Compare Cameroon (2004) - Jamaica (2003)

Compare Cameroon (2004) z Jamaica (2003)

	Cameroon (2004)	Jamaica (2003)

Administrative divisions	10 provinces; Adamaoua, Centre, Est, Extreme-Nord, Littoral, Nord, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud, Sud-Ouest	14 parishes; Clarendon, Hanover, Kingston, Manchester, Portland, Saint Andrew, Saint Ann, Saint Catherine, Saint Elizabeth, Saint James, Saint Mary, Saint Thomas, Trelawny, Westmoreland
Age structure	0-14 years: 42% (male 3,416,086; female 3,334,904) 15-64 years: 54.8% (male 4,425,246; female 4,370,329) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 233,506; female 283,607) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 28.6% (male 395,074; female 376,870) 15-64 years: 64.5% (male 870,486; female 869,431) 65 years and over: 6.8% (male 82,022; female 101,984) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	coffee, cocoa, cotton, rubber, bananas, oilseed, grains, root starches; livestock; timber	sugarcane, bananas, coffee, citrus, potatoes, vegetables; poultry, goats, milk
Airports	47 (2003 est.)	35 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 11 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 11 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 5 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 36 1,524 to 2,437 m: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 20 under 914 m: 9 (2004 est.)	total: 24 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 22 (2002)
Area	total: 475,440 sq km land: 469,440 sq km water: 6,000 sq km	total: 10,991 sq km land: 10,831 sq km water: 160 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than California	slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background	The former French Cameroon and part of British Cameroon merged in 1961 to form the present country. Cameroon has generally enjoyed stability, which has permitted the development of agriculture, roads, and railways, as well as a petroleum industry. Despite movement toward democratic reform, political power remains firmly in the hands of an ethnic oligarchy.	Jamaica gained full independence within the British Commonwealth in 1962. Deteriorating economic conditions during the 1970s led to recurrent violence and a dropoff in tourism. Elections in 1980 saw the democratic socialists voted out of office. Subsequent governments have been open market oriented. Political violence marred elections during the 1990s.
Birth rate	35.08 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	17.35 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $2.442 billion expenditures: $1.941 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)	revenues: $2.23 billion expenditures: $2.56 billion, including capital expenditures of $232.5 million (FY 99/00 est.)
Capital	Yaounde	Kingston
Climate	varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north	tropical; hot, humid; temperate interior
Coastline	402 km	1,022 km
Constitution	20 May 1972 approved by referendum; 2 June 1972 formally adopted; revised January 1996	6 August 1962
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Cameroon conventional short form: Cameroon former: French Cameroon	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Jamaica
Currency	Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States	Jamaican dollar (JMD)
Death rate	15.34 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	5.42 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$7.236 billion (2003 est.)	$5.3 billion (2002 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador George McDade STAPLES embassy: Rue Nachtigal, Yaounde mailing address: P. O. Box 817, Yaounde; pouch: American Embassy, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2520 telephone: [237] 223-05-12, 222-25-89, 222-17-94, 223-40-14 FAX: [237] 223-07-53 branch office(s): Douala	chief of mission: Ambassador Sue McCourt COBB embassy: Jamaica Mutual Life Center, 2 Oxford Road, 3rd floor, Kingston 5 mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [1] (876) 929-4850 through 4859 FAX: [1] (876) 935-6001
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jerome MENDOUGA chancery: 2349 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 265-8790 FAX: [1] (202) 387-3826	chief of mission: Ambassador Seymour MULLINGS chancery: 1520 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 452-0660 FAX: [1] (202) 452-0081 consulate(s) general: Miami and New York
Disputes - international	ICJ ruled in 2002 on the entire Cameroon-Nigeria land and maritime boundary but the parties formed a Joint Border Commission to resolve differences bilaterally and have commenced with demarcation in less-contested sections of the boundary, starting in Lake Chad in the north; the ICF ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, however, implementation of the decision is delayed due to imprecisely defined coordinates, the unresolved Bakasi allocation, and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River; Nigeria initially rejected cession of the Bakasi Peninsula; Lake Chad Commission continues to urge signatories Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria to ratify delimitation treaty over the lake region, which remains the site of armed clashes among local populations and militias	none
Economic aid - recipient	on 23 January 2001, the Paris Club agreed to reduce Cameroon's debt of $1.3 billion by $900 million; debt relief now totals $1.26 billion	NA
Economy - overview	Because of its oil resources and favorable agricultural conditions, Cameroon has one of the best-endowed primary commodity economies in sub-Saharan Africa. Still, it faces many of the serious problems facing other underdeveloped countries, such as a top-heavy civil service and a generally unfavorable climate for business enterprise. Since 1990, the government has embarked on various IMF and World Bank programs designed to spur business investment, increase efficiency in agriculture, improve trade, and recapitalize the nation's banks. In June 2000, the government completed an IMF-sponsored, three-year structural adjustment program; however, the IMF is pressing for more reforms, including increased budget transparency, privatization, and poverty reduction programs. International oil and cocoa prices have considerable impact on the economy.	The economy, which depends heavily on tourism and bauxite, has been stagnant since 1995. After five years of recession, the economy inched ahead, by 0.8% in 2000, 1.7% in 2001, and 0.8% in 2002; the global economic slowdown, particularly in the United States after the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks, has stunted the economic recovery. Serious problems include: high interest rates; increased foreign competition; a pressured, sometimes sliding, exchange rate; a widening merchandise trade deficit; and a growing internal debt, the result of government bailouts to various ailing sectors of the economy, particularly the financial sector. Depressed economic conditions have led to increased civil unrest, including serious violent crime. Jamaica's medium-term prospects will depend upon encouraging investment and tourism, maintaining a competitive exchange rate, selling off reacquired firms, and implementing proper fiscal and monetary policies.
Electricity - consumption	3.36 billion kWh (2001)	5.833 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	3.613 billion kWh (2001)	6.272 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 96.8% hydro: 1.8% nuclear: 0% other: 1.5% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Fako (on Mount Cameroon) 4,095 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Mountain Peak 2,256 m
Environment - current issues	water-borne diseases are prevalent; deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; poaching; overfishing	heavy rates of deforestation; coastal waters polluted by industrial waste, sewage, and oil spills; damage to coral reefs; air pollution in Kingston results from vehicle emissions
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94 signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Cameroon Highlanders 31%, Equatorial Bantu 19%, Kirdi 11%, Fulani 10%, Northwestern Bantu 8%, Eastern Nigritic 7%, other African 13%, non-African less than 1%	black 90.9%, East Indian 1.3%, white 0.2%, Chinese 0.2%, mixed 7.3%, other 0.1%
Exchange rates	Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 581.2 (2003), 696.988 (2002), 733.039 (2001), 711.976 (2000), 615.699 (1999)	Jamaican dollars per US dollar - 48.42 (2002), 46 (2001), 42.7 (2000), 39.04 (1999), 36.55 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Paul BIYA (since 6 November 1982) head of government: Prime Minister Ephraim INONI (since 8 Dec 2004) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from proposals submitted by the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 11 October 2004 (next to be held NA October 2011); prime minister appointed by the president election results: President Paul BIYA reelected; percent of vote - Paul BIYA 70.9%, John FRU NDI 17.4%, Adamou Ndam NJOYA 4.5%, Garga Haman ADJI 3.7%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Howard Felix COOKE (since 1 August 1991) head of government: Prime Minister Percival James PATTERSON (since 30 March 1992) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition in the House of Representatives is appointed prime minister by the governor general; the deputy prime minister is recommended by the prime minister
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	crude oil and petroleum products, lumber, cocoa beans, aluminum, coffee, cotton	alumina, bauxite; sugar, bananas, rum
Exports - partners	Spain 21.9%, Italy 13.4%, France 10.8%, Netherlands 10.6%, US 7.5%, China 4.4% (2003)	US 28.1%, Canada 12.2%, Norway 10.7%, UK 10.5%, Germany 7%, Netherlands 5.6% (2002)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), red, and yellow with a yellow five-pointed star centered in the red band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia	diagonal yellow cross divides the flag into four triangles - green (top and bottom) and black (hoist side and outer side)
GDP	purchasing power parity - $27.75 billion (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $10.08 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 42.6% industry: 19.8% services: 37.6% (2003 est.)	agriculture: 6% industry: 31% services: 63% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,800 (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $3,800 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	4.2% (2003 est.)	1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	6 00 N, 12 00 E	18 15 N, 77 30 W
Geography - note	sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa; throughout the country there are areas of thermal springs and indications of current or prior volcanic activity; Mount Cameroon, the highest mountain in Sub-Saharan west Africa, is an active volcano	strategic location between Cayman Trench and Jamaica Channel, the main sea lanes for the Panama Canal
Highways	total: 34,300 km paved: 4,288 km unpaved: 30,012 km (1999 est.)	total: 18,700 km paved: 13,109 km unpaved: 5,591 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 1.9% highest 10%: 36.6% (1996)	lowest 10%: 2.7% highest 10%: 30.3% (2000)
Illicit drugs	-	major transshipment point for cocaine from South America to North America and Europe; illicit cultivation of cannabis; government has an active manual cannabis eradication program; corruption is a major concern; substantial money-laundering activity; Colombian narcotics traffickers favor Jamaica for illicit financial transactions
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	machinery, electrical equipment, transport equipment, fuel, food	machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, fuel, food, chemicals, fertilizers
Imports - partners	France 21.9%, Nigeria 9.5%, Japan 6.8%, US 5.7%, China 4.9%, Germany 4.3% (2003)	US 45%, Trinidad and Tobago 11%, Japan 4.7% (2002)
Independence	1 January 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)	6 August 1962 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	4.2% (1999 est.)	-2% (2000 est.)
Industries	petroleum production and refining, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber	tourism, bauxite, textiles, food processing, light manufactures, rum, cement, metal, paper, chemical products
Infant mortality rate	total: 69.18 deaths/1,000 live births male: 73.16 deaths/1,000 live births female: 65.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: 13.26 deaths/1,000 live births male: 14.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.3% (2003 est.)	7% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	ABEDA, ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, C, CEMAC, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	21 (2000)
Irrigated land	330 sq km (1998 est.)	250 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); High Court of Justice (consists of 9 judges and 6 substitute judges, elected by the National Assembly)	Supreme Court (judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister); Court of Appeal
Labor force	6.49 million NA (2003)	1.13 million (1998)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 70%, industry and commerce 13%, other 17%	services 60%, agriculture 21%, industry 19% (1998)
Land boundaries	total: 4,591 km border countries: Central African Republic 797 km, Chad 1,094 km, Republic of the Congo 523 km, Equatorial Guinea 189 km, Gabon 298 km, Nigeria 1,690 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 12.81% permanent crops: 2.58% other: 84.61% (2001)	arable land: 16.07% permanent crops: 9.23% other: 74.7% (1998 est.)
Languages	24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official)	English, patois English
Legal system	based on French civil law system, with common law influence; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (180 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms; note - the president can either lengthen or shorten the term of the legislature) elections: last held 23 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RDCP 133, SDF 21, UDC 5, other 21 note: the constitution calls for an upper chamber for the legislature, to be called a Senate, but it has yet to be established	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (a 21-member body appointed by the governor general on the recommendations of the prime minister and the leader of the opposition; ruling party is allocated 13 seats, and the opposition is allocated eight seats) and the House of Representatives (60 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 16 October 2002 (next to be held NA October 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - PNP 52%, JLP 47.3%; seats by party - PNP 34, JLP 26
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 47.95 years male: 47.1 years female: 48.83 years (2004 est.)	total population: 75.85 years male: 73.84 years female: 77.97 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79% male: 84.7% female: 73.4% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 87.9% male: 84.1% female: 91.6% (2003 est.)
Location	Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria	Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, south of Cuba
Map references	Africa	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 50 nm	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines contiguous zone: 24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 169,593 GRT/357,023 DWT by type: petroleum tanker 1 (2004 est.)	total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 50,536 GRT/62,868 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 2, short-sea passenger 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Latvia 2, US 2 (2002 est.)
Military branches	Army, Navy (includes Naval Infantry), Air Force	Jamaica Defense Force (including Ground Forces, Coast Guard, and Air Wing), Jamaica Constabulary Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$189.2 million (2003)	$30 million (FY95/96 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.4% (2003)	NA%
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 3,898,944 (2004 est.)	males age 15-49: 755,698 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 1,979,151 (2004 est.)	males age 15-49: 528,689 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age	-	18 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 184,054 (2004 est.)	males: 27,398 (2003 est.)
National holiday	Republic Day (National Day), 20 May (1972)	Independence Day, first Monday in August (1962)
Nationality	noun: Cameroonian(s) adjective: Cameroonian	noun: Jamaican(s) adjective: Jamaican
Natural hazards	volcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes	hurricanes (especially July to November)
Natural resources	petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber, hydropower	bauxite, gypsum, limestone
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-5.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines	gas 90 km; liquid petroleum gas 9 km; oil 1,120 km (2004)	petroleum products 10 km
Political parties and leaders	Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC [Adamou NDAM NJOYA]; Democratic Rally of the Cameroon People or RDCP [Paul BIYA]; Movement for the Defense of the Republic or MDR [Dakole DAISSALA]; Movement for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC [leader Marcel YONDO]; Movement for the Youth of Cameroon or MYC [Dieudonne TINA]; National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Maigari BELLO BOUBA]; Social Democratic Front or SDF [John FRU NDI]; Union of Cameroonian Populations or UPC [Augustin Frederic KODOCK]	Jamaica Labor Party or JLP [Edward SEAGA]; National Democratic Movement or NDM [Bruce GOLDING]; People's National Party or PNP [Percival James PATTERSON]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Southern Cameroon National Council [Ayamba Ette OTUN]; Human Rights Defense Group [Albert MUKONG, president]	New Beginnings Movement or NBM; Rastafarians (black religious/racial cultists, pan-Africanists)
Population	16,063,678 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.)	2,695,867 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	48% (2000 est.)	34.2% (1992 est.)
Population growth rate	1.97% (2004 est.)	0.61% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Bonaberi, Douala, Garoua, Kribi, Tiko	Alligator Pond, Discovery Bay, Kingston, Montego Bay, Ocho Rios, Port Antonio, Rocky Point, Port Esquivel (Longswharf)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 3 (2002)	AM 10, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	total: 1,008 km narrow gauge: 1,008 km 1.000-m gauge (2003)	total: 272 km standard gauge: 272 km 1.435-m gauge; note - 207 km, belonging to the Jamaica Railway Corporation, were in common carrier service but are no longer operational; the remaining track is privately owned and used to transport bauxite (2002)
Religions	indigenous beliefs 40%, Christian 40%, Muslim 20%	Protestant 61.3% (Church of God 21.2%, Baptist 8.8%, Anglican 5.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 9%, Pentecostal 7.6%, Methodist 2.7%, United Church 2.7%, Brethren 1.1%, Jehovah's Witness 1.6%, Moravian 1.1%), Roman Catholic 4%, other, including some spiritual cults 34.7%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	20 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: available only to business and government domestic: cable, microwave radio relay, and tropospheric scatter international: country code - 237; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia	general assessment: fully automatic domestic telephone network domestic: NA international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); 3 coaxial submarine cables
Telephones - main lines in use	110,900 (2002)	353,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular	1.077 million (2003)	54,640 (1996)
Television broadcast stations	1 (2002)	7 (1997)
Terrain	diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north	mostly mountains, with narrow, discontinuous coastal plain
Total fertility rate	4.55 children born/woman (2004 est.)	2.01 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	30% (2001 est.)	15.4% (2002 est.)
Waterways	navigation mainly on Benue River; limited during rainy season (2004)	none

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