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Compare Bhutan (2004) - Guernsey (2005)
Compare Bhutan (2004) z Guernsey (2005)
| Bhutan (2004) | Guernsey (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 18 districts (dzongkhag, singular and plural); Bumthang, Chhukha, Chirang, Dagana, Geylegphug, Ha, Lhuntshi, Mongar, Paro, Pemagatsel, Punakha, Samchi, Samdrup Jongkhar, Shemgang, Tashigang, Thimphu, Tongsa, Wangdi Phodrang
note: there may be two new districts named Gasa and Yangtse |
none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 10 parishes including Saint Peter Port, Saint Sampson, Vale, Castel, Saint Saviour, Saint Pierre du Bois, Torteval, Forest, Saint Martin, Saint Andrew |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 39.3% (male 445,548; female 414,338)
15-64 years: 56.6% (male 637,637; female 600,253) 65 years and over: 4% (male 44,298; female 43,495) (2004 est.) |
0-14 years: 15.4% (male 5,084/female 4,937)
15-64 years: 66.9% (male 21,611/female 22,002) 65 years and over: 17.8% (male 4,882/female 6,712) (2005 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | rice, corn, root crops, citrus, foodgrains; dairy products, eggs | tomatoes, greenhouse flowers, sweet peppers, eggplant, fruit; Guernsey cattle |
| Airports | 2 (2003 est.) | 2 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
total: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
- |
| Area | total: 47,000 sq km
land: 47,000 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 78 sq km
land: 78 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Alderney, Guernsey, Herm, Sark, and some other smaller islands |
| Area - comparative | about half the size of Indiana | about one-half the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | In 1865, Britain and Bhutan signed the Treaty of Sinchulu, under which Bhutan would receive an annual subsidy in exchange for ceding some border land. Under British influence, a monarchy was set up in 1907; three years later, a treaty was signed whereby the British agreed not to interfere in Bhutanese internal affairs and Bhutan allowed Britain to direct its foreign affairs. This role was assumed by independent India after 1947. Two years later, a formal Indo-Bhutanese accord returned the areas of Bhutan annexed by the British, formalized the annual subsidies the country received, and defined India's responsibilities in defense and foreign relations. A refugee issue of some 100,000 Bhutanese in Nepal remains unresolved; 90% of the refugees are housed in seven United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) camps. | The island of Guernsey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy, which held sway in both France and England. The islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. |
| Birth rate | 34.41 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 9.01 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $146 million
expenditures: $152 million, including capital expenditures of NA note: the government of India finances nearly three-fifths of Bhutan's budget expenditures (FY95/96 est.) |
revenues: $539.2 million
expenditures: $448.3 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2002 est.) |
| Capital | Thimphu | Saint Peter Port |
| Climate | varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot summers in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in Himalayas | temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of days are overcast |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | 50 km |
| Constitution | no written constitution or bill of rights; note - in 2001 the King commissioned the drafting of a constitution, and in November 2004 presented a draft to the Council of Ministers | unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice |
| Country name | conventional long form: Kingdom of Bhutan
conventional short form: Bhutan |
conventional long form: Bailiwick of Guernsey
conventional short form: Guernsey |
| Currency | ngultrum (BTN); Indian rupee (INR) | - |
| Death rate | 13.2 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 9.95 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Debt - external | $245 million (2000) | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | British crown dependency |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US and Bhutan have no formal diplomatic relations, although informal contact is maintained between the Bhutanese and US Embassy in New Delhi (India) | none (British crown dependency) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none; note - Bhutan has a Permanent Mission to the UN; address: 2 United Nations Plaza, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10017; telephone [1] (212) 826-1919; FAX [1] (212) 826-2998; the Bhutanese mission to the UN has consular jurisdiction in the US
consulate(s) general: New York |
none (British crown dependency) |
| Disputes - international | approximately 100,000 Bhutanese refugees living in Nepal, 90% of whom reside in seven UN Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees camps, place decades-long strains on Nepal | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | substantial aid from India and other nations | NA |
| Economy - overview | The economy, one of the world's smallest and least developed, is based on agriculture and forestry, which provide the main livelihood for more than 90% of the population. Agriculture consists largely of subsistence farming and animal husbandry. Rugged mountains dominate the terrain and make the building of roads and other infrastructure difficult and expensive. The economy is closely aligned with India's through strong trade and monetary links and dependence on India's financial assistance. The industrial sector is technologically backward, with most production of the cottage industry type. Most development projects, such as road construction, rely on Indian migrant labor. Bhutan's hydropower potential and its attraction for tourists are key resources. Model education, social, and environment programs are underway with support from multilateral development organizations. Each economic program takes into account the government's desire to protect the country's environment and cultural traditions. For example, the government in its cautious expansion of the tourist sector encourages the visits of upscale, environmentally conscientious visitors. Detailed controls and uncertain policies in areas like industrial licensing, trade, labor, and finance continue to hamper foreign investment. | Financial services - banking, fund management, insurance - account for about 55% of total income in this tiny, prosperous Channel Island economy. Tourism, manufacturing, and horticulture, mainly tomatoes and cut flowers, have been declining. Light tax and death duties make Guernsey a popular tax haven. The evolving economic integration of the EU nations is changing the environment under which Guernsey operates. |
| Electricity - consumption | 379.5 million kWh (2001) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 1.4 billion kWh (2001) | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - imports | 16 million kWh (2001) | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - production | 1.896 billion kWh (2001) | NA kWh |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Drangme Chhu 97 m
highest point: Kula Kangri 7,553 m |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Sark 114 m |
| Environment - current issues | soil erosion; limited access to potable water | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Bhote 50%, ethnic Nepalese 35% (includes Lhotsampas - one of several Nepalese ethnic groups), indigenous or migrant tribes 15% | UK and Norman-French descent with small percentages from other European countries |
| Exchange rates | ngultrum per US dollar - 46.5806 (2003), 48.6103 (2002), 47.1864 (2001), 44.9416 (2000), 43.0554 (1999) | Guernsey pounds per US dollar - 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001), 0.6609 (2000)
note: the Guernsey pound is at par with the British pound |
| Executive branch | chief of state: King Jigme Singye WANGCHUCK (since 24 July 1972)
head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Lyonpo Yeshey ZIMBA (since 20 August 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers (Lhengye Shungtsog) nominated by the monarch, approved by the National Assembly; members serve fixed, five-year terms; note - there is also a Royal Advisory Council (Lodoi Tsokde), members nominated by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary, but democratic reforms in July 1998 grant the National Assembly authority to remove the monarch with two-thirds vote |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Lieutenant Governor and Commander-in-Chief Lt. Gen. Sir John FOLEY (since NA 2000)
head of government: Chief Minister Laurie MORGAN (since 1 May 2004) cabinet: Policy Council elected by the States of Deliberation elections: the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister is elected by States of Delibertion election results: Laurie MORGAN elected chief minister, percent of vote of the States of Deliberation NA% |
| Exports | NA (2001) | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | electricity (to India), cardamom, gypsum, timber, handicrafts, cement, fruit, precious stones, spices | tomatoes, flowers and ferns, sweet peppers, eggplant, other vegetables |
| Exports - partners | Bangladesh 60.5%, US 11.7%, Malaysia 5.7% (2003) | UK (regarded as internal trade) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | calendar year |
| Flag description | divided diagonally from the lower hoist side corner; the upper triangle is yellow and the lower triangle is orange; centered along the dividing line is a large black and white dragon facing away from the hoist side | white with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) extending to the edges of the flag and a yellow equal-armed cross of William the Conqueror superimposed on the Saint George cross |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $2.7 billion (2002 est.) | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 45%
industry: 10% services: 45% (2002 est.) |
agriculture: 3%
industry: 10% services: 87% (2000) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2002 est.) | purchasing power parity - $40,000 (2003 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 7.7% (2002 est.) | 3% (2003 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 27 30 N, 90 30 E | 49 28 N, 2 35 W |
| Geography - note | landlocked; strategic location between China and India; controls several key Himalayan mountain passes | large, deepwater harbor at Saint Peter Port |
| Highways | total: 3,690 km
paved: 2,240 km unpaved: 1,450 km (1999 est.) |
total: NA km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | NA (2001) | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | fuel and lubricants, grain, machinery and parts, vehicles, fabrics, rice | coal, gasoline, oil, machinery and equipment |
| Imports - partners | Japan 36.6%, Austria 14.2%, Sweden 8.3%, China 7.5%, Thailand 6%, Bangladesh 6%, Germany 5.5%, Italy 4% (2003) | UK (regarded as internal trade) |
| Independence | 8 August 1949 (from India) | none (British crown dependency) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 9.3% (1996 est.) | NA% |
| Industries | cement, wood products, processed fruits, alcoholic beverages, calcium carbide | tourism, banking |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 102.56 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 100.35 deaths/1,000 live births female: 104.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
total: 4.71 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.26 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3% (2002 est.) | 4.9% (2004 est.) |
| International organization participation | AsDB, CP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OPCW (signatory), SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) | UPU |
| Irrigated land | 400 sq km (1998 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court of Appeal (the monarch); High Court (judges appointed by the monarch) | Royal Court |
| Labor force | NA
note: massive lack of skilled labor (1997 est.) |
32,290 (2001) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 93%, industry and commerce 2%, services 5% | - |
| Land boundaries | total: 1,075 km
border countries: China 470 km, India 605 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 3.09%
permanent crops: 0.43% other: 96.48% (2001) |
arable land: NA%
permanent crops: NA% other: NA% |
| Languages | Dzongkha (official), Bhotes speak various Tibetan dialects, Nepalese speak various Nepalese dialects | English, French, Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts |
| Legal system | based on Indian law and English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | English law and local statutes; justice is administered by the Royal Court |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Assembly or Tshogdu (150 seats; 105 elected from village constituencies, 10 represent religious bodies, and 35 are designated by the monarch to represent government and other secular interests; members serve three-year terms)
elections: local elections last held November 2002 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: NA |
unicameral States of Deliberation (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote for 4 years); note - Alderney and Sark have their own parliaments
elections: last held 21 April 2004 (next to be held NA 2008) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - all independents |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 53.99 years
male: 54.27 years female: 53.68 years (2004 est.) |
total population: 80.3 years
male: 77.3 years female: 83.41 years (2005 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 42.2% male: 56.2% female: 28.1% (1995 est.) |
definition: NA
total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | Southern Asia, between China and India | Western Europe, islands in the English Channel, northwest of France |
| Map references | Asia | Europe |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | territorial sea: 3 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| Military branches | Royal Bhutan Army, Royal Bodyguard, National Militia | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $11.2 million (2003) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 1.9% (2003) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49: 544,560 (2004 est.) | - |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49: 290,843 (2004 est.) | - |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | males: 23,379 (2004 est.) | - |
| National holiday | National Day (Ugyen WANGCHUCK became first hereditary king), 17 December (1907) | Liberation Day, 9 May (1945) |
| Nationality | noun: Bhutanese (singular and plural)
adjective: Bhutanese |
noun: Channel Islander(s)
adjective: Channel Islander |
| Natural hazards | violent storms from the Himalayas are the source of the country's name which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon; frequent landslides during the rainy season | NA |
| Natural resources | timber, hydropower, gypsum, calcium carbide | cropland |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 3.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | no legal parties | none; all independents |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Buddhist clergy; ethnic Nepalese organizations leading militant antigovernment campaign; Indian merchant community; United Front for Democracy (exiled) | none |
| Population | 2,185,569
note: other estimates range as low as 810,000 (July 2004 est.) |
65,228 (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 2.12% (2004 est.) | 0.29% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none | Saint Peter Port, Saint Sampson |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Religions | Lamaistic Buddhist 75%, Indian- and Nepalese-influenced Hinduism 25% | Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Baptist, Congregational, Methodist |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2005 est.) |
| Suffrage | each family has one vote in village-level elections; note - in late 2003 Bhutan's legislature passed a new election law | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: NA
domestic: domestic telephone service is very poor with few telephones in use international: country code - 975; international telephone and telegraph service is by landline through India; a satellite earth station was planned (1990) |
general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: 1 submarine cable |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 25,200 (2003) | 55,000 (2001) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 8,000 (2003) | 31,500 (2001) |
| Television broadcast stations | 0 (1997) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | mostly mountainous with some fertile valleys and savanna | mostly level with low hills in southwest |
| Total fertility rate | 4.87 children born/woman (2004 est.) | 1.38 children born/woman (2005 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA | 0.5% (1999 est.) |
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