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Compare Bahrain (2001) - Bermuda (2001)
Compare Bahrain (2001) z Bermuda (2001)
| Bahrain (2001) | Bermuda (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 12 municipalities (manatiq, singular - mintaqah); Al Hadd, Al Manamah, Al Mintaqah al Gharbiyah, Al Mintaqah al Wusta, Al Mintaqah ash Shamaliyah, Al Muharraq, Ar Rifa' wa al Mintaqah al Janubiyah, Jidd Hafs, Madinat Hamad, Madinat 'Isa, Juzur Hawar, Sitrah
note: all municipalities administered from Manama |
9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint Georges, Sandys, Smiths, Southampton, Warwick |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
29.6% (male 96,697; female 94,330) 15-64 years: 67.43% (male 257,360; female 177,839) 65 years and over: 2.97% (male 9,721; female 9,414) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years:
19.4% (male 6,091; female 6,230) 15-64 years: 69.43% (male 21,783; female 22,309) 65 years and over: 11.17% (male 3,073; female 4,017) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | fruit, vegetables; poultry, dairy products; shrimp, fish | bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products |
| Airports | 3 (2000 est.) | 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
2 over 3,047 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
total:
1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
620 sq km land: 620 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
58.8 sq km land: 58.8 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC | about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Bahrain's small size and central location among Persian Gulf countries require it to play a delicate balancing act in foreign affairs among its larger neighbors. Possessing minimal oil reserves, Bahrain has turned to petroleum processing and refining, and has transformed itself into an international banking center. The new amir is pushing economic and political reforms, and has worked to improve relations with the Shi'a community. In 2001, the International Court of Justice awarded the Hawar Islands, long disputed with Qatar, to Bahrain. | Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. A referendum on independence was soundly defeated in 1995. |
| Birth rate | 20.07 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 12.16 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$1.8 billion expenditures: $2.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.) |
revenues:
$504.6 million expenditures: $537 million, including capital expenditures of $75 million (FY97/98) |
| Capital | Manama | Hamilton |
| Climate | arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers | subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter |
| Coastline | 161 km | 103 km |
| Constitution | adopted late December 2000 (new constitution calls for a partially elected legislature, a constitutional monarchy, and an independent judiciary) | 8 June 1968, amended 1989 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
State of Bahrain conventional short form: Bahrain local long form: Dawlat al Bahrayn local short form: Al Bahrayn former: Dilmun |
conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Bermuda former: Somers Islands |
| Currency | Bahraini dinar (BHD) | Bermudian dollar (BMD) |
| Death rate | 3.92 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 7.42 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $2.7 billion (2000) | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | overseas territory of the UK |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Johnny YOUNG embassy: #979, Road 3119 (next to Al-Ahli Sports Club), Block 321, Zinj District, Manama mailing address: American Embassy Manama, PSC 451, FPO AE 09834-5100; international mail: American Embassy, Box 26431, Manama telephone: [973] 273-300 FAX: [973] 272-594 |
chief of mission:
Consul General Lawrence D. OWEN consulate(s) general: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire, Hamilton mailing address: P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, Washington, DC 20520-5300 telephone: [1] (441) 295-1342 FAX: [1] (441) 295-1592 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador (vacant) chancery: 3502 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 342-0741 FAX: [1] (202) 362-2192 consulate(s) general: New York |
none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Disputes - international | in March of 2001, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) awarded the Hawar Islands to Bahrain and also adjusted Bahrain's maritime boundary with Qatar | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $48.4 million (1995) | $27.9 million (1995) |
| Economy - overview | In Bahrain, petroleum production and refining account for about 60% of export receipts, 60% of government revenues, and 30% of GDP. With its highly developed communication and transport facilities, Bahrain is home to numerous multinational firms with business in the Gulf. Bahrain is dependent on Saudi Arabia for oil revenue granted as aid. A large share of exports consists of petroleum products made from imported crude. Construction proceeds on several major industrial projects. Unemployment, especially among the young, and the depletion of both oil and underground water resources are major long-term economic problems. | Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, having successfully exploited its location by providing financial services for international firms and luxury tourist facilities for 360,000 visitors annually. The tourist industry, which accounts for an estimated 28% of GDP, attracts 84% of its business from North America. The industrial sector is small, and agriculture is severely limited by a lack of suitable land. About 80% of food needs are imported. International business contributes over 60% of Bermuda's economic output; a failed independence vote in late 1995 can be partially attributed to Bermudian fears of scaring away foreign firms. Government economic priorities are the further strengthening of the tourist and international financial sectors. |
| Electricity - consumption | 5.752 billion kWh (1999) | 511.5 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 6.185 billion kWh (1999) | 550 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Jabal ad Dukhan 122 m |
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Town Hill 76 m |
| Environment - current issues | desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land, periods of drought, and dust storms; coastal degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation) resulting from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers, oil refineries, and distribution stations; no natural fresh water resources so that groundwater and sea water are the only sources for all water needs | asbestos disposal; water pollution; preservation of open space |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Bahraini 63%, Asian 19%, other Arab 10%, Iranian 8% | black 58%, white 36%, other 6% |
| Exchange rates | Bahraini dinars per US dollar - 0.3760 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar) | Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Amir HAMAD bin Isa Al Khalifa (since 6 March 1999); Heir Apparent Crown Prince SALMAN bin Hamad (son of the monarch, born 21 October 1969) head of government: Prime Minister KHALIFA bin Salman Al Khalifa (since NA 1971) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch |
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997) head of government: Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998) cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; governor invites leader of largest party in Parliament to form a government as premier |
| Exports | $5.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000) | $56 million (2000 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | petroleum and petroleum products 61%, aluminum 7% | reexports of pharmaceuticals |
| Exports - partners | India 14%, Saudi Arabia 5%, US 5%, UAE 5%, Japan 4%, South Korea 4% (1999) | UK 29.5%, US 9.8% (1997) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | red with a white serrated band (eight white points) on the hoist side | red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $10.1 billion (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $2.1 billion (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
1% industry: 46% services: 53% (1996 est.) |
agriculture:
1% industry: 10% services: 89% (1995 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $15,900 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $33,000 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 5% (2000 est.) | 1.5% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 26 00 N, 50 33 E | 32 20 N, 64 45 W |
| Geography - note | close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf which much of Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean | consists of about 360 small coral islands with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land, reclaimed and otherwise, was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995 |
| Heliports | 1 (2000 est.) | - |
| Highways | total:
3,164 km paved: 2,433 km unpaved: 731 km note: there is a paved causeway connecting Bahrain to Saudi Arabia (1997) |
total:
225 km paved: 225 km unpaved: 0 km note: in addition, there are 232 km of paved and unpaved roads that are privately owned (1997) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $4.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000) | $739 million (2000 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | nonoil 59%, crude oil 41% | machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals |
| Imports - partners | France 20%, US 14%, UK 8%, Saudi Arabia 7%, Japan 5% (1999) | US 34%, UK 9%, Mexico 8% (1997) |
| Independence | 15 August 1971 (from UK) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 2% (2000 est.) | NA% |
| Industries | petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, offshore banking, ship repairing; tourism | tourism, finance, insurance, structural concrete products, paints, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, ship repairing |
| Infant mortality rate | 19.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | 9.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2% (2000 est.) | 2.7% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO | Caricom (observer), CCC, ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 20 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 10 sq km (1993 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | High Civil Appeals Court | Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts |
| Labor force | 295,000 (1998 est.)
note: 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.) |
35,296 (1997) |
| Labor force - by occupation | industry, commerce, and service 79%, government 20%, agriculture 1% (1997 est.) | clerical 23%, services 22%, laborers 17%, professional and technical 17%, administrative and managerial 12%, sales 7%, agriculture and fishing 2% (1996) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
1% permanent crops: 1% permanent pastures: 6% forests and woodland: 0% other: 92% (1993 est.) |
arable land:
6% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 94% (55% developed, 39% rural/open space) (1997 est.) |
| Languages | Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu | English (official), Portuguese |
| Legal system | based on Islamic law and English common law | English law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Assembly was dissolved 26 August 1975 and legislative powers were assumed by the Cabinet; appointed Advisory Council established 16 December 1992; the National Action Charter created a bicameral legislature on 23 December 2000; approved by referendum of 14 February 2001 | bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-member body appointed by the governor) and the House of Assembly (40 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 9 November 1998 (next to be held NA November 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 54%, UBP 44%, NLP 1%, independents 1%; seats by party - PLP 26, UBP 14 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
73.2 years male: 70.81 years female: 75.67 years (2001 est.) |
total population:
77.12 years male: 75.04 years female: 79.06 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 85.2% male: 89.1% female: 79.4% (1995 est.) |
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 98% female: 99% (1970 est.) |
| Location | Middle East, archipelago in the Persian Gulf, east of Saudi Arabia | North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of North Carolina (US) |
| Map references | Middle East | North America |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone:
24 NM continental shelf: extending to boundaries to be determined territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | total:
7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 175,609 GRT/207,652 DWT ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 3, container 2 (2000 est.) |
total:
105 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,836,538 GRT/9,728,045 DWT ships by type: bulk 27, cargo 4, container 15, liquefied gas 7, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 23, refrigerated cargo 16, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea passenger 3 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Canada 10, Hong Kong 10, Japan 1, Nigeria 4, Saudi Arabia 1, Sweden 3, Switzerland 2, UK 10, US 7 (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| Military branches | Ground Force, Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard, Police Force | Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $318 million (FY99) | $NA |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 5.2% (FY99) | NA% |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
222,141 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
121,833 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - military age | 15 years of age | - |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | males:
5,926 (2001 est.) |
- |
| National holiday | National Day, 16 December (1971); note - 15 August 1971 is the date of independence from the UK, 16 December 1971 is the date of independence from British protection | Bermuda Day, 24 May |
| Nationality | noun:
Bahraini(s) adjective: Bahraini |
noun:
Bermudian(s) adjective: Bermudian |
| Natural hazards | periodic droughts; dust storms | hurricanes (June to November) |
| Natural resources | oil, associated and nonassociated natural gas, fish, pearls | limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism |
| Net migration rate | 1.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 2.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Pipelines | crude oil 56 km; petroleum products 16 km; natural gas 32 km | - |
| Political parties and leaders | political parties prohibited | National Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Jennifer SMITH]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Pamela GORDON] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Shi'a activists fomented unrest sporadically 1994-97, demanding the return of an elected National Assembly and an end to unemployment; several small, clandestine leftist and Islamic fundamentalist groups are active | Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Association or BPSA [Betty CHRISTOPHER] |
| Population | 645,361
note: includes 228,424 non-nationals (July 2001 est.) |
63,503 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.73% (2001 est.) | 0.74% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Manama, Mina' Salman, Sitrah | Hamilton, Saint George |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 338,000 (1997) | 82,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Shi'a Muslim 70%, Sunni Muslim 30% | non-Anglican Protestant 39%, Anglican 27%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 19% |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.45 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female total population: 1.29 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
at birth:
0.94 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | none | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
modern system domestic: modern fiber-optic integrated services; digital network with rapidly growing use of mobile cellular telephones international: tropospheric scatter to Qatar and UAE; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; submarine cable to Qatar, UAE, and Saudi Arabia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat (1997) |
general assessment:
NA domestic: modern, fully automatic telephone system international: 3 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 152,000 (1997) | 52,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 58,543 (1997) | 7,980 (1996) |
| Television broadcast stations | 4 (1997) | 3 (1997) |
| Terrain | mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment | low hills separated by fertile depressions |
| Total fertility rate | 2.79 children born/woman (2001 est.) | 1.81 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 15% (1998 est.) | NEGL% (1995) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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