua over Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank none
Economic aid - recipient $40.7 million (1995) $NA (2004)
Economy - overview Colombia is poised for muted growth in the next several years, marking continued recovery from the severe 1999 recession when GDP fell by about 4%. President PASTRANA's well-respected economic team is working to keep the economy on track, maintaining low interest rates, for example. In accordance with its IMF loan agreement, the administration also is taking steps to improve the public sector's fiscal health. However, many challenges to improved prosperity remain. Unemployment was stuck at a record 20% in 2000, contributing to the extreme inequality in income distribution. Two of Colombia's leading exports, oil and coffee, face an uncertain future; new exploration is needed to offset declining oil production, while coffee harvests and prices are depressed. The lack of public security is a key concern for investors, making progress in the government's peace negotiations with insurgent groups an important driver of economic performance. Colombia is looking for continued support from the international community to boost economic and peace prospects. Bermuda enjoys the highest per capita income in the world, more than 50% higher than that of the US. Its economy is primarily based on providing financial services for international business and luxury facilities for tourists. A number of reinsurance companies relocated to the island following the 11 September 2001 attacks and again after Hurricane Katrina in August 2005, contributing to the expansion of an already robust international business sector. Bermuda's tourism industry - which derives over 80% of its visitors from the US - continues to struggle but remains the island's number two industry. Most capital equipment and food must be imported. Bermuda's industrial sector is small, although construction continues to be important; the average cost of a house in June 2003 had risen to $976,000. Agriculture is limited with only 20% of the land being arable.
Electricity - consumption 40.532 billion kWh (1999) 574.8 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 27 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 35 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 43.574 billion kWh (1999) 618 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
22.27%

hydro:
76.19%

nuclear:
0%

other:
1.54% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Pico Cristobal Colon 5,775 m

note:
nearby Pico Simon Bolivar also has the same elevation
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Town Hill 76 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; soil damage from overuse of pesticides; air pollution, especially in Bogota, from vehicle emissions sustainable development
Environment - international agreements party to:
Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping
-
Ethnic groups mestizo 58%, white 20%, mulatto 14%, black 4%, mixed black-Amerindian 3%, Amerindian 1% black 54.8%, white 34.1%, mixed 6.4%, other races 4.3%, unspecified 0.4% (2000 census)
Exchange rates Colombian pesos per US dollar - 2,241.43 (January 2001), 2087.90 (2000), 1,756.23 (1999), 1,426.04 (1998), 1,140.96 (1997), 1,036.69 (1996) Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Andres PASTRANA (since 7 August 1998); Vice President Gustavo BELL Lemus (since 7 August 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Andres PASTRANA (since 7 August 1998); Vice President Gustavo BELL Lemus (since 7 August 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet Cabinet consists of a coalition of the two dominant parties - the PL and PSC - and independents

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 31 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2002); vice president elected by popular vote for a four-year term in a new procedure that replaces the traditional designation of vice presidents by newly elected presidents; election last held 31 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2002)

election results:
no candidate received more than 50% of the total vote, therefore, a run-off election to select a president from the two leading candidates was held 21 June 1998; Andres PASTRANA elected president; percent of vote - 50.3%; Gustavo BELL elected vice president; percent of vote - 50.3%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Acting Governor Mark CAPES (since 12 October 2007)


head of government: Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX


cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
Exports $14.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) 0 bbl/day (2005)
Exports - commodities petroleum, coffee, coal, apparel, bananas, cut flowers reexports of pharmaceuticals
Exports - partners US 50%, EU 14%, Andean Community of Nations 16%, Japan 2% (2000 est.) Spain 31.6%, UK 16.6%, Brazil 9.6%, Sweden 7.9% (2006)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 April - 31 March
Flag description three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double-width), blue, and red; similar to the flag of Ecuador, which is longer and bears the Ecuadorian coat of arms superimposed in the center red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP purchasing power parity - $250 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
19%

industry:
26%

services:
55% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 1%


industry: 10%


services: 89% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $6,200 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2000 est.) 4.6% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 4 00 N, 72 00 W 32 20 N, 64 45 W
Geography - note only South American country with coastlines on both North Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea consists of about 138 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995
Highways total:
110,000 km

paved:
26,000 km

unpaved:
84,000 km (2000)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
1%

highest 10%:
44% (1999)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs illicit producer of coca, opium poppies, and cannabis; world's leading coca cultivator (cultivation of coca in 1999 - 122,500 hectares, a 20.3% increase over 1998); cultivation of opium in 1999 increased to 7,500 hectares from 6,100 hectares in 1998; potential production of opium in 1999 - 75 metric tons, a 25% increase over 1998; potential production of heroin in 1999 - nearly 8 metric tons, as compared with 6 tons in 1998; the world's largest processor of coca derivatives into cocaine; supplier of about 90% of the cocaine to the US and the great majority of cocaine to other international drug markets, and an important supplier of heroin to the US market; active aerial eradication program -
Imports $12.4 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities industrial equipment, transportation equipment, consumer goods, chemicals, paper products, fuels, electricity clothing, fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals
Imports - partners US 35%, EU 16%, Andean Community of Nations 15%, Japan 5% (2000 est.) US 71.8%, Venezuela 6.9%, Canada 6.6% (2006)
Independence 20 July 1810 (from Spain) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate 11% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries textiles, food processing, oil, clothing and footwear, beverages, chemicals, cement; gold, coal, emeralds international business, tourism, light manufacturing
Infant mortality rate 23.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 8.08 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 9.58 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 6.56 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 9% (2000) 2.8% (November 2005)
International organization participation BCIE, CAN, Caricom (observer), CCC, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G- 3, G-11, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO Caricom (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ITUC, UPU, WCO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 18 (2000) -
Irrigated land 5,300 sq km (1993 est.) NA
Judicial branch four, coequal, supreme judicial organs; Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justical (highest court of criminal law; judges are selected from the nominees of the Higher Council of Justice for eight-year terms); Council of State (highest court of administrative law, judges are selected from the nominees of the Higher Council of Justice for eight-year terms); Constitutional Court (guards integrity and supremacy of the constitution, rules on constitutionality of laws, amendments to the constitution, and international treaties); Higher Council of Justice (administers and disciplines the civilian judiciary; members of the disciplinary chamber resolve jurisdictional conflicts arising between other courts; members are elected by three sister courts and Congress for eight-year terms) Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts
Labor force 18.3 million (1999 est.) 38,360 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation services 46%, agriculture 30%, industry 24% (1990) agriculture and fishing 3%, laborers 17%, clerical 19%, professional and technical 21%, administrative and managerial 15%, sales 7%, services 19% (2004 est.)
Land boundaries total:
6,004 km

border countries:
Brazil 1,643 km, Ecuador 590 km, Panama 225 km, Peru 1,496 km (est.), Venezuela 2,050 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
4%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
39%

forests and woodland:
48%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
arable land: 20%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 80% (55% developed, 45% rural/open space) (2005)
Languages Spanish English (official), Portuguese
Legal system based on Spanish law; a new criminal code modeled after US procedures was enacted in 1992-93; judicial review of executive and legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations English law
Legislative branch bicameral Congress or Congreso consists of the Senate or Senado (102 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the House of Representatives or Camara de Representantes (163 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
Senate - last held 8 March 1998 (next to be held NA March 2002); House of Representatives - last held 8 March 1998 (next to be held NA March 2002)

election results:
Senate - percent of vote by party - PL 50%, PSC 24%, smaller parties (many aligned with conservatives) 26%; seats by party - PL 58, PSC 28, smaller parties 16; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PL 52%, PSC 17%, other 31%; seats by party - PL 98, PSC 52, indigenous parties 2, others 11
bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (11 seats; members appointed by the governor, the premier, and the opposition) and the House of Assembly (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve up to five-year terms)


elections: last general election held 24 July 2003 (next to be held not later than July 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 51.7%, UBP 48%; seats by party - PLP 22, UBP 14
Life expectancy at birth total population:
70.57 years

male:
66.71 years

female:
74.55 years (2001 est.)
total population: 78.13 years


male: 76 years


female: 80.29 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
91.3%

male:
91.2%

female:
91.4% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 98%


male: 98%


female: 99% (2005 est.)
Location Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Panama and Venezuela, and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Ecuador and Panama North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of South Carolina (US)
Map references South America, Central America and the Caribbean North America
Maritime claims continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
13 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 53,322 GRT/69,444 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 5, cargo 4, container 1, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, petroleum tanker 2 (2000 est.)
total: 133 ships (1000 GRT or over) 8,366,999 GRT/8,615,385 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 24, container 22, liquefied gas 30, passenger 23, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 15, refrigerated cargo 10, roll on/roll off 4


foreign-owned: 126 (Australia 4, Belgium 3, China 10, France 1, Germany 21, Greece 3, Hong Kong 4, Ireland 1, Israel 3, Japan 1, Nigeria 11, Norway 5, Singapore 1, Sweden 15, UK 20, US 23)


registered in other countries: 50 (Bahamas 12, Croatia 2, Marshall Islands 5, Philippines 31) (2007)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches Army (Ejercito Nacional), Navy (Armada Nacional, includes Marines and Coast Guard), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Colombiana), National Police (Policia Nacional) no regular military forces; Bermuda Police Service, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary, Bermuda Regiment
Military expenditures - dollar figure $3 billion (FY00) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 3.4% (FY00) 0.11% (2005 est.)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
10,779,148 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
7,205,211 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
379,295 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 20 July (1810) Bermuda Day, 24 May
Nationality noun:
Colombian(s)

adjective:
Colombian
noun: Bermudian(s)


adjective: Bermudian
Natural hazards highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic droughts hurricanes (June to November)
Natural resources petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds, hydropower limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism
Net migration rate -0.33 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 2.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 3,585 km; petroleum products 1,350 km; natural gas 830 km; natural gas liquids 125 km -
Political parties and leaders Conservative Party or PSC [Ciro RAMIREZ Anzon]; Liberal Party or PL [Luis Guillermo VELEZ]; Patriotic Union or UP is a legal political party formed by Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia or FARC and Colombian Communist Party or PCC [Jaime CAICEDO]; 19 of April Movement or M-19 [Antonio NAVARRO Wolff] Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Ewart BROWN]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Wayne FURBERT]
Political pressure groups and leaders two largest insurgent groups active in Colombia - National Liberation Army or ELN and Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia or FARC; largest paramilitary group is United Self-Defense Groups of Colombia or AUC Bermuda Employer's Union [Eddie SAINTS]; Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Union or BPSU [Ed BALL]; Bermuda Union of Teachers [Michael CHARLES]
Population 40,349,388 (July 2001 est.) 66,163 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line 55% (1999) 19% (2000)
Population growth rate 1.64% (2001 est.) 0.576% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Bahia de Portete, Barranquilla, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Leticia, Puerto Bolivar, San Andres, Santa Marta, Tumaco, Turbo -
Radio broadcast stations AM 454, FM 34, shortwave 27 (1999) AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)
Radios 21 million (1997) -
Railways total:
3,304 km

standard gauge:
150 km 1.435-m gauge (connects Cerrejon coal mines to maritime port at Bahia de Portete)

narrow gauge:
3,154 km 0.914-m gauge (major sections not in use) (2000)
-
Religions Roman Catholic 90% Anglican 23%, Roman Catholic 15%, African Methodist Episcopal 11%, other Protestant 18%, other 12%, unaffiliated 6%, unspecified 1%, none 14% (2000 census)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.81 male(s)/female

total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.013 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.983 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.771 male(s)/female


total population: 0.959 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
modern system in many respects

domestic:
nationwide microwave radio relay system; domestic satellite system with 41 earth stations; fiber-optic network linking 50 cities

international:
satellite earth stations - 6 Intelsat, 1 Inmarsat; 3 fully digitalized international switching centers; 8 submarine cables
general assessment: good


domestic: fully automatic digital telephone system; fiber-optic trunk lines


international: country code - 1-441; landing point for the Atlantica-1 telecommunications submarine cable that extends from the US to Brazil; satellite earth stations - 3 (2007)
Telephones - main lines in use 5,433,565 (December 1997) 57,700 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,800,229 (December 1998) 60,100 (2006)
Television broadcast stations 60 (includes seven low-power stations) (1997) 3 (2005)
Terrain flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains low hills separated by fertile depressions
Total fertility rate 2.66 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.88 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 20% (2000 est.) 2.1% (2004 est.)
Waterways 18,140 km (navigable by river boats) (April 1996) -
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