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Compare Argentina (2001) - Kyrgyzstan (2004)

Compare Argentina (2001) z Kyrgyzstan (2004)

 Argentina (2001)Kyrgyzstan (2004)
 ArgentinaKyrgyzstan
Administrative divisions 23 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), and 1 autonomous city* (distrito federal); Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Capital Federal*; Catamarca; Chaco; Chubut; Cordoba; Corrientes; Entre Rios; Formosa; Jujuy; La Pampa; La Rioja; Mendoza; Misiones; Neuquen; Rio Negro; Salta; San Juan; San Luis; Santa Cruz; Santa Fe; Santiago del Estero; Tierra del Fuego, Antartica e Islas del Atlantico Sur; Tucuman

note:
the US does not recognize any claims to Antarctica
7 provinces (oblastlar, singular - oblasty) and 1 city* (shaar); Batken Oblasty, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblasty (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblasty, Naryn Oblasty, Osh Oblasty, Talas Oblasty, Ysyk-Kol Oblasty (Karakol)


note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
Age structure 0-14 years:
26.54% (male 5,077,593; female 4,842,811)

15-64 years:
63.04% (male 11,795,282; female 11,773,855)

65 years and over:
10.42% (male 1,609,672; female 2,285,603) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 32.3% (male 835,599; female 804,384)


15-64 years: 61.6% (male 1,535,447; female 1,594,972)


65 years and over: 6.1% (male 120,555; female 190,472) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products sunflower seeds, lemons, soybeans, grapes, corn, tobacco, peanuts, tea, wheat; livestock tobacco, cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool
Airports 1,359 (2000 est.) 61 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
143

over 3,047 m:
4

2,438 to 3,047 m:
25

1,524 to 2,437 m:
57

914 to 1,523 m:
48

under 914 m:
9 (2000 est.)
total: 17


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 11


under 914 m: 2 (2003 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
1,216

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
56

914 to 1,523 m:
601

under 914 m:
555 (2000 est.)
total: 44


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 37 (2003 est.)
Area total:
2,766,890 sq km

land:
2,736,690 sq km

water:
30,200 sq km
total: 198,500 sq km


land: 191,300 sq km


water: 7,200 sq km
Area - comparative slightly less than three-tenths the size of the US slightly smaller than South Dakota
Background Following independence from Spain in 1816, Argentina experienced periods of internal political conflict between conservatives and liberals and between civilian and military factions. After World War II, a long period of Peronist dictatorship was followed by a military junta that took power in 1976. Democracy returned in 1983, and numerous elections since then have underscored Argentina's progress in democratic consolidation. A Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions, Kyrgyzstan was annexed by Russia in 1864; it achieved independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Current concerns include: privatization of state-owned enterprises, expansion of democracy and political freedoms, interethnic relations, and combating terrorism.
Birth rate 18.41 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 22.13 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues:
$44 billion

expenditures:
$48 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $371.5 million


expenditures: $387.1 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
Capital Buenos Aires Bishkek
Climate mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone
Coastline 4,989 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 1 May 1853; revised August 1994 adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by President AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 2 February 2003 significantly expands the powers of the president at the expense of the legislature
Country name conventional long form:
Argentine Republic

conventional short form:
Argentina

local long form:
Republica Argentina

local short form:
Argentina
conventional long form: Kyrgyz Republic


conventional short form: Kyrgyzstan


local long form: Kyrgyz Respublikasy


local short form: none


former: Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
Currency Argentine peso (ARS) Kyrgyzstani som (KGS)
Death rate 7.58 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7.19 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $154 billion (2000 est.) $1.5 billion (2002 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador James D. WALSH

embassy:
Avenida Colombia 4300, 1425 Buenos Aires

mailing address:
international mail: use street address; APO address: Unit 4334, APO AA 34034

telephone:
[54] (11) 4777-4533/4534

FAX:
[54] (11) 4511-4997
chief of mission: Ambassador Stephen M. YOUNG


embassy: 171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720016


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [996] (312) 551-241, (517) 777-217


FAX: [996] (312) 551-264
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Guillermo Enrique GONZALEZ

chancery:
1600 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 238-6400

FAX:
[1] (202) 332-3171

consulate(s) general:
Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York
chief of mission: Ambassador Bakyt ABDRISAYEV


chancery: 1732 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007


telephone: [1] (202) 338-5141


FAX: [1] (202) 338-5139


consulate(s): New York
Disputes - international claims UK-administered Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas); claims UK-administered South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; territorial claim in Antarctica partially overlaps British and Chilean claims boundary with China is fully demarcated; delimitation with Kazakhstan is largely complete with only minor disputed areas; disputes in Isfara Valley delay completion of delimitation with Tajikistan; delimitation is underway with Uzbekistan but serious disputes around enclaves and elsewhere continue to mar progress for some 130 km of border
Economic aid - recipient IMF offer of $13.7 billion (January 2001) $50 million from the US (2001)
Economy - overview Argentina benefits from rich natural resources, a highly literate population, an export-oriented agricultural sector, and a diversified industrial base. However, when President Carlos MENEM took office in 1989, the country had piled up huge external debts, inflation had reached 200% per month, and output was plummeting. To combat the economic crisis, the government embarked on a path of trade liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. In 1991, it implemented radical monetary reforms which pegged the peso to the US dollar and limited the growth in the monetary base by law to the growth in reserves. Inflation fell sharply in subsequent years. In 1995, the Mexican peso crisis produced capital flight, the loss of banking system deposits, and a severe, but short-lived, recession; a series of reforms to bolster the domestic banking system followed. Real GDP growth recovered strongly, reaching 8% in 1997. In 1998, international financial turmoil caused by Russia's problems and increasing investor anxiety over Brazil produced the highest domestic interest rates in more than three years, halving the growth rate of the economy. Conditions worsened in 1999 with GDP falling by 3%. President Fernando DE LA RUA, who took office in December 1999, sponsored tax increases and spending cuts to reduce the deficit, which had ballooned to 2.5% of GDP in 1999. Growth in 2000 was a disappointing 0.8%, as both domestic and foreign investors remained skeptical of the government's ability to pay debts and maintain its fixed exchange rate with the US dollar. One bright spot at the start of 2001 was the IMF's offer of $13.7 billion in support. Kyrgyzstan is a poor, mountainous country with a predominantly agricultural economy. Cotton, tobacco, wool, and meat are the main agricultural products, although only tobacco and cotton are exported in any quantity. Industrial exports include gold, mercury, uranium, and natural gas and electricity. Kyrgyzstan has been fairly progressive in carrying out market reforms, such as an improved regulatory system and land reform. Kyrgyzstan was the first CIS country to be accepted into the World Trade Organization. With fits and starts, inflation has been lowered to an estimated 7% in 2001, 2.1% in 2002, and 4.0% in 2003. Much of the government's stock in enterprises has been sold. Drops in production had been severe after the breakup of the Soviet Union in December 1991, but by mid-1995 production began to recover and exports began to increase. Kyrgyzstan has distinguished itself by adopting relatively liberal economic policies. The drop in output at the Kumtor gold mine sparked a 0.5% decline in GDP in 2002, but GDP growth bounced back to 6% in 2003. The government has made steady strides in controlling its substantial fiscal deficit and aims to reduce the deficit to 4.4 percent of GDP in 2004. The government and the international financial institutions have been engaged in a comprehensive medium-term poverty reduction and economic growth strategy. Further restructuring of domestic industry and success in attracting foreign investment are keys to future growth.
Electricity - consumption 77.111 billion kWh (1999) 10.46 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 1.08 billion kWh (1999) 2.25 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 6.5 billion kWh (1999) 200 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 77.087 billion kWh (1999) 13.45 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
60.3%

hydro:
30.7%

nuclear:
8.75%

other:
0.25% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Salinas Chicas -40 m (located on Peninsula Valdes)

highest point:
Cerro Aconcagua 6,960 m
lowest point: Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m


highest point: Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m
Environment - current issues environmental problems (urban and rural) typical of an industrializing economy such as soil degradation, desertification, air pollution, and water pollution

note:
Argentina is a world leader in setting voluntary greenhouse gas targets
water pollution; many people get their water directly from contaminated streams and wells; as a result, water-borne diseases are prevalent; increasing soil salinity from faulty irrigation practices
Environment - international agreements party to:
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups white (mostly Spanish and Italian) 97%, mestizo, Amerindian, or other nonwhite groups 3% Kyrgyz 64.9%, Uzbek 13.8%, Russian 12.5%, Dungan 1.1%, Ukrainian 1%, Uygur 1%, other 5.7% (1999 census)
Exchange rates Argentine pesos per US dollar - 1.000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar) soms per US dollar - 43.6484 (2003), 46.9371 (2002), 48.378 (2001), 47.7038 (2000), 39.0077 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Fernando DE LA RUA (since 10 December 1999); Vice President Carlos "Chacho" ALVAREZ resigned 6 October 2000 and a replacement has not yet been named; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Fernando DE LA RUA (since 10 December 1999); Vice President Carlos "Chacho" ALVAREZ resigned 6 October 2000 and a replacement has not yet been named; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 24 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2003)

election results:
Fernando DE LA RUA elected president; percent of vote - 48.5%
chief of state: President Askar AKAYEV (since 28 October 1990)


head of government: Prime Minister Nikolay TANAYEV (since 22 May 2002); note - Prime Minister Kurmanbek BAKIYEV resigned on 22 May 2002 when five demonstrators were killed in a clash with police in March of 2002; First Deputy Prime Minister Kubanychbek JUMALIYEV (since 19 March 2004)


cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: president reelected by popular vote for a five-year term; elections last held 29 October 2000 (next to be 30 October 2005); prime minister appointed by the president; note - President AKAYEV has publicly stated that he will not seek reelection when his current term expires in 2005


election results: Askar AKAYEV reelected president; percent of vote - Askar AKAYEV 74%, Omurbek TEKEBAYEV 14%, other candidates 12%; note - election marred by serious irregularities
Exports $26.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities edible oils, fuels and energy, cereals, feed, motor vehicles cotton, wool, meat, tobacco; gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, hydropower; machinery; shoes
Exports - partners Brazil 24%, EU 21%, US 11% (1999 est.) UAE 24.7%, Switzerland 20.3%, Russia 16.7%, Kazakhstan 9.8%, Canada 5.3%, China 4% (2003)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of light blue (top), white, and light blue; centered in the white band is a radiant yellow sun with a human face known as the Sun of May red field with a yellow sun in the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Kyrgyz tribes; on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise; in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of the roof of the traditional Kyrgyz yurt
GDP purchasing power parity - $476 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $7.808 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
6%

industry:
32%

services:
62% (2000 est.)
agriculture: 38.7%


industry: 22.9%


services: 38.4% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $12,900 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 0.8% (2000 est.) 6.7% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates 34 00 S, 64 00 W 41 00 N, 75 00 E
Geography - note second-largest country in South America (after Brazil); strategic location relative to sea lanes between South Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake Passage) landlocked; entirely mountainous, dominated by the Tien Shan range; many tall peaks, glaciers, and high-altitude lakes
Highways total:
215,434 km

paved:
63,553 km (including 734 km of expressways)

unpaved:
151,881 km (1998 est.)
total: 18,500 km


paved: 16,854 km (including 140 km of expressways)


unpaved: 1,646 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 3.2%


highest 10%: 27.7% (1999)
Illicit drugs use as a transshipment country for cocaine headed for Europe and the US; increasing use as a money-laundering center; domestic consumption of drugs in urban centers is increasing limited illicit cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy for CIS markets; limited government eradication of illicit crops; transit point for Southwest Asian narcotics bound for Russia and the rest of Europe
Imports $25.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, metal manufactures, plastics oil and gas, machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners EU 28%, US 22%, Brazil 21% (1999 est.) Russia 24.7%, Kazakhstan 24%, China 10.3%, US 6.7%, Uzbekistan 5.5%, Germany 5.3% (2003)
Independence 9 July 1816 (from Spain) 31 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Industrial production growth rate 1% (2000 est.) 6% (2000 est.)
Industries food processing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement, shoes, sawn logs, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, rare earth metals
Infant mortality rate 17.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 36.81 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 42.23 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 31.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.9% (2000 est.) 3.5% (2003 est.)
International organization participation AfDB, Australia Group, BCIE, BIS, CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-6, G-11, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MINURSO, MIPONUH, MTCR, NSG, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNTSO, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC AsDB, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMIL, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 33 (2000) -
Irrigated land 17,000 sq km (1993 est.) 10,740 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (the nine Supreme Court judges are appointed by the president with approval by the Senate) Supreme Court (judges are appointed for 10-year terms by the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president); Constitutional Court; Higher Court of Arbitration
Labor force 15 million (1999) 2.7 million (2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% agriculture 55%, industry 15%, services 30% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total:
9,665 km

border countries:
Bolivia 832 km, Brazil 1,224 km, Chile 5,150 km, Paraguay 1,880 km, Uruguay 579 km
total: 3,878 km


border countries: China 858 km, Kazakhstan 1,051 km, Tajikistan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,099 km
Land use arable land:
9%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
52%

forests and woodland:
19%

other:
19% (1993 est.)
arable land: 7.3%


permanent crops: 0.35%


other: 92.35%


note: Kyrgyzstan has the world's largest natural growth walnut forest (2001)
Languages Spanish (official), English, Italian, German, French Kyrgyz - official language, Russian - official language


note: in December 2001, the Kyrgyzstani legislature made Russian an official language, equal in status to Kyrgyz
Legal system mixture of US and West European legal systems; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on civil law system
Legislative branch bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of the Senate (72 seats; formerly, three members appointed by each of the provincial legislatures; presently transitioning to one-third of the members being elected every two years to six-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies (257 seats; one-half of the members elected every two years to four-year terms)

elections:
Senate - transition phase will begin in the 2001 elections when all seats will be fully contested; winners will randomly draw to determine whether they will serve a two-year, four-year, or full six-year term, beginning a rotating cycle renovating one-third of the body every two years; Chamber of Deputies - last held 24 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2001)

election results:
Senate - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA%; seats by bloc or party - Peronist 40, UCR 20, Frepaso 1, other 11; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA%; seats by bloc or party - Alliance 124 (UCR 85, Frepaso 36, others 3), Peronist 101, AR 12, other 20
bicameral Supreme Council or Jorgorku Kenesh consists of the Assembly of People's Representatives (70 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Legislative Assembly (35 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - in accordance with a 2003 referendum, the Parliament is slated to become unicameral with 75 deputies after the 27 February 2005 elections


elections: Assembly of People's Representatives - last held 20 February and 12 March 2000 (next to be held NA February 2005); Legislative Assembly - last held 20 February and 12 March 2000; elections for the new unicameral body or Jorgorku Kenesh are to be held 27 February 2005)


election results: Assembly of People's Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; and Legislative Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - total seats by party in the Supreme Council were as follows: Union of Democratic Forces 12, Communists 6, My Country Party of Action 4, independents 73, other 10


note: the legislature became bicameral for the 5 February 1995 elections; the 2000 election results include both the Assembly of People's Representatives and the Legislative Assembly
Life expectancy at birth total population:
75.26 years

male:
71.88 years

female:
78.82 years (2001 est.)
total population: 67.84 years


male: 63.84 years


female: 72.05 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
96.2%

male:
96.2%

female:
96.2% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 99%


female: 96% (1989 est.)
Location Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Chile and Uruguay Central Asia, west of China
Map references South America Asia
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total:
26 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 185,355 GRT/281,475 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 9, petroleum tanker 11, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 1, short-sea passenger 2 (2000 est.)
-
Military branches Argentine Army, Navy of the Argentine Republic (includes Naval Aviation, Marines, and Coast Guard), Argentine Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Aeronautical Police Force Army, Air and Air Defense, Security Forces, Border Troops
Military expenditures - dollar figure $4.3 billion (FY99) $19.2 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.3% (FY99) 1.4% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
9,404,434 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 1,347,312 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
7,625,425 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 1,091,548 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - military age 20 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
335,085 (2001 est.)
males: 59,759 (2004 est.)
National holiday Revolution Day, 25 May (1810) Independence Day, 31 August (1991)
Nationality noun:
Argentine(s)

adjective:
Argentine
noun: Kyrgyzstani(s)


adjective: Kyrgyzstani
Natural hazards San Miguel de Tucuman and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the Pampas and northeast; heavy flooding NA
Natural resources fertile plains of the Pampas, lead, zinc, tin, copper, iron ore, manganese, petroleum, uranium abundant hydropower; significant deposits of gold and rare earth metals; locally exploitable coal, oil, and natural gas; other deposits of nepheline, mercury, bismuth, lead, and zinc
Net migration rate 0.64 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -2.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 4,090 km; petroleum products 2,900 km; natural gas 9,918 km gas 367 km; oil 13 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders Action for the Republic or AR [Domingo CAVALLO]; Front for a Country in Solidarity or Frepaso (a four-party coalition) [Carlos ALVAREZ]; Justicialist Party or PJ [Carlos Saul MENEM] (Peronist umbrella political organization); Radical Civic Union or UCR [Raul ALFONSIN]; several provincial parties Adilet (Justice) Party [Toychubek KASYMOV]; Agrarian Labor Party of Kyrgyzstan [Uson SYDYKOV]; Agrarian Party of Kyrgyzstan [Erkin ALIYEV]; Alga, Kyrgyzstan (Forward, Kyrgyzstan) [Bolot BEGALIYEV]; Ar-Namys (Dignity) Party [Emil ALIYEV]; Asaba (Banner National Revival Party) [Azimbek BEKNAZAROV]; Ata-Meken (Fatherland) [Omurbek TEKEBAYEV]; Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan [Klara ADZHIBEKOVA]; Democratic Movement of Kyrgyzstan or DDK [Jypar JEKSHEYEV]; Erkin Kyrgyzstan Progressive and Democratic Party [Bektur ASANOV]; Erkindik (Freedom) Party [Topchubek TURGUNALIYEV]; Future of Kyrgyzstan [Balbak TULEBAYEV]; Jany Kyrgyzstan (New Kyrgyzstan) [Dosbol NUR UULU]; Kairan El [Dooronbek SADYKOV]; Kyrgyz National Party [Bakyt BESHIMOV]; Kyrgyzstan Kelechegi [Ruslan CHYNYBAYEV]; Manas El (Party of Spiritual Restoration) [Chingiz AITMATOV]; Moya Strana (My Country Party of Action) [Joomart OTORBAYEV]; Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan or KCP [Bakytbek BEKBOYEV]; Party of Justice and Progress [Muratbek IMANALIEV]; Party of Peasants [Esengul ISAKOV]
Political pressure groups and leaders Argentine Association of Pharmaceutical Labs (CILFA); Argentine Industrial Union (manufacturers' association); Argentine Rural Society (large landowners' association); business organizations; General Confederation of Labor or CGT (Peronist-leaning umbrella labor organization); Peronist-dominated labor movement; Roman Catholic Church; students Council of Free Trade Unions; Kyrgyz Committee on Human Rights [Ramazan DYRYLDAYEV]; National Unity Democratic Movement; Union of Entrepreneurs
Population 37,384,816 (July 2001 est.) 5,081,429 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line 37% (1999 est.) 50% (2003 est.)
Population growth rate 1.15% (2001 est.) 1.25% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Comodoro Rivadavia, Concepcion del Uruguay, La Plata, Mar del Plata, Necochea, Rio Gallegos, Rosario, Santa Fe, Ushuaia Balykchy (Ysyk-Kol or Rybach'ye)
Radio broadcast stations AM 260 (including 10 inactive stations), FM NA (probably more than 1,000, mostly unlicensed), shortwave 6 (1998) AM 12 (plus 10 repeater stations), FM 14, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios 24.3 million (1997) -
Railways total:
33,744 km (167 km electrified)

broad gauge:
20,594 km 1.676-m gauge (141 km electrified)

standard gauge:
2,739 km 1.435-m gauge (26 km electrified)

narrow gauge:
10,154 km 1.000-m gauge; 257 km 0.750-m gauge (2000)
total: 470 km


broad gauge: 470 km 1.520-m gauge (2003)
Religions nominally Roman Catholic 92% (less than 20% practicing), Protestant 2%, Jewish 2%, other 4% Muslim 75%, Russian Orthodox 20%, other 5%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female


total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal and mandatory 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
by opening the telecommunications market to competition and foreign investment with the "Telecommunications Liberalization Plan of 1998", Argentina encouraged the growth of modern telecommunication technology; fiber-optic cable trunk lines are being installed between all major cities; the major networks are entirely digital and the availability of telephone service is being improved; however, telephone density is presently minimal, and making telephone service universally available will take some time

domestic:
microwave radio relay, fiber-optic cable, and a domestic satellite system with 40 earth stations serve the trunk network; more than 110,000 pay telephones are installed and mobile telephone use is rapidly expanding

international:
satellite earth stations - 8 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); Atlantis II and Unisur submarine cables; two international gateways near Buenos Aires (1999)
general assessment: poorly developed; about 100,000 unsatisfied applications for household telephones


domestic: principally microwave radio relay; one cellular provider, probably limited to Bishkek region


international: country code - 996; connections with other CIS countries by landline or microwave radio relay and with other countries by leased connections with Moscow international gateway switch and by satellite; satellite earth stations - 1 Intersputnik and 1 Intelsat; connected internationally by the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic line
Telephones - main lines in use 7.5 million (1998) 394,800 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 3 million (December 1999) 53,100 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 42 (plus 444 repeaters) (1997) NA (repeater stations throughout the country relay programs from Russia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Turkey) (1997)
Terrain rich plains of the Pampas in northern half, flat to rolling plateau of Patagonia in south, rugged Andes along western border peaks of Tien Shan and associated valleys and basins encompass entire nation
Total fertility rate 2.44 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.71 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate 15% (December 2000) 7.2% (1999 est.)
Waterways 10,950 km 600 km (2004)
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