Compare Algeria (2006) - Mayotte (2002)

Compare Algeria (2006) z Mayotte (2002)

	Algeria (2006)	Mayotte (2002)

Administrative divisions	48 provinces (wilayat, singular - wilaya); Adrar, Ain Defla, Ain Temouchent, Alger, Annaba, Batna, Bechar, Bejaia, Biskra, Blida, Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bouira, Boumerdes, Chlef, Constantine, Djelfa, El Bayadh, El Oued, El Tarf, Ghardaia, Guelma, Illizi, Jijel, Khenchela, Laghouat, Mascara, Medea, Mila, Mostaganem, M'Sila, Naama, Oran, Ouargla, Oum el Bouaghi, Relizane, Saida, Setif, Sidi Bel Abbes, Skikda, Souk Ahras, Tamanghasset, Tebessa, Tiaret, Tindouf, Tipaza, Tissemsilt, Tizi Ouzou, Tlemcen	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Age structure	0-14 years: 28.1% (male 4,722,076/female 4,539,713) 15-64 years: 67.1% (male 11,133,802/female 10,964,502) 65 years and over: 4.8% (male 735,444/female 834,554) (2006 est.)	0-14 years: 46.6% (male 39,927; female 39,628) 15-64 years: 51.7% (male 48,237; female 40,210) 65 years and over: 1.7% (male 1,429; female 1,448) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	wheat, barley, oats, grapes, olives, citrus, fruits; sheep, cattle	vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra
Airports	142 (2006)	1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 52 over 3,047 m: 10 2,438 to 3,047 m: 27 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2006)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 90 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 26 914 to 1,523 m: 39 under 914 m: 23 (2006)	-
Area	total: 2,381,740 sq km land: 2,381,740 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 374 sq km land: 374 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background	After more than a century of rule by France, Algerians fought through much of the 1950s to achieve independence in 1962. Algeria's primary political party, the National Liberation Front (FLN), has dominated politics ever since. Many Algerians in the subsequent generation were not satisfied, however, and moved to counter the FLN's centrality in Algerian politics. The surprising first round success of the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) in the December 1991 balloting spurred the Algerian army to intervene and postpone the second round of elections to prevent what the secular elite feared would be an extremist-led government from assuming power. The army began a crack down on the FIS that spurred FIS supporters to begin attacking government targets. The government later allowed elections featuring pro-government and moderate religious-based parties, but did not appease the activists who progressively widened their attacks. The fighting escalated into an insurgency, which saw intense fighting between 1992-98 and which resulted in over 100,000 deaths - many attributed to indiscriminate massacres of villagers by extremists. The government gained the upper hand by the late-1990s and FIS's armed wing, the Islamic Salvation Army, disbanded in January 2000. However, small numbers of armed militants persist in confronting government forces and conducting ambushes and occasional attacks on villages. The army placed Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA in the presidency in 1999 in a fraudulent election but claimed neutrality in his 2004 landslide reelection victory. Longstanding problems continue to face BOUTEFLIKA in his second term, including the ethnic minority Berbers' ongoing autonomy campaign, large-scale unemployment, a shortage of housing, unreliable electrical and water supplies, government inefficiencies and corruption, and the continuing - although significantly degraded - activities of extremist militants. Algeria must also diversify its petroleum-based economy, which has yielded a large cash reserve but which has not been used to redress Algeria's many social and infrastructure problems.	Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence.
Birth rate	17.14 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	43.59 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $42.05 billion expenditures: $30.75 billion; including capital expenditures of $5.8 billion (2005 est.)	revenues: $NA expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1991 est.)
Capital	name: Algiers geographic coordinates: 36 47 N, 2 03 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Mamoutzou
Climate	arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer	tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)
Coastline	998 km	185.2 km
Constitution	8 September 1963; revised 19 November 1976, effective 22 November 1976; revised 3 November 1988, 23 February 1989, and 28 November 1996	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria conventional short form: Algeria local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Jaza'iriyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Sha'biyah local short form: Al Jaza'ir	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte conventional short form: Mayotte
Currency	-	euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)
Death rate	4.61 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)	8.58 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$19.45 billion (2005 est.)	$NA
Dependency status	-	territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Robert S. FORD embassy: 04 Chemin Cheikh Bachir Ibrahimi El-Biar 16030, Algiers mailing address: B. P. 408, Alger-Gare, 16030 Algiers telephone: [213] (021) 69-12-55 FAX: [213] (021) 69-39-79	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Amine KHERBI chancery: 2118 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 265-2800 FAX: [1] (202) 667-2174	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	Algeria supports the exiled Sahrawi Polisario Front and rejects Moroccan administration of Western Sahara; most of the approximately 102,000 Western Saharan Sahrawi refugees are sheltered in camps in Tindouf, Algeria; Algeria's border with Morocco remains an irritant to bilateral relations, each nation accusing the other of harboring militants and arms smuggling; in an attempt to improve relations, Morocco, in mid-2004, unilaterally lifted the requirement that Algerians visiting Morocco possess entry visas - a gesture not reciprocated by Algeria; Algeria remains concerned about armed bandits operating throughout the Sahel who sometimes destabilize southern Algerian towns; dormant disputes include Libyan claims of about 32,000 sq km still reflected on its maps of southeastern Algeria and the FLN's assertions of a claim to Chirac Pastures in southeastern Morocco	claimed by Comoros
Economic aid - recipient	$122.8 million (2002 est.)	$107.7 million (1995); note - extensive French financial assistance
Economy - overview	The hydrocarbons sector is the backbone of the economy, accounting for roughly 60% of budget revenues, 30% of GDP, and over 95% of export earnings. Algeria has the seventh-largest reserves of natural gas in the world and is the second-largest gas exporter; it ranks 14th in oil reserves. Sustained high oil prices in recent years, along with macroeconomic policy reforms supported by the IMF, have helped improve Algeria's financial and macroeconomic indicators. Algeria is running substantial trade surpluses and building up record foreign exchange reserves. Real GDP has risen due to higher oil output and increased government spending. The government's continued efforts to diversify the economy by attracting foreign and domestic investment outside the energy sector, however, has had little success in reducing high unemployment and improving living standards. The population is becoming increasingly restive due to the lack of jobs and housing and frequently stages protests, which have resulted in arrests and injuries, including some deaths as government forces intervened to restore order. Structural reform within the economy, such as development of the banking sector and the construction of infrastructure, moves ahead slowly hampered by corruption and bureaucratic resistance.	Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism.
Electricity - consumption	24.9 billion kWh (2003 est.)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	400 million kWh (2003 est.)	-
Electricity - imports	200 million kWh (2003 est.)	-
Electricity - production	26.99 billion kWh (2003 est.)	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Chott Melrhir -40 m highest point: Tahat 3,003 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Benara 660 m
Environment - current issues	soil erosion from overgrazing and other poor farming practices; desertification; dumping of raw sewage, petroleum refining wastes, and other industrial effluents is leading to the pollution of rivers and coastal waters; Mediterranean Sea, in particular, becoming polluted from oil wastes, soil erosion, and fertilizer runoff; inadequate supplies of potable water	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1% note: almost all Algerians are Berber in origin, not Arab; the minority who identify themselves as Berber live mostly in the mountainous region of Kabylie east of Algiers; the Berbers are also Muslim but identify with their Berber rather than Arab cultural heritage; Berbers have long agitated, sometimes violently, for autonomy; the government is unlikely to grant autonomy but has offered to begin sponsoring teaching Berber language in schools	NA
Exchange rates	Algerian dinars per US dollar - 73.276 (2005), 72.061 (2004), 77.395 (2003), 79.682 (2002), 77.215 (2001)	euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA (since 28 April 1999) head of government: Prime Minister Abdelaziz BELKHADEM cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 8 April 2004 (next to be held in April 2009); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA reelected president for second term; percent of vote - Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA 85%, Ali BENFLIS 6.4%, Abdellah DJABALLAH 5%	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Jean-Jacques BROT (since 3 July 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Younoussa BAMANA (since NA 1977) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term
Exports	1.127 million bbl/day (2004 est.)	$3.44 million f.o.b. (1997)
Exports - commodities	petroleum, natural gas, and petroleum products 97%	ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon
Exports - partners	US 22.8%, Italy 16.2%, Spain 10.4%, France 10%, Canada 8%, Brazil 6.1%, Belgium 4.4%, Germany 4.2% (2005)	France 80%, Comoros 15%, Reunion
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white; a red, five-pointed star within a red crescent centered over the two-color boundary; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam (the state religion)	the flag of France is used
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $85 million (1998 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 10.1% industry: 60% services: 29.8% (2005 est.)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $600 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	5.5% (2005 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	28 00 N, 3 00 E	12 50 S, 45 10 E
Geography - note	second-largest country in Africa (after Sudan)	part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands
Heliports	1 (2006)	-
Highways	-	total: 93 km paved: 72 km unpaved: 21 km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 2.8% highest 10%: 26.8% (1995)	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	0 bbl/day (2004 est.)	$141.3 million f.o.b. (1997)
Imports - commodities	capital goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods	food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals
Imports - partners	France 28.2%, Italy 7.8%, Spain 7.1%, China 6.6%, Germany 6.3%, US 5.5% (2005)	France 66%, Africa 14%, Southeast Asia 11% (1997)
Independence	5 July 1962 (from France)	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Industrial production growth rate	8% (2005 est.)	NA%
Industries	petroleum, natural gas, light industries, mining, electrical, petrochemical, food processing	newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction
Infant mortality rate	total: 29.87 deaths/1,000 live births male: 33.62 deaths/1,000 live births female: 25.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)	67.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.9% (2005 est.)	NA%
International organization participation	ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BIS, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, ONUB, OPCW, OPEC, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer)	FZ
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	NA
Irrigated land	5,690 sq km (2003)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force	10.15 million (2005 est.)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 14%, industry 13.4%, construction and public works 10%, trade 14.6%, government 32%, other 16% (2003 est.)	-
Land boundaries	total: 6,343 km border countries: Libya 982 km, Mali 1,376 km, Mauritania 463 km, Morocco 1,559 km, Niger 956 km, Tunisia 965 km, Western Sahara 42 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 3.17% permanent crops: 0.28% other: 96.55% (2005)	arable land: NA% permanent crops: NA% other: NA% (1998 est.)
Languages	Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects	Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population
Legal system	socialist, based on French and Islamic law; judicial review of legislative acts in ad hoc Constitutional Council composed of various public officials, including several Supreme Court justices; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	French law
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consisting of the National People's Assembly or Al-Majlis Ech-Chaabi Al-Watani (389 seats - formerly 380 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Council of Nations (Senate) (144 seats; one-third of the members appointed by the president, two-thirds elected by indirect vote; members serve six-year terms; the constitution requires half the council to be renewed every three years) elections: National People's Assembly - last held 30 May 2002 (next to be held in 2007); Council of Nations (Senate) - last held 30 December 2003 (next to be held in 2006) election results: National People's Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FLN 199, RND 47, Islah 43, MSP 38, PT 21, FNA 8, EnNahda 1, PRA 1, MEN 1, independents 30; Council of Nations - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party NA	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 7 October 2000 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held as a special election on NA June 2005); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.08%, UDF 44.92%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 73.26 years male: 71.68 years female: 74.92 years (2006 est.)	total population: 60.21 years male: 58.12 years female: 62.37 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 70% male: 78.8% female: 61% (2003 est.)	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Morocco and Tunisia	Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique
Map references	Africa	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 32-52 nm	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 41 ships (1000 GRT or over) 744,406 GRT/766,764 DWT by type: bulk carrier 7, cargo 10, chemical tanker 2, liquefied gas 9, passenger/cargo 4, petroleum tanker 5, roll on/roll off 3, specialized tanker 1 foreign-owned: 13 (UK 13) (2006)	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of France; small contingent of French forces stationed on the island
Military branches	National Popular Army (ANP; includes Land Forces), Algerian National Navy (MRA), Air Force (QJJ), Territorial Air Defense Force (2005)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$3 billion (2005 est.)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	3.2% (2005 est.)	-
National holiday	Revolution Day, 1 November (1954)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Algerian(s) adjective: Algerian	noun: Mahorais (singular and plural) adjective: Mahoran
Natural hazards	mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides and floods in rainy season	cyclones during rainy season
Natural resources	petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, uranium, lead, zinc	NEGL
Net migration rate	-0.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	9.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines	condensate 1,344 km; gas 85,946 km; liquid petroleum gas 2,213 km; oil 6,496 km (2005)	-
Political parties and leaders	Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]; National Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND [Ahmed OUYAHIA, secretary general]; Islamic Salvation Front or FIS (outlawed April 1992) [Ali BELHADJ, Dr. Abassi MADANI, Rabeh KEBIR]; National Entente Movement or MEN [Ali BOUKHAZNA]; National Liberation Front or FLN [Abdelaziz BELKHADEM, secretary general]; National Reform Movement or Islah (formerly MRN) [Abdellah DJABALLAH]; National Renewal Party or PRA [Yacine TERKMANE]; Progressive Republican Party [Khadir DRISS]; Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD [Said SADI]; Renaissance Movement or EnNahda Movement [Fatah RABEI]; Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Hocine Ait AHMED, secretary general]; Social Liberal Party or PSL [Ahmed KHELIL]; Society of Peace Movement or MSP [Boudjerra SOLTANI]; Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUN] note: a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997	Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Younoussa BAMANA]; Federation of Mahorans or RPR [Moustoifa MOHAMED]; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Younoussa BEN ALI]; Socialist Party or PS (local branch of French Parti Socialiste) [Ibrahim ABUBACAR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]; note - may no longer be in existence
Political pressure groups and leaders	The Algerian Human Rights League or LADH or LADDH [Yahia Ali ABDENOUR]; SOS Disparus [Nacera DUTOUR]; Somoud [Ali MERABET]	NA
Population	32,930,091 (July 2006 est.)	170,879 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	25% (2005 est.)	NA%
Population growth rate	1.22% (2006 est.)	4.41% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Dzaoudzi
Radio broadcast stations	AM 25, FM 1, shortwave 8 (1999)	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001)
Radios	-	NA
Railways	total: 3,973 km standard gauge: 2,888 km 1.435-m gauge (283 km electrified) narrow gauge: 1,085 km 1.055-m gauge (2005)	0 km (2002)
Religions	Sunni Muslim (state religion) 99%, Christian and Jewish 1%	Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2006 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.2 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: telephone density in Algeria is very low, not exceeding five telephones per 100 persons; the number of fixed main lines increased in the last few years to nearly 2.6 million, but only about two-thirds of these have subscribers; much of the infrastructure is outdated and inefficient domestic: good service in north but sparse in south; domestic satellite system with 12 earth stations (20 additional domestic earth stations are planned) international: country code - 213; submarine cables - 5; microwave radio relay to Italy, France, Spain, Morocco, and Tunisia; coaxial cable to Morocco and Tunisia; participant in Medarabtel; satellite earth stations - 51 (Intelsat, Intersputnik, and Arabsat) (2005)	general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications domestic: NA international: microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros (2001)
Telephones - main lines in use	2.572 million (2005)	12,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular	13.661 million (2005)	0 (2000)
Television broadcast stations	46 (plus 216 repeaters) (1995)	3 (2001)
Terrain	mostly high plateau and desert; some mountains; narrow, discontinuous coastal plain	generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks
Total fertility rate	1.89 children born/woman (2006 est.)	6.15 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	17.1% (2005 est.)	45% (1997) (1997)
Waterways	-	none

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