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Compare Bermuda (2001) - Colombia (2002)

Compare Bermuda (2001) z Colombia (2002)

 Bermuda (2001)Colombia (2002)
 BermudaColombia
Administrative divisions 9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint Georges, Sandys, Smiths, Southampton, Warwick 32 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 capital district* (distrito capital); Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Atlantico, Distrito Capital de Bogota*, Bolivar, Boyaca, Caldas, Caqueta, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar, Choco, Cordoba, Cundinamarca, Guainia, Guaviare, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Narino, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindio, Risaralda, San Andres y Providencia, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle del Cauca, Vaupes, Vichada
Age structure 0-14 years:
19.4% (male 6,091; female 6,230)

15-64 years:
69.43% (male 21,783; female 22,309)

65 years and over:
11.17% (male 3,073; female 4,017) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 31.6% (male 6,552,961; female 6,399,666)


15-64 years: 63.6% (male 12,694,293; female 13,375,425)


65 years and over: 4.8% (male 886,921; female 1,098,961) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products coffee, cut flowers, bananas, rice, tobacco, corn, sugarcane, cocoa beans, oilseed, vegetables; forest products; shrimp
Airports 1 (2000 est.) 1,066 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 96


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 9


1,524 to 2,437 m: 38


914 to 1,523 m: 36


under 914 m: 11 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 954


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 51


914 to 1,523 m: 315


under 914 m: 587 (2002)
Area total:
58.8 sq km

land:
58.8 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 1,138,910 sq km


land: 1,038,700 sq km


water: 100,210 sq km


note: includes Isla de Malpelo, Roncador Cay, Serrana Bank, and Serranilla Bank
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC slightly less than three times the size of Montana
Background Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. A referendum on independence was soundly defeated in 1995. Colombia was one of the three countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others being Ecuador and Venezuela). A 40-year insurgent campaign to overthrow the Colombian Government escalated during the 1990s, undergirded in part by funds from the drug trade. Although the violence is deadly and large swaths of the countryside are under guerrilla influence, the movement lacks the military strength or popular support necessary to overthrow the government. An anti-insurgent army of paramilitaries has grown to be several thousand strong in recent years, challenging the insurgents for control of territory and illicit industries such as the drug trade and the government's ability to exert its dominion over rural areas. While Bogota continues to try to negotiate a settlement, neighboring countries worry about the violence spilling over their borders.
Birth rate 12.16 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 21.99 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues:
$504.6 million

expenditures:
$537 million, including capital expenditures of $75 million (FY97/98)
revenues: $24 billion


expenditures: $25.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
Capital Hamilton Bogota
Climate subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands
Coastline 103 km 3,208 km (Caribbean Sea 1,760 km, North Pacific Ocean 1,448 km)
Constitution 8 June 1968, amended 1989 5 July 1991
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Bermuda

former:
Somers Islands
conventional long form: Republic of Colombia


conventional short form: Colombia


local long form: Republica de Colombia


local short form: Colombia
Currency Bermudian dollar (BMD) Colombian peso (COP)
Death rate 7.42 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5.66 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $NA $39 billion (2001 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Consul General Lawrence D. OWEN

consulate(s) general:
Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire, Hamilton

mailing address:
P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, Washington, DC 20520-5300

telephone:
[1] (441) 295-1342

FAX:
[1] (441) 295-1592
chief of mission: Ambassador Anne W. PATTERSON


embassy: Calle 22D-BIS, numbers 47-51, Apartado Aereo 3831


mailing address: Carrera 45 #22D-45, Bogota, D.C., APO AA 34038


telephone: [57] (1) 315-0811


FAX: [57] (1) 315-2197
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Luis Alberto MORENO Mejia


chancery: 2118 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 387-8338


FAX: [1] (202) 232-8643


consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico), and Washington, DC


consulate(s): Atlanta
Disputes - international none Nicaragua filed a claim against Honduras in 1999 and against Colombia in 2001 at the ICJ over disputed maritime boundary involving 50,000 sq km in the Caribbean Sea, including the Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank; maritime boundary dispute with Venezuela in the Gulf of Venezuela; Colombian drug activities penetrate Peruvian border area
Economic aid - recipient $27.9 million (1995) $NA
Economy - overview Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, having successfully exploited its location by providing financial services for international firms and luxury tourist facilities for 360,000 visitors annually. The tourist industry, which accounts for an estimated 28% of GDP, attracts 84% of its business from North America. The industrial sector is small, and agriculture is severely limited by a lack of suitable land. About 80% of food needs are imported. International business contributes over 60% of Bermuda's economic output; a failed independence vote in late 1995 can be partially attributed to Bermudian fears of scaring away foreign firms. Government economic priorities are the further strengthening of the tourist and international financial sectors. Colombia's economy suffered from weak domestic demand, austere government budgets, and a difficult security situation. A new president takes office in 2002 and will face economic challenges ranging from pension reform to reduction of unemployment. Two of Colombia's leading exports, oil and coffee, face an uncertain future; new exploration is needed to offset declining oil production, while coffee harvests and prices are depressed. Problems in public security are a concern for Colombian business leaders, who are calling for progress in the government's peace negotiations with insurgent groups. Colombia is looking for continued support from the international community to boost economic and peace prospects.
Electricity - consumption 511.5 million kWh (1999) 40.348 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 37 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 77 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 550 million kWh (1999) 43.342 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel: 26%


hydro: 73%


nuclear: 0%


other: 1% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Town Hill 76 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Pico Cristobal Colon 5,775 m


note: nearby Pico Simon Bolivar also has the same elevation
Environment - current issues asbestos disposal; water pollution; preservation of open space deforestation; soil and water quality damage from overuse of pesticides; air pollution, especially in Bogota, from vehicle emissions
Environment - international agreements - party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping
Ethnic groups black 58%, white 36%, other 6% mestizo 58%, white 20%, mulatto 14%, black 4%, mixed black-Amerindian 3%, Amerindian 1%
Exchange rates Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar) Colombian pesos per US dollar - 2,275.89 (January 2002), 2,299.63 (2001), 2,087.90 (2000), 1,756.23 (1999), 1,426.04 (1998), 1,140.96 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997)

head of government:
Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)

cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; governor invites leader of largest party in Parliament to form a government as premier
chief of state: President Alvaro URIBE Velez (since 7 August 2002); Vice President Francisco SANTOS (since 7 August 2002); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Alvaro URIBE Velez (since 7 August 2002); Vice President Francisco SANTOS (since 7 August 2002); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet consists of a coalition of the two dominant parties - the PL and PSC - and independents


elections: president and vice president elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 26 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2006)


election results: President Alvaro URIBE Velez received 53% of the vote; Vice President Francisco SANTOS was elected on the same ticket
Exports $56 million (2000 est.) $12.3 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities reexports of pharmaceuticals petroleum, coffee, coal, apparel, bananas, cut flowers
Exports - partners UK 29.5%, US 9.8% (1997) US 43%, Andean Community of Nations 22%, EU 14%, (2001 est.)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double-width), blue, and red; similar to the flag of Ecuador, which is longer and bears the Ecuadorian coat of arms superimposed in the center
GDP purchasing power parity - $2.1 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $255 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1%

industry:
10%

services:
89% (1995 est.)
agriculture: 19%


industry: 26%


services: 55% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $33,000 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $6,300 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 1.5% (2000 est.) 1.5% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 32 20 N, 64 45 W 4 00 N, 72 00 W
Geography - note consists of about 360 small coral islands with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land, reclaimed and otherwise, was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995 only South American country with coastlines on both North Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea
Heliports - 1 (2002)
Highways total:
225 km

paved:
225 km

unpaved:
0 km

note:
in addition, there are 232 km of paved and unpaved roads that are privately owned (1997)
total: 110,000 km


paved: 26,000 km


unpaved: 84,000 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 1%


highest 10%: 44% (1999) (1999)
Illicit drugs - illicit producer of coca, opium poppy, and cannabis; world's leading coca cultivator (cultivation of coca in 2001 was 169,800 hectares, a 25% increase over 2000); potential production of opium between 2000 and 2001 increased by 33% to 40 metric tons; potential production of heroin increased to 4.3 metric tons; the world's largest processor of coca derivatives into cocaine; supplier of about 90% of the cocaine to the US market and the great majority of cocaine to other international drug markets; important supplier of heroin to the US market; active aerial eradication program; a significant portion of non-US narcotics proceeds are either laundered or invested in Columbia through the black market peso exchange
Imports $739 million (2000 est.) $12.7 billion c.i.f. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals industrial equipment, transportation equipment, consumer goods, chemicals, paper products, fuels, electricity
Imports - partners US 34%, UK 9%, Mexico 8% (1997) US 35%, EU 16%, Andean Community of Nations 15%, Japan 5% (2001 est.)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) 20 July 1810 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 4% (2001 est.)
Industries tourism, finance, insurance, structural concrete products, paints, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, ship repairing textiles, food processing, oil, clothing and footwear, beverages, chemicals, cement; gold, coal, emeralds
Infant mortality rate 9.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 23.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.7% (2000 est.) 7.6% (2001) (2001)
International organization participation Caricom (observer), CCC, ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC BCIE, CAN, Caricom (observer), CCC, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-3, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 20 (2000) 18 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 8,500 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts four, coequal, supreme judicial organs; Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justical (highest court of criminal law; judges are selected from the nominees of the Higher Council of Justice for eight-year terms); Council of State (highest court of administrative law, judges are selected from the nominees of the Higher Council of Justice for eight-year terms); Constitutional Court (guards integrity and supremacy of the constitution, rules on constitutionality of laws, amendments to the constitution, and international treaties); Higher Council of Justice (administers and disciplines the civilian judiciary; members of the disciplinary chamber resolve jurisdictional conflicts arising between other courts; members are elected by three sister courts and Congress for eight-year terms)
Labor force 35,296 (1997) 18.3 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation clerical 23%, services 22%, laborers 17%, professional and technical 17%, administrative and managerial 12%, sales 7%, agriculture and fishing 2% (1996) services 46%, agriculture 30%, industry 24% (1990) (1990)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 6,004 km


border countries: Brazil 1,643 km, Ecuador 590 km, Panama 225 km, Peru 1,496 km (est.), Venezuela 2,050 km
Land use arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
94% (55% developed, 39% rural/open space) (1997 est.)
arable land: 1.9%


permanent crops: 1.96%


other: 96.14% (1998 est.)
Languages English (official), Portuguese Spanish
Legal system English law based on Spanish law; a new criminal code modeled after US procedures was enacted in 1992-93; judicial review of executive and legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-member body appointed by the governor) and the House of Assembly (40 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 9 November 1998 (next to be held NA November 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PLP 54%, UBP 44%, NLP 1%, independents 1%; seats by party - PLP 26, UBP 14
bicameral Congress or Congreso consists of the Senate or Senado (102 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the House of Representatives or Camara de Representantes (166 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: Senate - last held 10 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2006); House of Representatives - last held 10 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2006)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PL 28, PSC 13, independents and smaller parties (many aligned with conservatives) 61; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PL 54, PSC 21, independents and other parties 91
Life expectancy at birth total population:
77.12 years

male:
75.04 years

female:
79.06 years (2001 est.)
total population: 70.85 years


male: 67 years


female: 74.83 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
98%

male:
98%

female:
99% (1970 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91.3%


male: 91.2%


female: 91.4% (1995 est.)
Location North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of North Carolina (US) Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Panama and Venezuela, and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Ecuador and Panama
Map references North America South America
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total:
105 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,836,538 GRT/9,728,045 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 27, cargo 4, container 15, liquefied gas 7, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 23, refrigerated cargo 16, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea passenger 3

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Canada 10, Hong Kong 10, Japan 1, Nigeria 4, Saudi Arabia 1, Sweden 3, Switzerland 2, UK 10, US 7 (2000 est.)
total: 11 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 32,438 GRT/43,126 DWT


ships by type: bulk 5, cargo 3, container 1, petroleum tanker 2


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary Army (Ejercito Nacional), Navy (Armada Nacional, including Marines and Coast Guard), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Colombiana), National Police (Policia Nacional)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA $3.3 billion (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 3.4% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 10,946,932 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 7,308,703 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 379,295 (2002 est.)
National holiday Bermuda Day, 24 May Independence Day, 20 July (1810)
Nationality noun:
Bermudian(s)

adjective:
Bermudian
noun: Colombian(s)


adjective: Colombian
Natural hazards hurricanes (June to November) highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic droughts
Natural resources limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds, hydropower
Net migration rate 2.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -0.32 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 3,585 km; petroleum products 1,350 km; natural gas 830 km; natural gas liquids 125 km
Political parties and leaders National Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Jennifer SMITH]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Pamela GORDON] Conservative Party or PSC [Carlos HOLGUIN Sardi]; Liberal Party or PL [Horatio SERPA Uribe]; Patriotic Union or UP is a legal political party formed by Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia or FARC and Colombian Communist Party or PCC [Jaime CAICEDO]; 19 of April Movement or M-19 [Antonio NAVARRO Wolff]


note: Colombia has about 60 formally recognized political parties, most of which do not have a presence in either house of Congress
Political pressure groups and leaders Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Association or BPSA [Betty CHRISTOPHER] two largest insurgent groups active in Colombia - Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia or FARC and National Liberation Army or ELN; largest anti-insurgent paramilitary group is United Self-Defense Groups of Colombia or AUC
Population 63,503 (July 2001 est.) 41,008,227 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 55% (2001) (2001)
Population growth rate 0.74% (2001 est.) 1.6% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Hamilton, Saint George Bahia de Portete, Barranquilla, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Leticia, Puerto Bolivar, San Andres, Santa Marta, Tumaco, Turbo
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 454, FM 34, shortwave 27 (1999)
Radios 82,000 (1997) 21 million (1997)
Railways 0 km total: 3,304 km


standard gauge: 150 km 1.435-m gauge (connects Cerrejon coal mines to maritime port at Bahia de Portete)


narrow gauge: 3,154 km 0.914-m gauge (major sections not in use) (2000 est.)
Religions non-Anglican Protestant 39%, Anglican 27%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 19% Roman Catholic 90%
Sex ratio at birth:
0.94 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.76 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
modern, fully automatic telephone system

international:
3 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: modern system in many respects


domestic: nationwide microwave radio relay system; domestic satellite system with 41 earth stations; fiber-optic network linking 50 cities


international: satellite earth stations - 6 Intelsat, 1 Inmarsat; 3 fully digitalized international switching centers; 8 submarine cables
Telephones - main lines in use 52,000 (1997) 5,433,565 (December 1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 7,980 (1996) 1,800,229 (December 1998)
Television broadcast stations 3 (1997) 60 (includes seven low-power stations) (1997)
Terrain low hills separated by fertile depressions flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains
Total fertility rate 1.81 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.64 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate NEGL% (1995) 17% (2001 est.)
Waterways none 18,140 km (navigable by river boats) (April 1996)
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