Compare Bermuda (2004) - Tajikistan (2006)

Compare Bermuda (2004) z Tajikistan (2006)

	Bermuda (2004)	Tajikistan (2006)

Administrative divisions	9 parishes and 2 municipalities; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick*	2 provinces (viloyatho, singular - viloyat) and 1 autonomous province* (viloyati mukhtor); Viloyati Khatlon (Qurghonteppa), Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon* [Gorno-Badakhshan] (Khorugh), Viloyati Sughd (Khujand) note: the administrative center name follows in parentheses
Age structure	0-14 years: 19.1% (male 6,192; female 6,186) 15-64 years: 69.3% (male 22,268; female 22,703) 65 years and over: 11.7% (male 3,295; female 4,291) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 37.9% (male 1,396,349/female 1,375,168) 15-64 years: 57.4% (male 2,091,476/female 2,108,889) 65 years and over: 4.8% (male 154,162/female 194,771) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products	cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats
Airports	1 (2003 est.)	40 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 17 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 23 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 22 (2006)
Area	total: 53.3 sq km land: 53.3 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 143,100 sq km land: 142,700 sq km water: 400 sq km
Area - comparative	about one-third the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than Wisconsin
Background	Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Tourism continues to be important to the island's economy, although international business has overtaken it in recent years. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. A referendum on independence was soundly defeated in 1995.	The Tajik people came under Russian rule in the 1860s and 1870s, but Russia's hold on Central Asia weakened following the Revolution of 1917. Bolshevik control of the area was fiercely contested and not fully reestablished until 1925. Tajikistan became independent in 1991 following the breakup of the Soviet Union, and it is now in the process of strengthening its democracy and transitioning to a free market economy after its 1992-1997 civil war. There have been no major security incidents in recent years, although the country remains the poorest in the former Soviet sphere. Attention by the international community in the wake of the war in Afghanistan has brought increased economic development assistance, which could create jobs and increase stability in the long term. Tajikistan is in the early stages of seeking World Trade Organization membership and has joined NATO's Partnership for Peace.
Birth rate	11.83 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	32.65 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	revenues: $671.1 million expenditures: $594.6 million, including capital expenditures of $55 million (FY03/04)	revenues: $442.3 million expenditures: $542.6 million; including capital expenditures of $86 million (2005 est.)
Capital	Hamilton	name: Dushanbe geographic coordinates: 38 35 N, 68 48 E time difference: UTC+5 (10 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter	midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains
Coastline	103 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	8 June 1968, amended 1989 and 2003	6 November 1994
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Bermuda former: Somers Islands	conventional long form: Republic of Tajikistan conventional short form: Tajikistan local long form: Jumhurii Tojikiston local short form: Tojikiston former: Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic
Currency	Bermudian dollar (BMD)	-
Death rate	7.55 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	8.25 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	$160 million (FY99/00)	$888 million (2004 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Deputy Chief of Mission Antoinette BOECKER consulate(s) general: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire DVO3 mailing address: P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, 5300 Hamilton Place, Washington, DC 20520-5300 telephone: [1] (441) 295-1342 FAX: [1] (441) 295-1592, [1] (441) 296-9233	chief of mission: Ambassador Tracey Ann JACOBSON embassy: 109-A Ismoili Somoni Ave., Dushanbe 734003 mailing address: 7090 Dushanbe Place, Dulles, VA 20189 telephone: [992] (37) 229-20-00 FAX: [992] (37) 229-20-50
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Khamrokhon ZARIPOV chancery: 1005 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037 telephone: [1] (202) 223-6090 FAX: [1] (202) 223-6091
Disputes - international	none	boundary agreements signed in 2002 cede 1,000 sq km of Pamir Mountain range to China in return for China relinquishing claims to 28,000 sq km of Tajikistani lands, but neither state has published maps of ceded areas and demarcation has not yet commenced; talks continue with Uzbekistan to delimit border and remove minefields; disputes in Isfara Valley delay delimitation with Kyrgyzstan
Economic aid - recipient	NA	$67 million from US (2005)
Economy - overview	Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, equal to that of the US. Its economy is primarily based on providing financial services for international business and luxury facilities for tourists. The effects of 11 September 2001 have had both positive and negative ramifications for Bermuda. On the positive side, a number of new reinsurance companies have located on the island, contributing to the expansion of an already robust international business sector. On the negative side, Bermuda's tourism industry - which derives over 80% of its visitors from the US - was severely hit as American tourists chose not to travel. Tourism rebounded somewhat in 2002-03. Most capital equipment and food must be imported. Bermuda's industrial sector is small, although construction continues to be important; the average cost of a house in June 2003 had risen to $976,000. Agriculture is limited, only 6% of the land being arable.	Tajikistan has one of the lowest per capita GDPs among the 15 former Soviet republics. Only 6% of the land area is arable; cotton is the most important crop. Mineral resources, varied but limited in amount, include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry consists only of a large aluminum plant, hydropower facilities, and small obsolete factories mostly in light industry and food processing. The civil war (1992-97) severely damaged the already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production. Even though 64% of its people continue to live in abject poverty, Tajikistan has experienced steady economic growth since 1997, but experienced a slight drop in its growth rate to 8% in 2005 from 10.6% in 2004. Continued privatization of medium and large state-owned enterprises would further increase productivity. Tajikistan's economic situation, however, remains fragile due to uneven implementation of structural reforms, weak governance, widespread unemployment, and the external debt burden. A debt restructuring agreement was reached with Russia in December 2002, including a $250 million write-off of Tajikistan's $300 million debt to Russia. Tajikistan ranks third in the world in terms of water resources per head. A proposed investment to finish the hydropower dams Rogun and Sangtuda would substantially add to electricity production. If finished, Rogun will be the world's tallest dam.
Electricity - consumption	598.6 million kWh (2001)	15.05 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	3.874 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	4.81 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - production	643.7 million kWh (2001)	16.5 billion kWh (2004)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Town Hill 76 m	lowest point: Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m highest point: Qullai Ismoili Somoni 7,495 m
Environment - current issues	asbestos disposal; water pollution; preservation of open space; sustainable development	inadequate sanitation facilities; increasing levels of soil salinity; industrial pollution; excessive pesticides
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	black 58%, white 36%, other 6%	Tajik 79.9%, Uzbek 15.3%, Russian 1.1%, Kyrgyz 1.1%, other 2.6% (2000 census)
Exchange rates	Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar)	Tajikistani somoni per US dollar - 3.1166 (2005), 2.9705 (2004), 3.0614 (2003), 2.7641 (2002), 2.3722 (2001)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since NA April 2002) head of government: Premier Alex SCOTT (since 24 July 2003); Deputy Premier Ewart BROWN cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor	chief of state: President Emomali RAHMONOV (since 6 November 1994; head of state and Supreme Assembly chairman since 19 November 1992) head of government: Prime Minister Oqil OQILOV (since 20 January 1999) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Supreme Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 6 November 2006 (next to be held November 2013); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Emomali RAHMONOV reelected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMONOV 76.4%, Olimzon BOBOYEV 7.2%, other 16.4%
Exports	NA (2001)	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	reexports of pharmaceuticals	aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles
Exports - partners	France 62%, Norway 13.8%, UK 7.5% (2003)	Netherlands 46.6%, Turkey 15.8%, Russia 9.1%, Uzbekistan 7.3%, Latvia 4.9%, Iran 4% (2005)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag	three horizontal stripes of red (top), a wider stripe of white, and green; a gold crown surmounted by seven gold, five-pointed stars is located in the center of the white stripe
GDP	purchasing power parity - $2.33 billion (2003 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1% industry: 10% services: 89% (2002 est.)	agriculture: 23.4% industry: 28.6% services: 48% (2005 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $36,000 (2003 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	2% (2003 est.)	6.7% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	32 20 N, 64 45 W	39 00 N, 71 00 E
Geography - note	consists of about 138 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995	landlocked; mountainous region dominated by the Trans-Alay Range in the north and the Pamirs in the southeast; highest point, Qullai Ismoili Somoni (formerly Communism Peak), was the tallest mountain in the former USSR
Highways	total: 450 km paved: 450 km unpaved: 0 km note: public roads - 209 km; private roads - 241 km (2002)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: 3.2% highest 10%: 25.2% (1998)
Illicit drugs	-	major transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; limited illicit cultivation of opium poppy for domestic consumption; Tajikistan seizes roughly 80% of all drugs captured in Central Asia and stands third worldwide in seizures of opiates (heroin and raw opium)
Imports	NA (2001)	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals	electricity, petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs
Imports - partners	Kazakhstan 46.7%, France 32.5%, US 8.5% (2003)	Russia 19.3%, Kazakhstan 12.7%, Uzbekistan 11.5%, Azerbaijan 8.6%, China 7%, Ukraine 6.2%, Romania 4.6%, Turkmenistan 4% (2005)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	8.2% (2002 est.)
Industries	tourism, international business, light manufacturing	aluminum, zinc, lead; chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers
Infant mortality rate	total: 8.79 deaths/1,000 live births male: 10.45 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: 106.49 deaths/1,000 live births male: 117.83 deaths/1,000 live births female: 94.59 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.3% (mid-2003 est.)	7.1% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	Caricom (associate), ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UPU, WCO, Egmont Group, Caribbean Financial Action Task Force	AsDB, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITU, MIGA, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	7,220 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts	Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president)
Labor force	37,470 (2000)	3.7 million (2003)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture and fishing 3%, laborers 17%, clerical 22%, professional and technical 17%, administrative and managerial 13%, sales 8%, services 20% (2000 est.)	agriculture: 67.2% industry: 7.5% services: 25.3% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 3,651 km border countries: Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km
Land use	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (55% developed, 45% rural/open space) (2001)	arable land: 6.52% permanent crops: 0.89% other: 92.59% (2005)
Languages	English (official), Portuguese	Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business
Legal system	English law	based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-member body appointed by the governor, the premier, and the opposition) and the House of Assembly (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve up to five-year terms) elections: last general election held 24 July 2003 (next to be held NA July 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 51.7%, UBP 48%; seats by party - PLP 22, UBP 14	bicameral Supreme Assembly or Majlisi Oli consists of the Assembly of Representatives (lower chamber) or Majlisi Namoyandagon (63 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the National Assembly (upper chamber) or Majlisi Milliy (34 seats; members are indirectly elected, 25 selected by local deputies, 8 appointed by the president; 1 seat reserved for the former president; all serve five-year terms) elections: last held 27 February and 13 March 2005 for the Assembly of Representatives (next to be held February 2010) and 25 March 2005 for the National Assembly (next to be held February 2010) election results: Assembly of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDPT 74.9%, CPT 13.6%, Islamic Revival Party 8.9%, other 2.5%; seats by party - PDPT 51, CPT 5, Islamic Revival Party 2, independents 5; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PDPT 29, CPT 2, independents 3
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 77.6 years male: 75.54 years female: 79.7 years (2004 est.)	total population: 64.94 years male: 62.03 years female: 68 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 98% female: 99% (1970 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.4% male: 99.6% female: 99.1% (2003 est.)
Location	North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of South Carolina (US)	Central Asia, west of China
Map references	North America	Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	total: 94 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 4,845,326 GRT/6,501,782 DWT by type: bulk 25, cargo 4, container 17, liquefied gas 9, passenger 6, petroleum tanker 9, refrigerated cargo 11, roll on/roll off 10, short-sea/passenger 3 foreign-owned: Croatia 5, Germany 2, Greece 21, Hong Kong 9, Indonesia 1, Sweden 6, Switzerland 1, United Kingdom 33, United States 12 registered in other countries: 2 (2004 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	Bermuda Regiment	Ground Troops, Air and Air Defense Troops, Mobile Troops (2005)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$4.03 million (2001)	$35.4 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	0.11% (FY00/01)	3.9% (FY01)
National holiday	Bermuda Day, 24 May	Independence Day (or National Day), 9 September (1991)
Nationality	noun: Bermudian(s) adjective: Bermudian	noun: Tajikistani(s) adjective: Tajikistani
Natural hazards	hurricanes (June to November)	earthquakes and floods
Natural resources	limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism	hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold
Net migration rate	2.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-2.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Pipelines	-	gas 549 km; oil 38 km (2006)
Political parties and leaders	Gombey Liberation Party or GLP [Gavin Sundjata SMITH]; National Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [William Alexander SCOTT]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Grant GIBBONS];	Agrarian Party of Tajikistan or APT [Amir KARAKULOV]; Democratic Party or DPT [Mahmadruzi ISKANDAROV]; Islamic Revival Party [Said Abdullo NURI]; Party of Economic Reform or PER [Olimjon BOBOYEV]; People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan or PDPT [Emomali RAHMONOV]; Social Democratic Party or SDPT [Rahmatullo ZOYIROV]; Socialist Party or SPT [Abdualim GHAFFOROV]; Tajik Communist Party or CPT [Shodi SHABDOLOV]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Bermuda Employer's Union [Eddie SAINTS]; Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Union or BPSU [Ed BALL]; Bermuda Union of Teachers [Michael CHARLES]	unregistered political parties: Agrarian Party [Hikmatullo NASREDDINOV]; Party of Justice [Abdurahim KARIMOV]; People's Unity Party [Abdumalik ABDULLOJONOV]; Progressive Party [Sulton QUVVATOV]; Socialist Party [Mirhuseyn NAZRIYEV]; note - this is the SPT that was disbanded, another pro-government SPT (listed above under political parties) replaced it; Unity Party [Hikmatullo SAIDOV]
Population	64,935 (July 2004 est.)	7,320,815 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	19% (2000)	64% (2004 est.)
Population growth rate	0.68% (2004 est.)	2.19% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors	Hamilton, Saint George's, Dockyard	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 8, FM 10, shortwave 2 (2002)
Railways	-	total: 482 km broad gauge: 482 km 1.520-m gauge (2005)
Religions	non-Anglican Protestant 39%, Anglican 27%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 19%	Sunni Muslim 85%, Shi'a Muslim 5%, other 10% (2003 est.)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: good domestic: modern, fully automatic telephone system international: country code - 1-441; 3 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not linked to the national network domestic: cable and microwave radio relay international: country code - 992; linked by cable and microwave radio relay to other CIS republics and by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; Dushanbe linked by Intelsat to international gateway switch in Ankara (Turkey); satellite earth stations - 1 Orbita and 2 Intelsat
Telephones - main lines in use	56,000 (2002)	245,200 (2004)
Telephones - mobile cellular	37,873 (2003)	265,000 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	4 (2003)	13 (2001)
Terrain	low hills separated by fertile depressions	Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest
Total fertility rate	1.9 children born/woman (2004 est.)	4 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	5% (2002 est.)	12% (2004 est.)
Waterways	-	200 km (along Vakhsh River) (2006)

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